If Conditional

If I become rich, I wil be happy.

 Conditional Sentence
• Secara sederhana, conditional sentence merupakan
kalimat majemuk yang berisikan kondisi mengenai sebuah
pengandaian, imajinasi, atau suatu kejadian yang belum
terjadi
• Dalam kalimat Bahasa Inggris, kalimat pengandaian ini
diawali dengan ‘if’ sebagai penanda bahwa kondisinya
memang belum terjadi.
• Bentuk conditional sentence adalah “If-clause + main
clause.” Jika kamu perhatikan, if-clause merupakan bagian
dari kalimat pengandaiannya.
• Sedangkan main clause, biasanya berisi konsekuensi atau
akibat dari kondisi pengandaian sebelumnya.
 If I go to London, I will
see The Big Ben

If I go to Buckingham Palace, I can

take a photo of the Royal Guard.
 Types of Conditional Sentence

Type 0 Type 1
01 Use for general truth
02 Possible condition

Type 2 Type 3
03 Unreal possibility
04 Impossible condition
 01
If conditional
type 0
Zero conditional
 Zero Conditional

Function Form
If + present simple, +
Use for scientific / present simple
general truth If + Past tense+Past
tense
 If you heat the
butter, it
melts.
• If I have time, I study
English.
• Years ago, if people
travelled a long distance, the
journey took days.

 “If” may be replaced by “when”.

 Exercise..

Rains get
1. If it ……………… (rain), the streets ……………… (get) wet.
2. My mother …………………. gets Don’t do
( get) angry when I …………………….. (not
do) my homework every day.
run get
3. If you ……………….. (run) too fast, you …………………… (get) really
exhausted.
cries
4. My little sister always ……………… is
(cry) when she ………………….
(be) hungry.
Don’t drink
5. If you …………………. (not drink) enough water, youbecome …………….
(become) dehydrated.
 If Conditional
02 type 1

It is possible and also very likely that the

condition will be fulfilled.
 Type 1
If + simple present, S + will (Future tense)
If I find her address, I will send her an invitation.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

If + simple present, S + can, may, must + V1

If it is hot today, we may go swimming.
If you go to supermarket, you can buy some bread.

If + simple present, an imperative

If you see her, don’t tell her I was here.
If you feel tired, get some rest.
 Type 1

The first conditional is used to talk about things which are possible in
the present or the future -- things which may happen:

Example Explanation

If it's sunny, we'll go to the park. Maybe it will be sunny -- that's possible.

Paula will be sad if Juan leaves. Maybe Juan will leave -- that's possible.

If you cook the supper, I'll wash the Maybe you will cook the supper -- that's
dishes. possible.
Don’t be lazy if you want to be
successful.
 Exercise
1. If I ………………… (go) out tonight, I ………………. (go)
go Will go
to the cinema.
2. If you ……………… (get) back late, I ………………. (be)
Will be
angry. get
3. If we ………………… (not/see) each other tomorrow,
Don’t see
we …………….. (see) each other next week.
4. If he ……………… (come), I …………………. (be)
Will see

surprised.comes Will be
wait
5. If we ……….......... (wait) here, we …………………
Will be (be)
late. Doesn’t improve

6. IfWon’t
thehaveweather …………………. (not/improve), we
…………………. (not/have) a panic.
 03
If Conditional
type 2
There is an unreal possibility that the
condition will happen
Second conditional: Unreal
situation

The mountain-biker says: Be prepared for

some hard work. If the training was easy, it
wouldn't make you faster.

We use the second conditional when we think

something is unreal or unlikely. Does he think
the training will ever be easy?
 Type 2
If + simple past, S + Would (past future)

If you did your homework more often, your teacher wouldn’t get angry with you.
If I were you, I wouldn’t buy this expensive coat.
If I lived in a big city, I would go out more often.
If I lived in a big city, I wouldn’t need a car.
If + simple past, S + might, could
If they left early, they might get to the theatre on time.
If the rain stopped, I could go home immediately.
Would + verb if + past simple.
1. I’d go out more often if I lived in a big city.

2. I wouldn’t need a car if I lived in a big city.

As an alternative to would, we can complete the second part of a second

conditional sentence with could. For example,

• If we lived in the city we could use the public transport.

An exception about the verb ‘to be’

When we use the verb ‘to be’ in the second conditional, the past form is always were and not
was for the subjects I, he, she and it. For example,

• If I were rich, I’d spend all my time travelling.

• If he were my boss, I’d look for another job.

• If it weren’t so cold, we could go for a walk.

Nowadays you can often hear young native speakers use was instead of were, especially in an
informal context. But the correct form is were.
 Understanding the second
conditional
It can be tricky to understand when it’s right to use the second conditional instead of the first.
I think it helps to remember that we normally use the second conditional when we talk about
imaginary situations, dreaming about possible situations and how we would act consequently.
For example,

• If we were rich, we could buy a big house near the sea.

• What would you do if your company offered you a promotion in another country?

• He wouldn’t come to the party even if we invited him.

• Here are some other examples of the second conditional:

• If she studied harder she’d pass her exams easily.

• What would you do if you won a lot of money?

 Polite requests

We also use the second conditional to make very polite requests. For example,

• Would you mind if I used your computer?

• Would it be ok if we sat here?

• Would it bother you if I closed the window?

 Exercise

1. What ___ you do if you didn’t have to work? (would/will/do)

2. If I didn’t work, ____ my time doing my hobbies. (I spend/I’ll spend/I’d spend)
3. I would read more if ___ so tired in the evening. (I’m not/I won’t be/ I weren’t)
4. If ___ more space, we could grow a vegetable garden. (We’d have/we have/we had)
5. We’d be healthier if ___ our own food. (we eated/we did eat/we ate)
6. The kids ___ pizza every day if we let them. (would eat/ didn’t eat/ate)
7. ___ you mind if I borrowed some sugar? (will/wouldn’t /would)
 If conditional
04 type 3

Impossible situation
 Type 3

The third conditional is used to express the past

consequence of an unrealistic action or situation
in the past. We often use the third conditional to
express regrets – describing things we
For example, are sorry happened or didn’t happen.
If he had studied harder, he would have passed For example,
the exam.
• If my alarm had gone off, I wouldn’t
The first action (studying hard) did not happen. have been late to work.
But in the case that he happened, the • If there hadn’t been so much traffic
consequence was passing the exam. The third we wouldn’t have missed our flight.
conditional is very similar to the second
conditional. But while the second conditional
refers to something unrealistic now or in the
future, the third conditional refers to something
unrealistic in the past.
 Type 3
It refers to the past time, so that both the condition and
result are impossible now.

If + Past perfect, S + would have + Past Participle V3

If it hadn’t been sunny, I wouldn’t have got sunburn.
We would have come yesterday if we had known about it.

If + Past perfect, S + could/might/should have + P.P V3

If I had waited longer last night, I might have found out about it.
If I had gone to the supermarket I could have bought some bread.
Here are some other examples of the third conditional:

1. He’d have got the job if he hadn’t been so nervous in the interview.
2. What would you have done if you’d been me?
3. If it hadn’t been snowing heavily, we’d have carried on skiing.
4. The company would have survived if there hadn’t been a recession.
5. Would you have accepted the offer if we’d reduced the price?
6. If you hadn’t invited me out, I’d have stayed in all day.
 Other Conditionals
unless (if … not), in case, provided/providing
(that), as/so long as.

Examples:
- I´ll go swimming tomorrow unless it rains.
- You can play with your friends in your room
provided that you tidy up afterwards.
- I´ll help you as long as you come with me to
the cinema.
- I´ll take my umbrella with me in case it rains.
 Mixed Conditional
→ If-clauses can be mixed provided that they make sense
within a context.
→ Examples:
- If they were studying all morning, they will be tired
now.
(they were studying so they are tired now.)
- If I were faster, I would have won the race.
(I´m not fast so I didn´t win the race.)
- If she had saved her money, she would go on
holiday
(she didn´t save her money so she won´t go on holiday.)
 If you
dream it,
you can
do it.
THANKS!
Do you have any
questions?
[email protected]
+91 620 421 838
yourcompany.com
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