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Unit 8

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2 views

Unit 8

Uploaded by

reabetswemofokeng28
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Applications of Integration II

Learning Outcomes:
• Formulate and use the expressions for the lengths of curves to calculate the lengths of curves.
• Formulate, prove and use the expressions for the areas of surfaces of revolution to calculate the surfaces of the revolution.
Length of a curve

Definition:
A curve is smooth if it is given by and on the interval where and exist and are continuous on the interval

i.e A curve is smooth on the interval if it is continuous on and differentiable on . It is continuously differentiable.

Theorem:
a) If is a smooth curve on , then the arc length of the curve on is given by

b) If is a smooth curve on then the arc length on the curve on is given by


Idea/Context

We approximate the length of a curve by adding up lengths of linear segments between points on the curve.
Exercises

1. Find the length of the line segment on between and . Check your answer using the distance formula.
2. Calculate the arc length of the following:
2.1 on
2.2 on
2.3 on
3. Assume that and use the reduction formula for : to calculate the length of the curve from to .
Assume that and use the reduction formula for : to calculate the length of the curve from to .

Solution:

The definite integral cannot be computed over the interval [0,4] i.e not continuous.

Switch to the integral: The new limits are . The curve is expressed as .

Therefore
Using trig-substitution, let where . .
Thus
By using the reduction formula:
Area of the surface of revolution

When we rotate a curve about a line, we form a surface of revolution.


We will approximate the surface by using a number of bands (of a
cone).

Surface area of a band of a cone:


Theorem
a) Suppose that is a non-negative continuously differentiable function on with and . Then the area of the
surface of revolution produced when the curve is is rotated about the X-axis, is given by

Where and .

b) b) Suppose that is a non-negative continuously differentiable function on with and . Then the area of the
surface of revolution produced when the curve is is rotated about the Y-axis, is given by

Where and .
Exercises

1. Express the area of the surface of revolution for the curve . Do not evaluate the
integral.
a) Rotated about the X-axis
b) Rotated about the Y-axis.
2. Calculate the area of the surface by rotating the curve about the X-axis:
.
3. Find the area of the surface obtained by rotating the curve about the X-axis.:
.
4. The given curve is rotated about the Y-axis. Find the area of the resulting
surface.
.
1. a) and so

b) and so
Homework: Express the area of the surface for the above question in terms of x and
integrate with respect to dx.

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