CLAUSES
Word : apple, car, a , of
Phrase : an apple, a big car, the development of
the country
Clause : 1 subject, 1 verb
He is , they are, he has, we did, we were walking
Sentence : He is cute. They bought
What is a clause ?
John came home and he fell asleep.
Iwas reading a novel while my sister was
watching TV.
When I get home, I will call my father.
Sebuah klausa terdiri dari 1 buah subjek dan
predikat.
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
NOUN CLAUSE
ADVERB CLAUSE
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
Menjelaskan noun yang menggunakan relative pronoun.
who (The man who is speaking in front of the class is my father)
whom (The woman whom you talked to yesterday is my
teacher)
whose (The woman whose pocket was stolen is crying)
which (The book which is written by the author is really great)
Which (The book which my mother bought was really good)
which of (The cat which of tail is black belongs to me)
THING
PERSON
WHICH yang
WHO
WHICH
WHOM
WHICH
WHOSE
OF
The man who is speaking in front of the class is my father.
The man speaking in front of the class is my father.
General : The man is speaking in front of the class.
Detail : The man (who) is my father.
The book which is written by the author is really great.
The book written by the author is really great
The book is really great.
The book is written by the author.
The woman whom you talked to yesterday is my teacher. (informal)
The woman to whom you talked yesterday is my teacher. (formal)
General : The woman is my teacher.
Detail : You talked to the woman (whom) yesterday.
The girl with whom I share comes from Bali.
The girl whom I share with comes from Bali.
The girl comes from Bali. (G)
I share with the girl. (D)
The girl whom I share with comes from bali.
The woman whose pocket was stolen is crying.
General : The woman is crying.
Detail : Her (whose) pocket was stolen.
The cat which of tail is black belongs to me.
The cat belongs to me. (G)
Its (which of) tail is black. (D)
who person. The woman that in front of you smells of garlic.
which thing. The phone which is on the shelf is already broken.
whose indicates possession. The man whose (his) wallet was stolen is very
angry.
A. who
B. whose
C.which
D. that
The woman that is in front of you smells of garlic
The woman, who is in front of you smells of garlic.
The woman smells of garlic. (general)
The woman is in front of you. (detail)
The phone is already broken. (G)
The phone is on the shelf. (D)
EXAMPLES
She is the woman. general
I told about her. Detail
She is the woman about whom I told. (formal)
She is the woman whom I told about. (informal)
They are the students. G
The teacher yelled at them (the students) D
They are the students at whom the teacher yelled. (formal)
They are the students whom the teacher yelled at. (informal)
The tree under which they had picnic was the largest in the park.
The tree which they had picnic under was the largest in the park.
The tree was the largest in the park. G
They had picnic under the tree. D
• Ratna has three books, two of which are blue.
• Ratna has three books.G
• Two of them are blue. D
• I have many books.. G
• Most of the books are romance. . D
• I have many books, most of which are romance.
• The cat which/that has a scar on the cheek is mine.
• The cat is mine.
• The cat has a scar on the cheek.
• The cat which of scar is on the cheek is mine.
• The cat is mine.
• Its scar is on the cheek.
• I ask my friends about what caring is, the best answer of whose is Andra, my
best friend.
• I ask my friends about what caring is, the best answer of whom is Andra’s, my
best friend.
NOUN CLAUSE
WH-Q
What, where, when, why, how , who, which, that (bahwa),
etc.
What he said is lie.
I’m not sure whether she will join or not.
I think this is what you need.
We don’t know exactly what they want.
Muktar doesn’t know where they put the lawn mower.
Where does she live?
I don’t know where she lives.
I don’t know where she lives.
Where does she live?
Do you know where she lives?
I don’t know where to go.
She lives : she does live -> does she live?
How much does it cost?
How much it costs
It costs : it does cost
ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
Anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai kata keterangan.
The boy is absent today because he is sick.
Adverbial clause
After I had graduated from the college, I looked for a good job.
Adverbial clause
Didi wants to pass the examination so he studies very hard.
Adverbial clause
While I was walking: while walking
Before I go : before going
After I had finished : After having finished
SUMMARY
who V (who is crying, who stands)
whom S V (whom I love the most, to
whom I
talked : whom I talked to)
whose Noun Verb (whose car is .. ,
which of tail is
long)
WH Q to infinitive (I don’t know where to go)
clause (I don’t know where she goes)
Interpretative dance, which I find a bit confusing, is all the rage.
Interpretative dance is all the rage. G
I find it a bit confusing. D
The students who spend their holidays in this Villa are from Sidoarjo
The students spending their holidays in this Villa are from Sidoarjo.
He ate : he did eat
She goes : she does go
Rikka whose friend is a musician works as a model in the same agency with
us.
her friend is a musician
The book contains of many mystery.
The book belongs to my brother.
The book which contains of many mystery belongs to my brother.
The book of which contains many mystery belongs to my brother.
The cat which of tail is black belongs to me
