SUBBASE AND

BASE
COURSE
200.1 DESCRIPTION
 This item shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting an aggregate
subbase course on a prepared subgrade in accordance with this
Specification and the lines, grades and cross-sections shown on the Plans,
or as directed by the Engineer.
200.2 MATERIAL
REQUIREMENTS
 Aggregate for subbase shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments
of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed or natural gravel and filler of
natural or crushed sand or other finely divided mineral matter. The
composite material shall be free from vegetable matter and lumps or balls
of clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to
form a firm, stable subbase.
TABLE 200.2 – GRADING
REQUIREMENTS
200.3
CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
200.3.1 PREPARATION OF
EXISTING SURFACE
 The existing surface shall be graded and finished as provided under Item
105, Subgrade Preparation, before placing the subbase material.
 200.3.2 PLACING
 The aggregate subbase material shall be placed at a uniform mixture on a prepared
subgrade in a quantity which will provide the required compacted thickness. The
aggregate subbase material shall be placed at a uniform mixture on a prepared
subgrade in a quantity which will provide the required compacted thickness. When
more than one layer is required, each layer shall be When more than one layer is
required, each layer shall be shaped and compacted before the succeeding layer is
placed. Shaped and compacted before the succeeding layer is placed.
 The placing of material shall begin at the point designated by the Engineer. Placing
shall be from vehicles especially equipped to distribute the material in a continuous
uniform layer or windrow. The layer or windrow shall be of such size that when spread
and compacted the finished layer be in reasonably close conformity to the nominal
thickness shown on the Plans. The placing of material shall begin at the point
designated by the Engineer. Placing shall be from vehicles especially equipped to
distribute the material in a continuous uniform layer or windrow. The layer or windrow
shall be of such size that when spread and compacted the finished layer be in
reasonably close conformity to the nominal thickness shown on the Plans.
200.3.2 PLACING
 When hauling is done over previously placed material, hauling
equipment shall be dispersed uniformly over the entire surface of the
previously constructed layer, to minimize rutting or uneven compaction.
200.3.3 SPREADING AND
COMPACTING
 When uniformly mixed, the mixture shall be spread to the plan
thickness, for compaction.
 Where the required thickness is 150 mm or less, the material may
be spread and compacted in one layer. Where the required thickness is
more than 150 mm, the aggregate subbase shall be spread and compacted
in two or more layers of approximately equal thickness, and the maximum
compacted thickness of any layer shall not exceed 150 mm. All subsequent
layers shall be spread and compacted in a similar manner.
 The moisture content of subbase material shall, if necessary, be
adjusted prior to compaction by watering with approved sprinklers
mounted on trucks or by drying out, as required in order to obtain the
required compaction.
200.3.3 SPREADING AND
COMPACTING
 Immediately following final spreading and smoothening, each layer shall
be compacted to the full width by means of approved compaction
equipment. Rolling shall progress gradually from the sides to the center,
parallel to the centerline of the road and shall continue until the whole
surface has been rolled. Any irregularities or depressions that develop shall
be corrected by loosening the material at these places and adding or
removing material until surface is smooth and uniform. Along curbs,
headers, and walls, and at all places not accessible to the roller, the
subbase material shall be compacted thoroughly with approved tampers or
compactors.
 If the layer of subbase material, or part thereof, does not conform to
the required finish, the Contractor shall, at his own expense, make the
necessary corrections
200.3.4 TRIAL SECTIONS
 Before subbase construction is started, the Contractor shall spread and compact
trial sections as directed by the Engineer. The purpose of the trial sections is to
check the suitability of the materials and the efficiency of the equipment and
construction method which is proposed to be used by the Contractor. Therefore, the
Contractor must use the same material, equipment and procedures that he
proposes to use for the main work. One trial section of about 500 m2 shall be made
for every type of material and/or construction equipment/procedure proposed for
use.
 After final compaction of each trial section, the Contractor shall carry out such field
density tests and other tests required as directed by the Engineer.
 If a trial section shows that the proposed materials, equipment or procedures in the
Engineer’s opinion are not suitable for subbase, the material shall be removed at
the Contractor’s expense, and a new trial section shall be constructed
 If the basic conditions regarding the type of material or procedure change during
the execution of the work, new trial sections shall be constructed.
200.3.5 TOLERANCES
 Aggregate subbase shall be spread with equipment that will provide
a uniform layer which when compacted will conform to the designed level
and transverse slopes as shown on the Plans. The allowable tolerances
shall be as specified hereunder:
200.4 METHOD OF
MEASUREMENT
 Aggregate Subbase Course will be measured by the cubic meter (m3). The
quantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place
as shown on the Plans, and accepted in the completed course. No
allowance will be given for materials placed outside the design limits
shown on the cross-sections. Trial sections shall not be measured
separately but shall be included in the quantity of subbase herein
measured.
200.5 BASIS OF PAYMENT
 The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 200.4, shall be
paid for at the contract unit price for Aggregate Subbase Course which
price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishings and placing all
materials, including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to
complete the work prescribed in this Item.
AGGREGATE
BASE COURSE
201.1 DESCRIPTION
 This Item shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting an
aggregate base course on a prepared subgrade/subbase in accordance
with this Specification and the lines, grades, thickness and typical cross
sections shown on the Plans, or as established by the Engineer.
201.2 MATERIAL
REQUIREMENTS
 Aggregate for base course shall consist of hard, durable particles
or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag or crushed or natural gravel
and filler of natural or crushed sand or other finely divided mineral matter.
The composite material shall be free from vegetable matter and lumps or
balls of clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily
to form a firm, stable base.
 In some areas where the conventional base course materials are scarce
or non-available, the use of 40% weathered limestone blended with 60%
crushed stones or gravel shall be allowed, provided that the blended
materials meet the requirements of this Item.
 The base course material shall conform to Table 201.1, whichever is
called for in the Bill of Quantities
TABLE 201.2 – GRADING
REQUIREMENTS
201.3
CONSTRUCTIO
N
REQUIREMENTS
201.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Preparation of Existing Surface Placing

 The existing surface shall be  It shall be in accordance with all

graded and finished as provided the requirements of Subsection
under Item 105, Subgrade 200.3.2, Placing. It shall be in
Preparation, before placing the accordance with all the
base material. requirements of Subsection
200.3.2, Placing.
201.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Spreading and Compacting Trial Sections

 It shall be in accordance with all  Trial sections shall conform in all

the requirements of Subsection respects to the requirements
200.3.3, Spreading and specified in Subsection 200.3.4.
Compacting. Trial sections shall conform in all
respects to the requirements
specified in Subsection 200.3.4.
201.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Tolerances Method of Measurement

 The aggregate base course shall  Aggregate Base Course will be

be laid to the designed level measured by the cubic meter (m3).
and transverse slopes shown on The quantity to be paid for shall be
the Plans. The allowable the design volume compacted in-
tolerances shall be in accordance place as shown on the Plans, and
accepted in the completed base
with following: course. No allowance shall be given
for materials placed outside the
design limits shown on the cross-
sections. Trial sections shall not be
measured separately but shall be
included in the quantity of aggregate
base course.
201.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Basis of Payment

 The accepted quantities,

measured as prescribed in
Section 201.4, shall be paid for at
the contract unit price for
Aggregate Base Course which
price and payment shall be full
compensation for furnishing and
placing all materials, including all
labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete
the work prescribed in this Item.
CRUSHED
AGGREGATE
BASE COURSE
202.1 DESCRIPTION
 This Item shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting crushed
gravel, crushed stone or crushed rock on a prepared subgrade/subbase in
one or more layers in accordance with this Specification and lines, grades,
thickness and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans or as established
by the Engineer.
202.2 MATERIAL
REQUIREMENTS
 I t shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of stone or gravel
crushed to the size and of the quality requirements of this Item. It shall be
clean and free from vegetable matters, l umps or balls of clay and other
deleterious substances. The material shall be of such nature that it can be
compacted readily to form a firm, stable base
202.3
CONSTRUCTIO
N
REQUIREMENTS
202.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Preparation of Existing Surface Placing

 The existing surface shall be  The aggregate subbase material

graded and finished as provided must be uniformly placed on a
under Item 105, Subgrade prepared subgrade to achieve the
Preparation, before placing the required compacted thickness.
base material. When multiple layers are needed,
each layer must be shaped and
compacted before the next. The
placement should begin at a
designated point and be done
using vehicles equipped for
uniform distribution.
202.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Spreading and Compacting Trial Sections

 The mixture of materials must be  Before subbase construction, the

spread and compacted to the Contractor must conduct trial
required thickness, with the sections to assess material
moisture content adjusted if suitability and efficiency. Each
needed. The material should be section should be 500 m2. If not
rolled to the full width, with suitable, materials must be
irregularities corrected and removed and new trial sections
compacted thoroughly. The constructed
contractor must make necessary
corrections if the material does
not conform to the required finish.
202.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT BASIS OF PAYMENT
 Crushed Aggregate Base Course will  The accepted quantities,
be measured by the cubic meter measured as prescribed in
(m3 ). The quantity to be paid for shall Section 202.4, shall be paid for at
be the design volume compacted in- the contract unit price for
place as shown on the Plans, and Crushed Aggregate Base Course
accepted in the completed course. No
allowance shall be given for materials
which price and payment shall be
placed outside the design limits full compensation for furnishing
shown on the cross? Sections. Trial and placing all materials,
sections shall not be measured including all labor, equipment,
separately but shall be included in the tools and incidentals necessary to
quantity of crushed aggregate base complete the work prescribed in
course. this Item.
LIME STABILIZED
ROAD MIX BASE
COURSE
203.1 DESCRIPTION
 This Item shall consist of a foundation for surface course composed of soil
aggregate, lime and water i n proper proportions, road-mixed and
constructed on a prepared subgrade/subbase in accordance with this
Specification and the lines, grades and typical cross-sections shown on the
Plans or established by the Engineer.
203.2 MATERIAL
REQUIREMENTS
 Salvaged Soil-Aggregate
- The Contractor is not responsible for grading or quality of pre-existing soil-
aggregate, except for oversized removal as directed by the Engineer, and
typically meets Subsection 203.2.1 Soil Aggregate requirements.
 Hydrated Lime

- I t shall conform to the requirements of Item 701, Construction Lime.

 Water

- I t shall conform to the requirements of Item 714, Water.

 Proportioning of Mixture

- The Engineer will determine the percentage of lime to be added to the soil-
aggregate, based on preliminary laboratory tests and trial mixes of supplied
materials.
203.3
CONSTRUCTIO
N
REQUIREMENTS
203.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Weather Limitations Construction Equipment

 Lime should not be applied during  The Contractor will use various
windy, rainy, or bad weather. If equipment for the project,
rain occurs, work must be including a slurry lime distributor,
stopped immediately and the which will be in good condition,
entire section reconstructed approved by the Engineer, and
according to the Specification provided with experienced
operators. The equipment will be
used for various tasks, including
scarifying, pulverizing, mixing,
and hauling.
203.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Preparation of Soil-Aggregate
 Case 1 (New Soil-Aggregate)  Case 2 (Salvaged Soil-Aggregate)
- To use new soil-aggregate, scarify - To mix existing roadbed material,
and blade the existing roadbed to lightly scarify and blade the surface
uniform grade and cross-section. Fill to uniform grade and cross-section.
depressions and strengthen weak Scarify again to depth ordered by
areas with new soil-aggregate. Allow a
the Engineer, leaving undisturbed
day for measurement, sampling, and
testing before applying hydrated lime. material parallel to the finished
If soil-aggregate moisture exceeds 2 surface. Loosened materials are
percent, turn it or aerate until reduced bladed aside.
to 2 percent or less. Spread evenly
over road surface.
203.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Application of Lime Mixing

 Hydrated lime should be  After lime application, the mixture

uniformly spread using dry or is windrowed on the road surface
slurry methods, with mixing and mixed until uniform. Care is
equipment following after each taken to avoid cutting into the
application. Dry application underlying course. If the mixture
should be avoided in windy has excess or uneven distribution,
conditions. If lime slurry is used, it's corrected. After each day's
preparation facilities must be work, loose materials are bladed
approved. into a windrow.
203.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Spreading, Compacting and Protection, Curing and
Finishing Maintenance
 The material is spread using a  The contractor must protect the
self-propelled pneumatic-tire lime-stabilized base course from
blade grader or mechanical rapid drying for at least five days
spreader, avoiding cutting into using various curing methods,
the underlying course. The including water, earth or sand,
surface is then rolled parallel to asphalt membrane, or liquid
the road center line, filling ruts membrane curing compound.
and removing irregularities. The They must maintain the work at
mixture is compacted in two their own expense and repair
layers, with a field density of at defects as needed.
least 100%.
203.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Trial Sections Tolerances

 Trial sections of the stabilized  The stabilized base course shall

base shall be constructed at least be laid to the designed level and
2 weeks before actual base transverse slopes shown on the
construction. Before subbase Plans.
construction, the Contractor must
conduct trial sections to assess
material suitability and efficiency.
Each section should be 500 m2. If
not suitable, materials must be
removed and new trial sections
constructed.
203.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Traffic Method of Measurement

 The contractor is prohibited from  Lime Stabilized Road Mix base Course
driving heavy equipment over will be measured by the cubic meter
completed portions before the (m3 ). The quantity to be paid for
five-day curing period, except shall be the design volume
pneumatic-tired equipment for compacted in place as shown on the
Plans, and accepted in the completed
adjoining sections, and turning course. No allowance shall be given
areas must be protected with for materials placed outside the
stable granular materials. design limits shown on the cross-
sections. Trial sections shall not be
measured separately but shall be
included in the quantity of lime
stabilized road mix base course.
203.3 CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS
Basis of Payment

 The contract unit price for Lime

Stabilized Road Mix Base Course
will cover all materials, labor,
equipment, tools, and incidentals
required to complete the work as
prescribed in Section 203.4.
THANK YOU