A COURSE MODULE FOR

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM I (NSTP I)

RAPHAEL M. FERRER
ATTY. ERIC PAUL D. PERALTA
HERALD IAN C. GUIWA
EUGENE RAYMOND P. CRUDO
 COPYRIGHT
This is an exclusive and copyrighted property of REX Book Store, Inc. All rights
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 LESSON 8:

Drug Education

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Lesson Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
1. explain the nature of drugs and their various kinds
and effects;
2. enumerate and discuss the relevant Philippine laws
on dangerous drugs;
3. apply the points of learning gained in drug
awareness and prevention to their lives as students
and as members of their families and communities;

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4. explain the concepts of drug addiction, detection,
and prevention; and
5. apply the points of learning gained on this lesson as
they become better advocates for drug prevention.

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Lesson Key Concepts and
Examples

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Lesson 8.1: General Orientation
on the Nature of Drugs and on
Drug-Related Laws
What Are Drugs?
 Drugs are chemicals that alter an individual’s
physical, psychological, and behavioral functions.
More specifically, “dangerous drugs” are drugs that
contain chemicals that can cause drug addiction and
may lead to drug abuse. They are extremely unsafe
for people to use.
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What Is Drug Abuse?
• Drug abuse is the legal or illegal use of chemicals
that may cause impairment in the physical,
psychological, or behavioral functioning of
individuals. This may be characterized by:
• using drugs without a doctor’s prescription;

• using drugs for a purpose other than the doctor’s

prescription; and
• using drugs for nonmedical purposes.

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Two Forms of Drug Dependence:
Drug Addiction vs. Drug
Habituation
• Drug Addiction refers to the psycho-behavioral
condition where an individual’s need to obtain and
use (especially self-administered) drugs becomes a
strong fixation.

• Drug Habituation is merely a psychical craving

for the drug with little or no tendency to increase
drug dosage.

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Relevant Facts on Drug
Abuse in the Philippines
According to statistics, around 1.8 million people use
dangerous drugs in the Philippines, while 4.8 million
Filipinos have used dangerous drugs at one point in
their lives. Based on the latter figure, 91% of these
are adults, 87% are males, 80% have high school
education, and 67% are employed.
Methamphetamine, also called “poor man’s cocaine”
or shabu, is the most commonly used illegal drug in
the country (DDB, 2020).
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Drug Classifications
Classificati Subcateg Characteristics Negative
on ory Effects
Narcotic Heroin Heroin is a drug created The negative
analgesics from the plant opium effects of heroin
poppy and its families. It are depression,
relieves pain, induces irrational
euphoria, and creates thinking, slow
mood changes in the thought
user. Some examples of process, and
heroin are opium, delirium.
morphine, and fentanyl.

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Drug Classifications
Classificati Subcategor Characteristics Negative
on y Effects
Central Barbiturates These are drugs that Overdose of
nervous have sedative-hypnotic these drugs can
system effects. They lower alter mood,
(CNS) down the operations of induce coma,
depressants the brain and the body. and lead to
They are commonly confusion and
used to induce sleep. disorientation.

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Drug Classifications
Classificati Subcatego Characteristics Negative
on ry Effects
CNS Amphetamin These are synthetic stimulants The negative
stimulants es that cause increased energy and effects of these
sensitivity to stimulation. drugs are
Although some types are legally aggressiveness,
prescribed by doctors, illegal
irregular
possession of amphetamines is a
crime. Methamphetamine, also breathing,
known as “crystal, meth, or hallucination,
shabu,” is an example. nausea, seizures,
and confusion.

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Drug Classifications
Classificat Subcategor Characteristics Negative
ion y Effects
CNS Cocaine Cocaine is a stimulant Negative
stimulants drug acquired from coca effects include
plants. It boosts alertness increased
and gives the illusion of anxiety,
having increased physical paranoia, and
skills, athletic agitation.
performance, and
sexuality.

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Drug Classifications
Classificati Subcategor Characteristics Negative Effects
on y
Hallucinoge Lysergic acid LSD is a drug that The negative
ns diethylamide causes such effect as effects of LSD are
(LSD) seeing and hearing extreme fear,
things that seem real anxiety,
but are actually not. depression, panic,
This is also known as and psychotic
“acid.” episodes.

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Drug Classifications
Classificati Subcategor Characteristics Negative Effects
on y
Hallucinoge Phencyclidin Originally developed Negative effects
ns e (PCP) as an anesthetic, this include aggression,
drug has the effect of paranoia, feelings
mind alteration and of isolation,
the feeling of being increased heart
detached from one’s rate, and jerky eye
body. This is also movements.
known as “angel dust.”

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Drug Classifications
Classificati Subcateg Characteristics Negative Effects
on ory
Hallucinoge Cannabis This is derived from the The negative
ns plant cannabis. It contains effects of
mind-altering compounds cannabis are
that affect the brain and the impaired
body. It is also known as
judgment,
marijuana, ganja, or hemp.
In some countries, cannabis
confusion,
is already legalized for paranoia, and
medicinal and recreational detachment from
purposes. reality.

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Drug Classifications
Classificati Subcateg Characteristics Negative Effects
on ory
Others Inhalants These include a wide Some of their
variety of breathable negative effects
substances that produce are hypoxia or a
mind-altering effects. lack of oxygen,
Some of their common
pneumonia,
street names are toluene,
plastic cement, paint,
cardiac failure,
gasoline, paint thinners, liver and kidney
hair sprays, and various damage,
anesthetic gases. Parkinson’s
disease, and death
(Obembe, 2012;
WWW.REX.COM.PH Fields,8:2017).
LESSON DRUG EDUCATION
RA 9165 and Other Laws on
Drugs
 Republic Act No. 9165, otherwise known as the
“Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of
2002,” is the primary law that protects Filipino
citizens from the perilous effects of drugs to the
body and mind.

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RA 9165 and Other Laws on
Drugs
 RA 9165 amended the implementing rules and
regulations of R epubl i c Act No. 6425 or “The
Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972.” The other
pertinent laws on drugs are Executive Order No.
218 (Strengthening the Support Mechanism for the
Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency) and Republic
Act No. 10640 (An Act to Further Strengthen the
Anti-Drug Campaign of the Government).

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Lesson 8.2: Drug Addiction,
Detection, and Prevention
What Is Drug Addiction?
 Drug addiction refers to the uninhibited
behavioral tendency to use dangerous
drugs despite knowledge of their capacity
to cause physical, relational, and economic
problems (Wilson & Kolander, 2003).

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What Is Drug Abuse?
Drug abuse symptoms depend on the drug to which
the user has been exposed. Here are the common
consequences experienced by drug users:
1. looking or longing for the drug on a regular basis;
2. wasteful spending to purchase more drugs, which
may lead to serious economic problems;

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What Is Drug Abuse?
3. manifesting the inability to perform roles and
responsibilities in school, work, family, and
community;
4. committing other crimes to supplement the drug
addiction; and
5. experiencing withdrawal symptoms (Burke,
O'Sullivan, & Vaughan, 2005).

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Causes and Risk Factors of
Drug Abuse
Causes. The main factors related to drug abuse are:
• Environment – comprises influences found in the
surroundings. These influences may include culture,
education, and socialization. These may also include social
relationships with family, peers, and coworkers.

• Genetics – refers to hereditary factors. Some genetic

factors may interact with the drug, causing the user to get
addicted more quickly.
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Causes and Risk Factors of
Drug Abuse
Risk Factors. Certain specific factors can also affect the
likelihood and rate of developing drug addiction. These
include:
• history of addiction in the family;
• mental health problems;
• peer influence;
• low family interactions;
• early exposure; and
• level of drug’s addictiveness (Miller, 2013).
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Prevention Interventions
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental
Health Services Administration (US) and Office
of the Surgeon General (US) (2016), there are
three (3) types of drug prevention interventions:
Universal, Selective, and Indicated.

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Prevention Interventions
1. Universal interventions are varied forms of
assistance provided to the general population.
These are aimed at all people experiencing
problems with dangerous drugs. These are very
broad and unspecific in terms of services and
messages (NRCIM, 2009).

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Prevention Interventions
2. Selective interventions are for specific
subgroups who are extremely at risk for
addiction and physical injuries due to
dangerous drugs (Rutter et al., 2015).

3. Indicated interventions are for persons

who are already using or are addicted to
dangerous drugs. These programs are
rigorous and cost a lot of money (Lee et al.,
2012).
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Lesson Activities and/or Practice
Exercises

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Perform the following:

1. Work with a predetermined group.

2. Examine the salient provisions of RA 9165 as previously

discussed. You may use library and/or internet resources
to obtain a copy of RA 9165 and its salient provisions.

3. From its details, choose five (5) provisions that you find
most useful.

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4. List five (5) reasons why you consider these
provisions essential to address the persisting
problem of dangerous drugs in the country.

5. Present the results of your research and your

output to the class.

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 Concluding Slides

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 • Dangerous drugs are chemicals that are highly
addictive and harmful to people.

• Drug abuse is the use of any chemical substance,

legal or illegal, which results to an individual’s
physiological, mental, or social impairment.

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 • The common classifications of dangerous drugs
are narcotics, depressants, stimulants,
hallucinogens, and inhalants.

• RA 9165 or “The Comprehensive Dangerous

Drugs Act of 2002” is the primary law that protects
Filipino citizens from the perilous effects of drugs
to the body and the brain.

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• Drug addiction refers to the uninhibited
compulsion to use dangerous drugs.

• The main factors related to drug abuse are

environment and genetics.

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 • Other risk factors related to drug abuse are the
following: family history of addiction, mental
health disorders, peer pressure, lack of family
involvement, early use, and exposure to a highly
addictive drug.

• The three types of drug prevention interventions

are universal, selective, and indicated.

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Reference
Ferrer, Raphael M., Peralta, Eric Paul D., Guiwa, Herald Ian C., and Crudo, Eugene
Raymond P. A Course Module for National Service Training Program I (NSTP I). Metro
Manila, Philippines: REX Book Store, Inc., 2023.

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