Graphic

s art
History of graphic arts

Throughout history, technological inventions have

shaped the development of graphic art. In 2500 BC, the
Egyptians used graphic symbols to communicate their
thoughts in a written form known as hieroglyphics.
Middle Ages
During the Middle Ages, scribes manually copied each
individual page of manuscripts to maintain their
sacred teachings. The scribes would leave marked
sections of the page available for artists to insert
drawings and decorations. Using art alongside the
carefully lettered text enhanced the religious reading
experience.
 Printing press

• Johannes Gutenberg invented an improved movable

type mechanical device known as the printing press in
1450, the first outside Asia. His printing press facilitated
the mass-production of text and graphic art and
eventually, replaced manual transcriptions altogether.
Renaissance and industrial
revolution

• Again during the Renaissance years, graphic art in the form of

printing played a major role in the spread of classical learning in
Europe. Within these manuscripts, book designers focused heavily
on typeface.
• Due to the development of larger fonts during the Industrial
Revolution, posters became a popular form of graphic art used to
communicate the latest information as well as to advertise the
latest products and services.
 20 th
Century
• The invention and popularity of film and television changed
graphic art through the additional aspect of motion as
advertising agencies attempted to use kinetics to their
advantage.
• The next major change in graphic arts came when the personal
computer was invented in the twentieth century. Powerful
computer software enables artists to manipulate images in a
much faster and simpler way than the skills of board artists prior
to the 1990s. With quick calculations, computers easily recolor,
scale, rotate, and rearrange images if the programs are known.
 THE DEFINITION OF GRAPHICS ARTS

• A category of fine art, graphic art covers a broad range of visual

artistic expression, typically two-dimensional, i.e. produced on a
flat surface. The term usually refers to the arts that rely more on
line or tone than on colour, especially drawing and the various
forms of engraving; it is sometimes understood to refer
specifically to printmaking processes, such as line engraving,
aquatint, drypoint, etching, mezzotint, monotype, lithography,
and screen printing (silk-screen, serigraphy). Graphic art further
includes calligraphy, photography, painting, typography,
computer graphics, and bindery. It also encompasses drawn
Elements of graphics
arts
DISCUSSED BY: JIAN NACARIO
LINE

Lines are always more than just points that are strung together. Depending on
their form, weight, length and context, lines can help organize information, define
shapes, imply movement, and convey emotions.
• When it comes to selecting the appropriate lines for projects, designers have
plenty of options. Lines can:
• …be horizontal, vertical or diagonal.
• …be straight, curved or freeform.
• …zigzag or create other patterns.
• …be solid, broken or implied.
SHAPES

• For the purposes of graphic design, shapes are best

understood as areas, forms or figures contained by a
boundary or closed outline. There are two types of shapes
that every graphic designer should understand: geometric
and organic (or “free-flowing”).
COLOR

• a useful tool for communicating a mood or provoking an

emotional response from your viewer. Color theory and the
color wheel provide a practical guide for graphic designers
who want to select a single color or combine multiple colors
in a harmonious—or intentionally discordant—way.
Color Harmonies: Complementary, Analogous, Triad, Split-
complementary, Tetradic and Square color scheme.
TEXTURE

• feel of a surface—furry, smooth, rough, soft, gooey or glossy.

Most graphic designers must visually convey texture by using
illusions to suggest how their work might feel if viewers could
touch it. Mastering texture is an important part of making
designs look polished and professional.
TYPE

• Whether you’re choosing a font or creating your own

typography for a graphic design project, it’s important to
make sure the type you use is legible and appropriate for
your subject. Type affects the overall mood of a design, so
consider whether your letters should be print or script, and
whether they should have angles that are sharp or rounded.
SPACE

• a vital part of any designer’s toolkit. It can give a design

breathing room, increase its visual impact, balance out
heavier visual elements, and emphasize images or messages
that viewers should remember. Without enough space, a
design can risk becoming too visually cluttered for your
audience to understand.
IMAGE

• Whether graphic designers use photographs or illustrations,

they rely on images to grab the audience’s attention and
express specific messages. An image works on multiple
levels simultaneously: It provides context for a designer’s
communication, adds necessary drama or action, and creates
an overall mood.
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHICS
ART
 CALLIGRAPHY
The design and
execution of lettering
with a pen, ink brush,
or other writing
instrument. A
contemporary
calligraphic practice
can be defined as "the
art of giving form to
signs in an
 PHOTOGRAPHY
the art of
capturing light
with a camera,
usually via a
digital sensor or
film, to create
an image.
 PRINTMAKIN
G
an artistic
process based
on the principle
of transferring
images from a
matrix onto
another
surface, most
 PAINTING
the practice of
applying paint,
pigment, color
or other
medium to a
solid
surface (called
the "matrix" or
THREE TECHNIQUES OF
PRINTMAKING
SURFACE PRINTING

• Done in a flat surface. Comprises those techniques in which

the image is printed from the flat surface of a metal, stone,
or other material.
INTAGLIO PRINTING

• Printing from a plate on which incised lines, which carry the

ink, leave a raised impression. The printing is done from ink
that is below the surface of the plate.
RELIEF PRINTING

• A process consisting of cutting or etching a printing surface in

a way that the all that remains of the original surface is the
design to be printed
5 OF THE STYLES OF GRAPHIC ARTS

• Punk
• Urban
• Cartoon
• Op-art
• Pop-art
DEFINITION OF EACH STYLE

• Punk - Punk is a loud, fast-moving, and aggressive form of

rock music, popular in the late 1970s.
• Urban - Urban graphic is an art relating to, or the
characteristic of a town or city.
• Cartoon - a simple drawing showing the features of its
subjects in a humorously exaggerated way
DEFINITION OF EACH STYLE

• Pop-Art - Pop art is art based on modern popular culture and

the mass media, especially as a critical or ironic comment on
traditional fine art values.
• Op-art: a form of abstract art that gives the illusion of
movement by the precise use of pattern and colour, or in
which conflicting patterns emerge and overlap
EXAMPLE OF EACH STYLE
EXAMPLE OF EACH STYLE

• Punk –

• Urban –

• Cartoon -
EXAMPLE OF EACH STYLE

• Op Art –

• Pop Art -
FEATURES OF EACH STYLE
FEATURES OF EACH STYLE

Punk
• Dressed-down look of North American hard core.
• often short hairstyles replaced the long-hair hippie look
• Loads of tattoos • Big heeled shoes
• Black coloured lip sticks
FEATURES OF EACH STYLE

Urban
• Bright colours
• Usually done on walls
• visual representation of ideas and messages
• Visual art
• logos and branding
• Painting
FEATURES OF EACH STYLE

Cartoon
• Big faces
• drawing or painting
• humorous illustrations in magazines and newspapers
• It is referred to comic strips and animated films.
• two-dimensional illustrated visual art
FEATURES OF EACH STYLE

Op-art
• Black and white
• Optical illusions art
• Swirling
• Feeling of movement and vibration
• op art is one big perverted shape-shifting tease
FEATURE OF EACH STYLE

Pop-art
• Everyday imagery, and vibrant block colours
• Common sources of Pop iconography were advertisements
by bold, simple popular culture
• artistic movement that marked an era from its birth during
the middle of the last century
GENRES OF GRAPHIC ARTS
GENRES

• Action
• Fantasy
• Fashion
• Sports
• Adventure
ACTION

• Action is a genre wherein physical action takes precedence in the storytelling. The film
will often have continuous motion and action including physical stunts, chases, fights,
battles, and races. The story usually revolves around a hero that has a goal, but is
facing incredible odds to obtain it. Like these pictures at the top, these are all
magazine front covers they are all associated with action a you case on the first
magazine front cover the picture gives it all away that the magazine is about action as
the character is holding a gun. The second one has cars on it so its about cars are cars
are all about the action with in them well the good ones. The last two promote action
films you know they are promoting action films as the first cover has a picture of man
running in a forest and the second poster has two men and one holding a gun with
animated skulls on the floor which is what you find in action movies .
FASHION

• These are pictures as you can see for fashion these pictures
are associated with fashion as they have the colour pink in
the not only that but specific picture like the last one on the
right shows ladies fashion because it is lipsticks which is
known as fashion for ladies. Furthermore there is a picture of
a girl wearing a stunning dress and holding a plastic doll, this
is associated with fashion because of what dress she is
wearing and the way she is posing.
FANTASY

• Fantasy is a genre of fiction that uses magic or other super natural elements
as a main plot element, theme, or setting. Many works within the genre take
place in imaginary worlds where magic and magic creatures are common.
Fantasy is generally distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror
by the expectation that it steers clear of scientific and macabre themes. Like
the first two pictures above these pictures look like real people but they are
drawn out characters looking like humans. Also the third picture is a super
natural element of lions and humans being able to do similar things and live
together. Lastly the last picture shows a theme of robots being alive s humans
these elements are all related by drawing them on paper.
SPORTS

• Sport are all forms of usually competitive physical activity or games which, through
casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability
and skills while providing entertainment to participants. As you can see above that
the first picture is of baseball results this is usually shown to on television to the
audience this has been editing for the audience to keep track of the scores. The
second picture is from an advert of baseball in America, they have used editing to
make he person look bigger then the building around him. The third one is of the
Olympics swimming at the bottom there is the name, the country flag and the
distance and time the person took; this is all for the audience to know who the
person is. Lastly the last picture is of a logo of Action4 sports, they have used media
editing to make there logo for there show.
ADVENTURE

• Adventure is a film genre in which one or more heroes are thrust into a series of challenges
that typically include physical feats, extended fight scenes, violence, and frantic chases.
Action films tend to feature a resourceful character struggling against incredible odds, which
include life-threatening situations, a villain, or a pursuit which generally concludes in victory
for the hero. All of these pictures above are associated with adventure as everyone knows
INDIANA JONES is an adventure movie. The third one is a magazine font cover on women's
adventure you can see this from the picture on the entire front cover it of a girl sky diving,
which is adventurous. The other two pictures are about adventure as well you know this
because spirtball has an exposition as its front cover so it informs the audience that's its an
adventure as it has many types of aliens exploding out. The last picture says adventure on it
so its clearly about adventure but the picture in the background enforces it’s a adventure as
the picture is of a man trying to kill a clue fury.