ORGANIZATIONAL
LEADERSHIP
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this chapter, you should be able to:
• explain what organizational leadership is;
• distinguish between leadership and management;
• describe different organizational leadership styles;
• explain what situational leadership, servant leadership are and;
• discuss how to sustain change in organization.
ORGANIZATIONAL
LEADERSHIP
• In organizational leadership, leaders help set strategic goals
for the organization while motivating individuals within the
organization to successfully carry out assignments in order
to realize those goals.
• In the school setting, the school leader helps set the
goals/targets for the school and motivates teachers, parents,
learners, non-teaching personnel and other members of the
community to do their task to realize the school goals.
LEADERSHIP VS MANAGEMENT
School Head Must be Both a Leader and a Manager
Leadership function - A school head leads the school and
community to formulate the vision, mission, goals, and school
improvement plan.
Management function - She/he sees to it that this plan gets well
implemented on time and so ensures that the resources needed
are there, the persons to do the job are qualified and available.
• Managers vs Leaders
Managers Leaders
Administer Innovate
Their process is transactional; meet Their process is transformational: develop a
objectives and delegate tasks. vision and find a way forward.
Work Focused People Focused
The goal is to get things done. They are The goal include both people and results.
skilled at allocating work. They care about you and want you to
succeed.
Have Subordinates Have Followers
They create circles of power and lead by They create circles of influence and lead by
authority. inspiring .
Do Things Right Do the Right Thing
Managers enact the existing culture and Leaders shape the culture and drive integrity.
maintain status quo.
Types of skills demanded of leaders
1. Technical skills – refers to any type of process or
technique like sending e-mail, preparing a power point
presentation.
2. Human skill – is ability to work effectively with people and
to build teamwork. This is also referred to people skills
and soft skills.
3. Conceptual skill – is the ability to think in terms of
models framework and broad relationships such as long
range plans.
Leadership Styles
Autocratic leaders - do decision making by themselves.
Consultative leaders - all participation of the members of the organization by consulting them
but make decision themselves. This is what happens in consultation meetings called by
schools when they increase tuition fees.
Democratic leaders - allow the members of the organization to fully participate in decision
making.
Laissez faire or free-rein leadership style, leaders avoid responsibility and leave the
members of the organization to establish their own work.
The Situational Leadership Model
In situational leadership, effective leaders adapt their
leadership style to the situation of the members of the
organization, etc. to the readiness and willingness of
group members. Paul Hersey and Kenneth H. Blanchard
(1996) characterized leadership style in terms leader
provides to their followers. They categorized all leadership
styles into four behavior styles, which named S1 to S4.
S1 S2 S3 S4
Selling / Directing Telling / Coaching Participating / Delegating
Supporting
Individuals lack the Individuals are Individuals are Individuals are
specific skills more able to do the experienced and experienced at the
required for the job task; however, they able to do the lack task, and
in hand and they are demotivated for the confidence or comfortable with
are willing to work this job or task . the willingness to their own ability to
at the task. They Unwilling to do the take on do it well. They are
are novice but task. responsibility. able and willing to
enthusiastic not only do the
task, but to take
responsibility for the
task.
Servant Leadership
Robert K. Greenleaf (1977) coined the paradoxical term servant
leadership. How can one be a leader when he / she is servant? That’s the
common thinking . But the paradox is Greenleaf’s deliberate and
meaningful way of emphasizing the qualities of servant leader. He
describes the servant.
servant first. It begins with the natural feeling that one wants to
serve. Then conscious choice brings one to aspire to lead.
Transformational Leadership
Robert Kennedy once said: “Some men see things as they are, and
ask why. I dream of things that never were, and ask why not.” Those who
dream of things that never were and ask “ why not” are not
transformational leaders. The transformational leader is not content with
status qou and sees the need to transform the way the organization
thinks, relates and does things.
Sustaining Change
For reforms to transform, the innovations introduced by the transformational
leader must be institutional and sustained. Or else that innovation is simply a
passing fad that loses its flavor after a time.
The following advice
1. Seek the support of the stakeholders – The leaders must build a “ strong
coalition of allies in order to push for any meaningful change that would yield
results.
2. Get people involved early and often – Resistance drops off is proportion to the
involvement of participants.
3. Plan a communication campaign to “self” the innovation – Morata (2011)
asserts: “The change envisioned must cascade downwards to the last lesson plan
and ripple side wards to the support of major stakeholders”.
4. Ensure that the innovation is understood by all – The benefits and costs must
be appreciated and weighed carefully.
5. Consider timing and phasing – These are highly critical missteps might backfire
and lack of sensitivity to stakeholders might lead to resistance.
QUIZ
1. It is refers to any type of process or technique like sending
e-mail, preparing a power point presentation.
2. the persons to do the job are qualified and available.
3. Is ability to work effectively with people and to build
teamwork.
4. A school head leads the school and community to formulate
the vision, mission, goals, and school improvement plan.
5. Is the ability to think in terms of models framework and
broad relationships such as long range plans.
6. 6-8 give at least 3 leadership styles in any order.
9-10 give at least 2 advice in any order.
THANK YOU
