Mathematics in the

Modern World
Lesson 1: Mathematics in Our World
What is Mathematics?
What is Mathematics?
Dictionary Definitions:

“the abstract science of number, quantity, and space. Mathematics may

be studied in its own right ( pure mathematics ), or as it is applied to
other disciplines such as physics and engineering ( applied mathematics
).”

“the science of numbers and their operations, interrelations,

combinations, generalizations, and abstractions and of space
configurations and their structure, measurement, transformations, and
generalizations”
What is Mathematics?

- A process of thinking
Given -> Equations -> Solution -> Answer
Read -> Choose -> Solve -> Check
Understand -> Plan -> Do -> Check
What is Mathematics?

- A process of thinking
- A set of problem-solving tools
Algebra
Calculus
Statistics
What is Mathematics?

- A process of thinking
- A set of problem-solving tools
- An art
What is Mathematics?

- A process of thinking
- A set of problem-solving tools
- An art
- A language
Numbers, Symbols, Operations, Sets, Notation, Logic
What is Mathematics?

- A process of thinking
- A set of problem-solving tools
- An art
- A language
- A study of patterns
Patterns and Numbers in Nature
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

What is a pattern?
- Anything that repeats again and again
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

What is a pattern?
- Anything that repeats again and again
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

What is a pattern?
- Anything that repeats again and again
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

What is a pattern?
- Anything that repeats again and again
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

What is a pattern?
- Anything that repeats again and again
- Helps an observer make conjectures as to what
happened before or what will happen later on
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Logical Pattern
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Word Pattern
Wife : Wives Life : Lives Knife : ???
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Symmetry
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Symmetry
- Reflection
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Symmetry
- Reflection
- Translation
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Symmetry
- Reflection
- Translation
- Rotation
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Symmetry
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Rossette Pattern
- Made by taking a
motif or element Rotation Rotation and
Reflection

and rotating and/ or reflecting said element

Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Freize Pattern
- A basic pattern that repeats itself in one
direction. It is usually found in architecture or
design
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Wallpaper Pattern
- A basic pattern that repeats itself in two
directions. It is usually found on walls or
floors
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Geometric Patterns
- Tesselation
- A repeating pattern
of figures that covers
a plane with no gaps
or overlaps
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Numeric Patterns
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, __ 5, 18, 31, 44, ___
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, __ 12, 7, 2, -3, ___
2, 4, 8, 16, 32, __ 125, 25, 5, 1, 0.2, 0.04,
____
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Numeric Patterns
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 5, 18, 31, 44, 57
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 12, 7, 2, -3, -8
2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 125, 25, 5, 1, 0.2, 0.04,
0.008
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Numeric Patterns
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 (+2) 5, 18, 31, 44, 57 (+13)
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 (+3) 12, 7, 2, -3, -8 (-5)
2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 (x2) 125, 25, 5, 1, 0.2, 0.04, 0.008
(/5)
Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Numeric Patterns

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, __, __, __, …

Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Numeric Patterns

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, …

Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Types of Patterns
- Numeric Patterns

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, …

Fibonacci Sequence
Fibonacci Sequence
The Fibonacci sequence was invented by the Italian

Leonardo Pisano Bigollo (1180-1250), who is known in mathematical

history by several names: Leonardo of Pisa (Pisano means “from Pisa”)
and Fibonacci (which means “son of Bonacci”).
Fibonacci Sequence
Fibonacci Sequence
Fibonacci Sequence
Ratio of consecutive Fibonacci Sequence numbers
Fibonacci Sequence
Ratio of consecutive Fibonacci Sequence numbers
Fibonacci Sequence
Ratio of consecutive Fibonacci Sequence numbers
Fibonacci Sequence
Ratio of consecutive Fibonacci Sequence numbers

The Golden Ratio

Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Rectangle and the Fibonacci Spiral
Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Nature
- Pinecones, Speed Heads, Vegetables and Fruits

Spiral patterns curving from left and right can be seen at the array of seeds in the center of a

sunflower. The sum of these spirals when counted will be a Fibonacci number. You will get two

consecutive Fibonacci numbers if you divide the spirals into those pointed left and right. The

seed pods on a pinecone are also arranged in a spiral pattern. Each cone consists of a pair of

spirals, each one spiraling upwards in opposing directions. Spiral patterns can also be
deciphered

in cauliflower and pineapples. Fibonacci sequence appears on these fruits and vegetables.
Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Nature
Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Nature
Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Nature
- Flowers and Branches

Most flowers express the Fibonacci sequence if you count the number of petals
on these flowers. For example, lilies and irises have three petals, roses and
buttercups have five, delphiniums have eight petals and so on. Some plants
also exhibit the Fibonacci sequence in their growth points, on the places where
tree branches form or split. A trunk grows until it produces a branch, resulting
in two growth points. The main trunk then produces another branch, resulting
in three growth points and then the trunk and the first branch produce two
more growth points, bringing the total to five.
Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Nature

- Flowers and Branches

Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Architecture
Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Art
Fibonacci Sequence
The Golden Ratio in Art
Mathematics for Our World
“Neglect of mathematics works injury to all knowledge, since he who is
ignorant

of it cannot know the other sciences or the things of the world.”

- Roger Bacon
Mathematics for Our World
- Math helps us understand or make sense of the world - and we use
the world to understand math. It is therefore important that we
learn math contents needed to solve complex problems in a
complex world; learn the mathematical knowledge and skills we
need to understand the world and make contributions to the global
community.
Mathematics for Our World
Applications of Mathematics in Our World

Mathematics has so many uses of applications.

• Mathematics helps organize patterns and regularities in the world;

• Mathematics helps predict the behavior of nature and many

phenomena;

• Mathematics helps control nature and occurrences in the world for our
own good;

• Mathematics has applications in many human endeavors.

Mathematics for Our World
Mathematics helps organize patterns and regularities in the
world

According to Ian Stewart (1995), we live in a universe of patterns.

Mathematics is the formal system of thought that is used for
recognizing, classifying, and understanding these patterns.
Mathematics for Our World
Mathematics helps predict the behavior of nature and many
phenomena

As stated, we live in a universe of patterns. From the observation of

these patterns comes an understanding of why these phenomena work,
and from this understanding we can predict certain outcomes
- Stocks
- Weather/ Climate
- Statistics
- Regularly occurring phenomena
Mathematics for Our World
Mathematics helps control nature and occurrences in the world
for our own good
- Mathematical modeling

Inputs to events to foresee likely outcomes

- Control theory

Field of applied mathematics concerned with the control of certain

physical processes and systems
Mathematics for Our World
Mathematics has applications in many human endeavors, making
it indispensable
- Engineering
- IT
- Statistics
- Medicine
- Cooking
- Music
- Finance
- Etc.
Mathematics for Our World

How does Mathematics

affect you?
End of Lesson 1