Scribd
Upload
21 views16 pages

Unit - 6

mechanical engineering deploma 3rd year notes

Uploaded by

yashnawale66
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views16 pages

Unit - 6

mechanical engineering deploma 3rd year notes

Uploaded by

yashnawale66
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

UNIT 6

Economic Analysis of Power Plants


(12 Marks)
Prepared by – Mr.D.R.DEOKAR

CO - Estimate Economic parameters of Power Plants.


Prediction Of Load And Its Necessity
Installation of a power plant in a particular region depends upon the
maximum demand of power for particular region.

1. Statistical Method:
In this method, the maximum demand for a year is collected for the past
several years.
Depending on the data available, the expected future load can be
approximated.

2. Field Survey Method:


In this method, the existing requirement for different needs such as
industrial, agricultural, municipal and residential area are
determined and the future load requirements are decided considering
various factors such as population growth, living standard of future,
climatic condition, industrial development
Factors Affecting Choice of a Power Plant
For Electricity Generation
1. Type of fuel available.
2. Fuel transportation cost.
3.Requirement and cost of land and cost
of foundation.
4. Cost of equipment for transmission of energy.
5. Availability of cooling water.
6. Type of load.
7. Site of power plant.
8. Generating unit.
9. Number of generating units.
Different Terms Used In Economic Analysis
Of Power Plant
Different Terms Used In Economic Analysis
Of Power Plant
1. Connected load
Heater premises = 60 + 500 + 60 + 60 + 60 (500 W) (60 W) +500 +
100 + 60 = 1400 Watts.
2. Demand:
Demand is expressed in kilowatts (kW), kilovolt amperes (kVA),
amperes (A) or other suitable units.
3. Maximum demand:
4. Demand factor:
Demand factor is defined as "the ratio of maximum demand to
connected load."
5. Average load
Average load = Area under load curve/24
= Energy consumed in 24 hrs/24
…..in kWh
6. Load factor (F):
Load factor (F):= Average load/Maximum demand or
Maximum load or Peak Load.
Load factor (F):= Total energy consumption in 24 hrs
/Maximum demand or load x 24
7. Diversity factor:
Diversity factor =Sum of individual maximum demands/
Simultaneous maximum demand
8. Plant capacity factor:
Capacity factor= Average load x t / Plant capacity x t
= Peak load x Load factor / Plant capacity
9. Plant use factor:
the ratio of energy produced in given time to maximum possible energy
that could have been produced during the actual number of hours of
operation."
Plant use factor = Annual energy produced/ Capacity of plant
X No. of hours the plant is in operation during
the year

10. Utilization factor


the ratio of the maximum generator demand to the generator
capacity.
Utilization factor = Maximum generator demand /
Generator capacity.
COST ANALYSIS
The two basic categories of cost are,
(A) Fixed cost and (B) Operating cost.
(A) Fixed Cost:
Fixed cost is usually incurred only once during the life of plant.
1. Cost of power plant.
i) Purchase of land,
ii) Purchase of machinery & equipment and their installation.
iii) Engineering and architectural fee of that project.
2. Capital cost of Primary distribution system.
i) Cost of construction of transmission line.
ii) Cost of construction of substation .
3. Interest, Taxes and Insurance:
i) Interest on capital cost.
ii)Taxes.
iii)Insurance
4. Depreciation

5. Managerial cost:
B) Operating Cost / Variable Cost:
Operating cost means the expenditure incurred for operating the
power plant to produce electrical energy.
1. Cost of fuel (except the case of hydroelectric power plant):
2. Cost of salaries and wages:
3. Cost of maintenance and repair:
4. Operating taxes
UNIT ENERGY COST
Unit energy cost = Annual fixed charges/ kW rating of plant
+ Annual running charges/ Power generated in kWh Unit
energy cost = A/kW + B/kWh
METHODS TO REDUCE POWER
GENERATION COST
1. By using a plant of simple design, which does not need
highly skilled personnel/labour.
2. By selecting equipment's of proper capacities.
3.By selecting equipment's having longer life and
requiring minimum maintenance cost over the whole life.
4.By carrying out proper maintenance of equipment's to avoid
plant breakdowns.
5. By running the power plant/stations at high load factors.
6. By increasing the efficiency of power plant.
7.By supervising the plant operations carefully, which
ensures few breakdowns and extended plant life.
THANK YOU

You might also like