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المحاضره الاولي

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Arij M Mousa
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17 views28 pages

المحاضره الاولي

Uploaded by

Arij M Mousa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

Laboratory Management
Management:
The term "Management" and
"Administration".
Management Functions

Function is defined as a broad area of


responsibility composed of many activities aimed
at achieving a predetermined objective.
Functions of Management

1.Planning
2.Organizing
3.Staffing
4.Directing
5.Controlling-
The relationship between
function of Management:-

Two continuous functions of


management are:- Communication
Decision- Making
What is Quality?

• Ensuring accuracy, timeliness and


reliability of test results.
ISO - International Organization for Standard
ization

• Quality management standards to help


work more efficiently and reduce product
failures.
• Environmental management standards
to help reduce environmental impacts,
reduce waste and be more sustainable.
• Health and safety standards to help
reduce accidents in the workplace.
A laboratory occurrence and its
consequences
A 83 year old male was admitted to hospital with fever, weight loss and
cough being investigated for possible tumor. Sputum was reported to be
positive for tuberculosis, but on later review, found to be false positive
culture due to in-laboratory contamination. Further investigation found 14
additional patients with falsely positive TB culture
• Delay in correct diagnosis
• Unnecessary treatment
• Treatment complications.
• Pattern of other contaminations discovered
• Problem resolution required 6 months of investigation, contacting of more
than 200 patients, many requiring culture and X-Ray re-examination.
• Revision of laboratory procedures eradicated the problem.

Laboratory errors cost in time, energy, money


personnel and patient outcomes
Laboratory Quality
Management
Coordinated activities to direct
and control an organization
with regard to quality

ISO 9000:2000
The
Patient
Result Sample
Interpretation Collection

Path
Post- Report Sample Pre-
Examination Transport Of Transport Examinatio
Phase n
Workflow
Phase
Report Laboratory
Creation Analysis

Examination Phase
Why the Path of Workflow is essential
to consider in health laboratories

• A sample that is damaged or altered as a


result of improper collection, or without
consideration of the effects of transport will
always result in an inaccurate result.

• A medical report that is delayed, or lost, or


sent to the wrong clinician, or written in a
method that results in misinterpreted
negates all the time and energy and finances
that were spent in collecting, transporting
and performing the examination properly
There are many factors that influence
whether laboratory tests will be
performed accurately
Reagents
and in a timely manner.
and equipment
Quality
control
Knowledgeable
Laboratory Communications
staff
environment
Competent
staff

Process
Management

Records Occurrence
keeping Management
Twelve Quality
System Essentials
Organization Personnel Equipment

Quality system
Process
Purchasing Control Information essentials
(Quality
& Inventory Control &
Management
Specimen
Management) Set of coordinated
activities that function
Documents Occurrence
Assessment as building blocks for
& Records Management
quality management.

Process Customer Facilities &


Improvement Service Safety
Organization Personnel Equipment

Process
Purchasing Control Information
(Quality
& Inventory Control &
Management
Specimen
Management)

Path
Documents
of Workflow
Occurrence
Assessment
& Records Management

Process Customer Facilities &


Improvement Service Safety
The Laboratory shall be
legally identifiable
Name
Address
Medical Director
Contact Information
Telephone

Path of Workflow
Electronic

Patients know to Workers know Clinician know to


whom to to whom to whom to call
complain about complain about about late
inconvenience late salary reports
cheques
ABrief History of
Laboratory Quality
Management
Quality Management is not
new Walter Shewhart

W. Edwards Deming Joseph Juran

Robert Galvin Phillip Crosby


A Short History of Quality
Management
Innovator Date Cycle
Walter A Shewhart 1920’s Statistical Process Control

W Edwards Deming 1940’s Continual Improvement


Joseph Juran 1950’s Quality Toolbox

Phillip Crosby 1970’s Quality by Requirement

Robert Galvin 1980’s Micro Scale Error Reduction


Walter Shewhart

Statistical Process Control Chart


W. Edwards Deming

The Deming Cycle

PLAN DO

ACT CHECK
Joseph Juran

Juran Cost of Quality Curve


Joseph Juran

Juran Defect-Cost Curve (modified)

COSTS

DEFECTS
Philip Crosby

Absolutes of Quality

1. Quality is defined as conformance to


requirements, not as 'goodness' or 'elegance'.
2. The system for causing quality is prevention,
not appraisal.
3. The performance standard must be Zero
Defects, not "that's close enough".
Robert Galvin

DEFINE MEASURE

CONTROL
6∑
IMPROVE
ANALYSE

Six Sigma
Six Sigma
A modern tool Total Error Error Process
that blends Percent Sigma
statistical process 1,000,000 100,000 10% 2.78
control and 1,000,000 10,000 1% 3.83
structured project
1,000,000 5,000 0.5% 4.08
planning
1,000,000 1,000 0.1% 4.59
1,000,000 500 0.05% 4.79
1,000,000 100 0.01% 5.22
1,000,000 50 0.005% 5.39
1,000,000 10 0.001% 5.76
1,000,000 5 0.0005% 5.92
1,000,000 1 0.0001% 6.25
ISO and Medical Laboratory
Quality
• Quality and Competence
• Laboratory Safety
• Point of Care Testing
• Risk Management
Summary

• Quality management is not new.


• Quality management grew from the
good works of innovators who defined
quality over a spam of 80 years.
• Quality management is applicable for
the medical laboratory as it is for
manufacturing and industry.
Summary

Through the good works of organizations


including WHO, ISO, CLSI, and others…

Laboratories benefit
Health care benefits
Patients benefit

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