WACHEMO UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering and Technology

Department of Electro-Mechanical Engineering

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

Compiled by Dagim Asegid (M.Sc. MEng.), Oct. 2023

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Introduction to CIM
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Manufacturing of a product

 Mass customization requires extremely high flexibility in the manufacturing system.

 To be competitive in the world wide Manufacturing industries strive to

 Reduce the cost of the product

 Improve the quality and performance levels

 On time delivery

 CIM has several software tools to address the above needs.

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Challenges in Manufacturing
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 Increase flexibility in manufacturing to achieve immediate and rapid response to:

 Product changes

 Process change

 Equipment change

 Change of personnel

 CIM technology is an enabling technology to meet the above challenges to the

manufacturing.
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Basic Definition

 Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM):-is the use of computer systems to

 Design the products

 Plan the production

 Control the operations, and

 Perform the various business-related functions needed in a manufacturing

firm.
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 Computer Aided Design (CAD): involves the use of computers to create design drawings

and product models.

 Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM): the use of a computer to generate the data

required to configure a production process, for example the parameters needed to set up NC

machines and robots.

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The Benefits of CIM
 Improved competitiveness
 Faster customer service
 Lower total cost
 Improve quality
 Greater long term profitability
 Shorter time to market with new product
 Increase manufacturing productivity
 Shorter flow time
 Decrease work in process inventory
 Reduces inventory levels

 Improved schedule performance

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Basic Elements of CIM
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Marketing

 Identifies customer need for a product and estimates the manufacturing costs.

 Specification of a product,

 Quantities and

 Strategy for marketing the product is decided by this department.

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Product Design

 Establishes the initial database for production of a proposed product.

 Based on product requirements and creativity of the designer:

 Geometric modeling and

 Computer aided design for a product is designed.

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Product Design

 The design process is constrained by the:

 Costs

 Available production equipment

 Processes

 The design process creates the database required to manufacture the part.
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Planning

 Takes the database established by the design department and enriches it with production data
and information to produce a plan for the production of the product.

 Involves several subsystems dealing with

 materials,

 facility, process, tools,

 manpower, capacity,

 scheduling,

 assembly, inspection, logistics etc.

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Planning

 In a CIM system, this planning process should be constrained by the

 production costs

 production equipment and

 process capability, in order to generate an optimized plan.

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Purchase

 Responsible for:

 placing the purchase orders and

 follow up, ensure quality in the production process of the vendor,

 arrange for inspection and supply

 Arrange timely delivery

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Manufacturing Engineering

 Is the activity of carrying out the production of the product.

 Responsible for:

 CNC programming,

 simulation and

 computer aided scheduling of the production activity

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Factory Automation Hardware

 Consists of:

 CNC, FMS,

 computer controlled robots,

 material handling systems,

 computer controlled assembly systems,

 flexibly automated inspection systems and so on.

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Warehousing

 Involves with storage and retrieval of:

 raw materials,

 components,

 finished goods as well as

 shipment of items.
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Finance

 Deals with the resources pertaining to money.

 Planning of investment, working capital, and cash flow control, realization of receipts,
accounting and allocation of funds are the major tasks of the finance departments.
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Information Management

 Involves:

 master production scheduling,

 database management,

 communication,

 manufacturing systems integration and

 management information systems.

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Skills Required for Using CIM

 Good understanding of the process involved.

 Ability to describe and define different computer integrated models.

 Ability to develop different solutions for same problem.

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Roles of Computers in Manufacturing (CAD/CAM/CAPP)

1. CAD (computer aided design )

 CAD is a process that uses computers to assist in the:

 creation,

 modification,

 analysis, or

 optimization of a product design.

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Roles of Computers in Manufacturing (CAD/CAM/CAPP)

1. CAD (computer aided design )

 Typical design activities involving a CAD system are preliminary;

 design,

 drafting,

 modeling and

 simulation.

 CAD system functions can be grouped in to three categories, which are : geometric modeling,
engineering analysis and automated drafting.
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Roles of Computers in Manufacturing (CAD/CAM/CAPP)

1. CAD (computer aided design )

 CAD system functions can be grouped in to three categories, which are :

 geometric modeling,

 engineering analysis and

 automated drafting.
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 Basic components of CAD system are the:

 hard ware,

 application software and

 operating system software.

Figure : Basic components of CAD

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 CAD packages are :-

 Auto-CAD,

 Pro-Engineer,

 Solid-Works,

 Uni-graphics,

 CATIA, Others…..
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2. (CAPP) Computer Aided Process Planning

 Traditional Process planning can be defined as the systematic determination of the detailed

methods by which work-pieces or parts can be manufactured economically and competitively

from initial stages (raw material form) to finished stages (desired form).
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The Inputs to Process Planning  The output of process planning is the
 Design data, process plan.
 Raw material data,  process plan sheet,
 Facilities data (machining data, tooling  operation sheet,
data, fixture data, etc.),  planning sheet,
 Quality requirements data, and  route plan, and
 Production type data  Part programming
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 Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP):- can be defined as the functions which use
computers to assist the work of process planners.

 CAPP a key factor in CAD/CAM integration because it is the link between CAD and CAM.
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Tasks of CAPP

 The first task is selection of raw materials.

 Based on the designed part , it determines the attributes of the raw workpiece, such as

 shape,

 size and

 materials.
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 The second task is determining

 manufacturing operations and their sequences,

 selecting machine tools, selecting tools, fixtures and

 inspection equipment's.

 The third task is determining manufacturing conditions and manufacturing times and this

condition will be used in optimizing manufacturing cost.

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 The third task is determining

 manufacturing conditions and

 manufacturing times and this condition will be used in optimizing

manufacturing cost.
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Advantages of CAPP

 It can reduce the skill required of a planner.

 It can reduce the process planning time.

 It can reduce both process planning and manufacturing cost.

 It can create more consistent plans.

 It can produce more accurate plans.

 It can increase productivity.

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3. Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

 CAM refers to the use of computers in converting engineering designs in to finished

products.

 In CAM, computer assist managers, manufacturing engineers and production workers by

automating many production tasks.

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3. Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

 Computers help to develop

 process plans,

 order and track materials, and

 monitor production schedules.

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 Before the NC code for numerical control machine centers can be generated, a number of
parameters regarding:

 machine tool specification,

 performance, computer numerical control system behavior and

 coding format should be determined first.

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 According to the above parameters;

 geometric dimensions,

 designed part specification,

 manufacturing method and

 operations will be selected.

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 Part dimension, tool motion track, cutting parameter and numerical control instruction are

generated in a program file which is called NC program that is used by the machine tool to

process automatically.
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Individual Assignment 1

1. Explain Computer-aided quality Assurance including online and off line inspections.

2. Explain about Data base management and computer networking including network topologies

in Computer Integrated Manufacturing.

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End Of Chapter One

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