MEDICINE AND MEDICAL

NURSING
1.When performing cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) on an adult, the correct
hand placement is located over the
………………. of the sternum.
A.lower half
B.lower third
C.upper half
D.upper third
2. A nurse assesses an infant below one year
during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the
appropriate location to assess the pulse would be
the ………………………... artery
A.brachial
B.carotid
C.popliteal
D.radial
3. Ama, a 7year old child is in your ward
receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation. How
many breaths per minute would be delivered?
A.18
B.20
C.22
D.24
4. Acute glomerulonephritis may follow
streptococcal sore throat as is a result of
……………….
A.an allergic response to the antibiotic given for
the infection
B.antigen-antibody complexes developed within
the kidney
C.renal tubules are blocked by the streptococcus
D.renal tubules become obstructed with protein
5. One of the primary objectives of treating acute
glomerulonephritis would be to ………………….
A.encourage patient to do moderate active
exercises
B.give high protein diet to restore nutritional state
C.restore fluid and electrolytes balance
D.treat symptoms associated with hypertension
use the case study below to answer questions 6-9

• Kwame, an 18-year-old school boy has

recently been diagnosed as having diabetes
mellitus. He is preparing for WASSCE
examinations and he is a keen player in the
school football team. He is put on insulin and
is told to have snack at bed time.
6. Which of the following is the first step in
teaching Kwame about his condition?
A.determine the knowledge of diabetes
B.determine his knowledge of digestion
C.explain carbohydrate metabolism
D.explain diabetes mellitus to him
7. The objective of Kwame’s care is to
……………………...
A.improve carbohydrate metabolism
B.improve his fat metabolism
C.maintain a normal life style
D.maintain normal glucose level
8. The reason for giving Kwame the snack at bed
time is to …………………
A.ensure normal metabolism at night
B.maintain normal blood glucose
C.prevent hypoglycemia whilst sleeping
D.provide energy in the morning
9. Kwame will be instructed to rotate his
injection sites to prevent …………………..
A.abscess formation
B.infection
C.inflammation
D.reduced absorption
10. Hourly urinalysis in the management of
acidosis in diabetes mellitus is to
………………..
A.Assess amount of fluid retention
B.determine the seriousness of bladder infection
C.identify symptoms of renal tubular damage
D.serve as a guide for further insulin dosages
11. The nurse’s duty in preventing thrombosis in
patients includes ………………….
I. breathing exercise
II.early ambulation of patient
III.passive exercises of the legs
IV.providing enough rest for patient
A.I, II and III
B.I, II and IV
C.II, III and IV
D.I, II, III and IV
12. The airway clearance in a patient with upper
respiratory tract infection is facilitated by the
following EXCEPT:
A.administering prescribed digitalis
B.decreasing systemic hydration
C.humidifying inspired room air
D.postural drainage of the affected area
13. The nursing interventions that should be
implemented to obtain an intact skin in an elderly
stroke patient is to …………………………..
I. Change position 2 hourly
II.Encourage passive exercise
III.Ensure bed is dried all the time
IV.Monitor iv fluids as pescribed
A.I, II and III
B.I, II and IV
C.II, III and IV
• I, II, III and IV
14. To help a patient obtain maximum benefits
after postural drainage the nurse should
…………………
A.Administer prn oxygen
B.encourage the patient to cough deeply
C.encourage the patient to rest for 30 mins
D.place the patient in a sitting up position
15. The nurse’s responsibility is caring for a patient
with peritoneal dialysis includes all EXCEPT:
A.allowing the dialysate to remain in the peritoneal
cavity between 10-12 hours.
B.regulating the flow of 2 litres of dialysate
C.unclamp the fluid inflow and outflow tubes
simultaneously
D.warming the dialysate to body temperature before
instilling
16. Which of the following electrolytes would
be restricted in a patient on haemodialysis
A.calcium and phosphorus
B.chloride and Sulphur
C.iron and magnesium
D.sodium and potassium
17. One of the nursing interventions for a
dehydrated patient is to encourage fluid intake.
This means patient is given
…………………………
A.a glass of water after each meal
B.frequent small volumes of water
C.one glass of water every 2 hours
D.two glasses of water 3 times a day
18. The nurse would assess reduction of oedema
by using the following nursing intervention
EXCEPT:
A.assess the elasticity of skin turgor
B.measure abdominal girth using measuring tape
C.monitor intake and output of patient
D.weigh patient daily with same scale before
breakfast
19. Which of the following actions would indicate that a
naso-gastric tube is in the stomach?
I. ask patient to open his mouth to observe tube
II.aspirate stomach contents and test for PH
III.immerse free end of the tube in water and watch for
bubbles\
IV.introduce 10mls of water and observe patient’s reaction
A.I and III only
B.I, II and III
C.II, III and IV
D.I, II, III and IV
20. Which of these observations would make the
nurse suspect that a patient with duodenal ulcer
is bleeding
A.blood pressure falls below normal
B.passing malaena stools
C.pulse rate becomes slow and feeble
D.vomiting blood
21. Which of the following actions would the nurse
take before administration of a mixture through a
naso-gastric tube?
I. bring the liquid to room temperature
II.check the position of the tube
III.drain the tube of any aspirate
IV.flush the tube with 20 millilitres of water
A.I and II
B.I, II and III
C.II, III and IV
D.I, II, III and IV
22. Mr. Mainoo had a cerebrovascular accident
and was aphasic. His data would include
…………………
A.left sided hemiplegia
B.monoplegia
C.paraplegia
D.right sided hemiplegia
23. Nursing management of a patient with mild
exertional dypspnoea includes ……………………….
A.administering oxygen to patient before engaging in
any activity
B.encourage patient to walk slowly and with assistance
C.having the patient sit with the legs resting on a stool
D.promoting rest and spacing activities
24. Which of the following investigations would
assist in the diagnosis of typhoid fever?
A.blood for erythrocyte sedimentation rate and
urine for routine examination
B.Blood for urea and electrolyte and stool for
routine examination
C.stool and urine for culture and sensitivity test
D. Wassermann’s test, stool for culture and
sensitivity
25. A female bedridden patient has developed
intermittent incontinence of urine and faeces.
The nurse should teach the care giver to
…………………………
A.insert an indwelling catheter every 2 hours
B.limit patient’s fluid intake
C.place patient on bed pan 2 hourly
D.use a diaper or washable adult size napkin
26. Which of these observations will indicate
that a patient has stone lodged in the cystic duct?
A.burning pain and frequency of micturition
B.colicky pain after a fatty meal
C.jaundice, dark urine and clay coloured stools
D.melaena, haematuria and haematemesis
27. The nurse informs the patient of tuberculin test
which is positive. Which of the underlisted statements
indicates that the patient understands the test result?
A.“currently, I have no active tuberculosis”
B.“I have had complete healing of primary lesions”
C.“I have had previous exposure to tuberculosis”
D.“truly, I have immunity and cannot develop the
disease”
28. Mr. Doe has been diagnosed as having
increased intracranial pressure. His nursing care
activities would include all EXCEPT
………………………….
A.assisting him with isometric exercises
B.avoiding activities that interfere with venous
drainage from the head
C.use of cervical collar both day and night
D.teaching him to exhale when being turned
29. The basic cause of angina pectoris is
believed to be ……………………
A.dysrhymias triggered by stress
B.emboli found in the coronary vessels
C.insufficient coronary blood flow
D.spasms for the vessel walls due to excessive
secretion of adrenalin
30. The basic goal underlying dietary management of
gastritis is to ………………….
A.eliminate chemical, mechanical and thermal
irritation
B.increase the amount of bulk and roughage in the
diet
C.promote psychologic support by offering a wide
variety of foods
D.provide adequate amounts of all important nutrients
31. Which of the following is NOT a classical
symptom of type 1 diabetes?
A.polyuria
B.polydipsia
C.polyphagia
D.proteinuria
32. Which type of leukaemia is the most
common in young children?
A.acute lymphoblastic
B.acute myeloid
C.chronic lymphocytic
D.chronic myelogenous
33. The nurse would advise a patient with
nephrotic syndrome to avoid foods high in
…………….
A.carbohydrates
B.fats
C.protein
D.sodium
34. Which assessment technique would you use
when determining whether an underlying tissue
is filled with fluid?
A.auscultation
B.inspection
C.palpation
D.percussion
35. Which of these skills would be most useful
to the nurse in the assessment stage of the
nursing process?
A.clinical expertise
B.interpersonal communication
C.logical reasoning
D.problem solving skills
36. A patient with cholelithiasis experiences
discomfort after eating fatty foods because
……………..
A.bile flow into the intestine is obstructed
B.fatty foods are hard to digest
C.the liver is manufacturing inadequate bile
D.there is inadequate closure of the ampulla of
vater
37. The priority nursing diagnosis for a patient
with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia who is very
weak and cachetic would be
……………………..
A.fluid volume deficit
B.impaired gas exchange
C.pain related to oral lesions
D.potential of haemorrhage
38. One of the symptoms suggestive of
glomerulonephritis is ……………
A.a sweet odour from urine
B.concentrated, smoky coloured urine
C.frequency of micturition
D.pain on micturition
39. The most useful plan of care for a patient
suffering from right-sided hemiplegia is
………………
A.active exercise of all limbs 3 times daily
B.bilateral straight leg raising exercise
C.full range passive exercises 2 or 3 times daily
D.muscle strengthening exercise for the right
limb
40. The patient understands that insulin is
usually not taken by mouth because it
……………..
A.causes ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract
B.inhibits the action of pancreatic digestive
enzymes
C.is absorbed slowly in the gastrointestinal tract
D.is destroyed by gastric juice
41. Which of the following is most likely to put a
patient with cirrhosis of the liver at risk for
hepatic coma?
A.consumption of alcoholic beverages
B.diarrhea with tenesmus
C.gastrin
D.snail tract ulcers
42. Which of these actions is the most important
in preventing pressure sore?
A.regular change of position in bed
B.regular treatment of pressure areas
C.use of ripple mattress or air ring
D.use of pillow and bed cradles
43. Which of the following describes epilepsy?
A.emotionally based nervous instability
B.involuntary loss of consciousness
C.head injury or brain cell death
D.occasional irregular brain waves
44. When removing an indwelling catheter, the
first step to be taken is to …………………
A.clamp the catheter
B.deflate the balloon
C.irrigate the catheter
D.sterilize the catheter
45. How would you educate a female patient who
has developed signs of masculinity wiles on
medication for addision’s disease?
A.explain to her that it is a symptom of the disease
B.inform her that this is due to the therapy
C.reassure her the signs will disappear after the
therapy
D.teach her best ways to disguise the signs
46. Risk factors associated with aspiration pneumonia
include …………………..
I. delayed emptying of the stomach
II.nasogastric tube feeding
III.obesity
IV.unconsciousness
A.I, II and III
B.I, II and IV
C.II, III and IV
D.I, II, III and IV
47. Dyspnoea occurs in emphysema because of
…………………………..
A.infectious obstructions
B.loss of aerating surface of alveoli
C.pleural effusion
D.respiratory muscle paralysis
48. Significant nursing assessment data relevant to renal
function should include information on
…………………………
I. voiding disorders
II. patient’s occupation
III.presence of diabetes mellitus
IV.presence of hypertension
A. I, II and III
B. I, III and IV
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV
49. Which of the following observations would
indicate a rising intracranial pressure?
A.decreasing pulse rate, rising B/P, unequal pupils
B.decreasing pulse rate, rising respiratory rate,
unequal pupils
C.increasing B/P, decreasing respiratory rate, rigors
D.increasing respiratory rate, decreasing pulse, rigors
50. The dietary regimen that is most appropriate
for a patient with pyrexia is …………………
A.decreased calories and vitamins, increased
minerals
B.increased calories and fluids, reduced fat
C.increased protein and fluids, increased mineral
D.increased vitamins and minerals, reduced fats
51. Complications of prostatitis include
……………………...
I. epididymitis
II.pyelonephritis
III.urinary retention
IV.septicaemia
A.I and II only
B.II and III only
C.I, II and III only
D.I, II, III and IV
52. Which of these is TRUE of a patient
suffering from liver cirrhosis?
A.increased serum albumin
B.increased serum magnesium
C.normal prothrombin time
D.raised serum glutamic oxaloacetic
transaminase
53. Which of the following is the nurse likely to
observe in a patient with haemolytic jaundice?
A.fat in the stool
B.skin is hot and dry
C.stool is clay coloured
D.urine appears dark brown
54. Which of the following plans would assist in
the rehabilitation of a patient after a cerebro-
vascular accident?
A.Accept that independence existence is
impossible
B.encourage any attempts to assist in care
activities
C.keep working on skills until they are perfected
D.total nursing care for the first week
55. The main function of adipose tissue in fat
metabolism is synthesizing and
…………………
A.regulating cholesterol production
B.releasing glucose for energy
C.storing triglycerides for energy reserve
D.using lipoproteins for fat transport
56. While educating a patient with acute
pancreatitis the nurse should emphasize that the
condition is precipitated by
……………………………….
A.eating highly spiced foods
B.heavy drinking of alcohol
C.ingestion of animal fats
D.increased intake of glucose drinks
57. When a patient is having prolonged vomiting
the nurse should assess her for
……………………
A.acidosis
B.alkalosis
C.osmolarity
D.loss of energy
58. In assessing a patient with myxedema, the
nurse expects the skin to be
………………………
A.dry and flaky
B.flushed and dry
C.smooth and soft
D.warm and moist
59. Which of the following is often a childhood
history in valvular heart disease?
A.meningitis
B.poliomyelitis
C.rheumatic fever
D.scarlet fever
60. A patient with duodenal ulcer would
probably describe the associated pain as
………………………
A.ache radiation to the left side
B.generalized abdominal pain intensified by
moving
C.gnawing sensation relieved by food
D.intermittent colicky pain