Factors Affecting Solubility
and Rate of Dissolution
SOLUBILITY
● IT IS THE ABILITY OF A SUBSTANCE TO BE DISSOLVED
IN ANOTHER SUBSTANCE AT A SPECIFIC TEMPERATURE
AND PRESSURE.
● IT IS ALSO DEFINED AS THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF
SOLUTE THAT CAN BE DISSOLVED IN A GIVEN AMOUNT
OF SOLVENT AT A SPECIFIED TEMPERATURE AND
PRESSURE TO PRODUCE A SOLUTION IN EQUILIBRIUM.
● IT IS USUALLY EXPRESSED IN GRAMS OF SOLUTE PER
MILLILITERS OF SOLVENT.
MISCIBILITY
● Whenever two liquids are
mixed and the liquids do not
yield a solution, the liquid
substances are said to be
immiscible to one another.
● When the two liquids produced
a solution, they are said to be
miscible to one another.
water and oil: water and
immiscible alcohol: miscible
liquids liquids
GUIDED QUESTIONS:
• WHAT DID YOU OBSERVE FROM THE MIXTURE OF
COOKING OIL AND WATER?
• IS COOKING OIL AND WATER MISCIBLE OR IMMISCIBLE?
GUIDED QUESTIONS
• WHAT DID YOU OBSERVE FROM THE MIXTURE OF
RUBBING ALCOHOL AND WATER?
• IS RUBBING ALCOHOL AND WATER MISCIBLE OR
IMMISCIBLE?
FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
1.NATURE OF SOLUTE AND SOLVENT
• A SOLUTE CAN ONLY BE DISSOLVED IN A SOLVENT
WHEN THEY ARE “ALIKE”.
• “LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE”.
FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
2.Temperature
• The solubility of a solid and
liquid solute increases when
temperature is increased.
• The solubility of a gaseous
solute to a liquid solvent
decreases as temperature
increases.
temperatures affecting solubility
FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
2.Temperature
When heated, gas molecules
are given sufficient energy to
escape out of solution.
temperatures affecting solubility
FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
3.Pressure
• The effect of pressure is
only applicable for the
solubility of gases in
liquids.
• The higher the pressure
of a gas, the more soluble
it is.
pressure affecting solubility of
gases in liquids
RATE OF DISSOLUTION
the rate of dissolution is
defined as how fast a solute
dissolves in a given solvent
at a defined temperature.
the process of dissolving a
solute is called dissolution.
dissolving coffee in hot water
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF
DISSOLUTION
1.STIRRING
• STIRRING A SOLUTE WILL INCREASE ITS RATE OF
DISSOLUTION.
• WHEN YOU STIR, SOLUTE PARTICLES COME INTO
CLOSER CONTACT MORE OFTEN WITH SOLVENT
PARTICLES.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF
DISSOLUTION
2. SIZE OF THE SOLUTE PARTICLES
• THE SMALLER THE PARTICLES OF THE SOLUTE, THE
FASTER IT DISSOLVES IN THE SOLVENT. SMALL
PARTICLES PROVIDE LARGER SURFACE AREA FOR
CONTACT WITH THE SOLVENT.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF
DISSOLUTION
3.Temperature
• As temperature increases, the rate of dissolution of
solid and liquid solutes also increases.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF
DISSOLUTION
3. AMOUNT OF SOLUTE PRESENT IN SOLUTION
• WHEN YOU HAVE LITTLE AMOUNT OF SOLUTE IN THE
SOLUTION, IT IS EASIER TO DISSOLVE THE SAME
SOLUTE IN THE GIVEN SOLVENT
• HOWEVER, WHEN YOU HAVE A LOT OF SOLUTE
ALREADY PRESENT IN THE SOLVENT, DISSOLUTION
TAKES SLOWLY.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CASES WOULD
RESULT TO INCREASED RATE OF
DISSOLUTION?
a. Coffee powder was mixed with ice cold water.
b. Coffee was stirred vigorously upon mixing it with hot
water.
c. Frozen butter was directly added to the cooking oil to
mix.
d. Butter was melted first before mixing with cooking oil.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CASES WOULD
RESULT TO INCREASED RATE OF
DISSOLUTION?
a. COFFEE POWDER WAS MIXED WITH ICE COLD WATER.
b. COFFEE WAS STIRRED VIGOROUSLY UPON MIXING IT
WITH HOT WATER.
c. FROZEN BUTTER WAS DIRECTLY ADDED TO THE
COOKING OIL TO MIX.
d. BUTTER WAS MELTED FIRST BEFORE MIXING WITH
COOKING OIL.
IDENTIFY THE EFFECT OF THE FOLLOWING
FACTORS ON THE RATE OF DISSOLUTION. WRITE
INCREASE, DECREASE, OR NO EFFECT.
1. COCOA BARS ARE CHOPPED INTO SMALLER PIECES.
2. COFFEE GRANULES ARE STIRRED IN A CUP OF HOT
WATER.
3. SUGAR CUBES ARE USED INSTEAD OF POWDERED
TABLE SUGAR.
Determine the effect of the following conditions on the rate of
dissolution. Explain your answer.
