PRACTICE OCCUPATONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICIES

AND PROCEDURES
 TABLE OF ELEMENTS
• Identify OSH compliance requirements

• Prepare OSH requirements for compliance

• Perform task in accordance with relevant OSH policies and procedures

ELEMENT 1: IDENTIFY OSH COMPLIANCE
REQUIREMENTS
• What is OSH?

• Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) procedures is a set of

systematic plans and actions to prevent any work related
accidents and illnesses. It is carefully planned to identify and
recognize the hazard and risk in the workplace.
WHAT IS RISK CLASSIFICATION UNDER OSH
STANDARDS? (BASED ON DOLE)
• Risk is the potential that injury will occur in a given situation that is, the
interaction of hazard and the vulnerabilities.

3 risk classification UNDER OSH Standards

Low Risk Establishments

• Low risk establishments refers to a workplace where there is low level of

danger or exposure to safety and health hazards and not likely or with low
probability to result in accident, harm or injury, or illness.
• The things that you need to remember about low risk establishments are:
• Limited exposure to hazardous chemicals or substances,
• minimal use of heavy machinery or equipment,
• low likelihood of severe accidents or incidents and,
• primarily office-based or administrative tasks
WHAT IS RISK CLASSIFICATION UNDER OSH
STANDARDS? (BASED ON DOLE)
• Examples of Low Risk Establishments
• Offices and administrative workplaces
• Retail establishments
• Educational institutions
• Hospitality and food services
• Professional and creative services
• Personal and miscellaneous services like beauty salons, laundry and dry-
cleaning
• Financial institutions
• Health and wellness
• Community and social services
OH PERSONNEL REQUIRED FOR LOW RISK
ESTABLISHMENTS
• For low risk establishments the following are what section 15 of DO 198-
18 requires:
• 1-9 / 10-50 / 51-99 Workers:
• 1 First Aider
• 100-199 Workers:
• 2 First Aiders
• 2 Part-time (PT) Occupational Health (OH) Nurses
• 200-500 Workers:
• 3-5 First Aiders
• 1 Full Time (FT) OH Nurse
• 1 PT OH Nurse
• 1 PT OH Dentist
• 1 PT OH Physician
RELEVANT OSH REQUIREMENTS, REGULATIONS,
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
• What are the common health and safety hazards in the hospitality
industry?

 Fire and electrical shock hazards

 Slip and falls

 Food safety
WHY IS HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPORTANT
IN HOTELS?
1. It helps to reduce staff turnover

2. Develop a reputation for quality customer service

3. Increase profits

4. Minimize loss
ELEMENT 2: PREPARE OSH REQUIREMENS
FOR COMPLIANCE
• Hazard Prevention and Control
• To effectively control and prevent hazards, employers should:
• Involve workers, who often have the best understanding of the conditions
that create hazards and insights into how they can be controlled.
• Identify and evaluate options for controlling hazards, using a "hierarchy of
controls."
• Use a hazard control plan to guide the selection and implementation of
controls, and implement controls according to the plan.
• Develop plans with measures to protect workers during emergencies and
nonroutine activities.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of existing controls to determine whether they
continue to provide protection, or whether different controls may be more
effective. Review new technologies for their potential to be more protective,
more reliable, or less costly.
1: Identify control options

• How to accomplish it

• Collect, organize, and review information with workers to determine what types of hazards may be present
and which workers may be exposed or potentially exposed. Information available in the workplace may
include:

2: Select controls

• How to accomplish it
• Eliminate or control all serious hazards (hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious
physical harm) immediately.
• Use interim controls while you develop and implement longer-term solutions.
• Select controls according to a hierarchy that emphasizes engineering solutions (including elimination or
substitution) first, followed by safe work practices, administrative controls, and finally personal protective
equipment.
• Avoid selecting controls that may directly or indirectly introduce new hazards. Examples include exhausting
contaminated air into occupied work spaces or using hearing protection that makes it difficult to hear
backup alarms.
• Review and discuss control options with workers to ensure that controls are feasible and effective.
• Use a combination of control options when no single method fully protects workers.
HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS
3. Develop and update a hazard control plan

• How to accomplish it

• List the hazards needing controls in order of priority.

• Assign responsibility for installing or implementing the controls to a specific
person or persons with the power or ability to implement the controls.
• Establish a target completion date.
• Plan how you will track progress toward completion.
• Plan how you will verify the effectiveness of controls after they are installed or
implemented.
4: Select controls to protect workers during nonroutine operations and
emergencies

• How to accomplish it

• Develop procedures to control hazards that may arise during nonroutine

operations (e.g., removing machine guarding during maintenance and
repair).
• Develop or modify plans to control hazards that may arise in emergency
situations.
• Procure any equipment needed to control emergency-related hazards.
• Assign responsibilities for implementing the emergency plan.
• Conduct emergency drills to ensure that procedures and equipment provide
adequate protection during emergency situations.
5: Implement selected controls in the workplace

• How to accomplish it

• Implement hazard control measures according to the priorities

established in the hazard control plan.
• When resources are limited, implement measures on a "worst-first" basis,
according to the hazard ranking priorities (risk) established during hazard
identification and assessment. (Note, however, that regardless of limited
resources, employers have an obligation to protect workers from
recognized, serious hazards.)
• Promptly implement any measures that are easy and inexpensive—e.g.,
general housekeeping, removal of obvious tripping hazards such as
electrical cords, basic lighting—regardless of the level of hazard they
involve.
6: Follow up to confirm that controls are effective

• To ensure that control measures are and remain effective, employers should
track progress in implementing controls, inspect and evaluate controls once
they are installed, and follow routine preventive maintenance practices.
• How to accomplish it

• Track progress and verify implementation by asking the following questions:

• Have all control measures been implemented according to the hazard control plan?
• Have engineering controls been properly installed and tested?
• Have workers been appropriately trained so that they understand the controls,
including how to operate engineering controls, safe work practices, and PPE use
requirements?
• Are controls being used correctly and consistently?
• Conduct regular inspections (and industrial hygiene monitoring, if indicated) to
confirm that engineering controls are operating as designed.
• Evaluate control measures to determine if they are effective or need to be modified.
Involve workers in the evaluation of the controls. If controls are not effective,
identify, select, and implement further control measures that will provide adequate
protection.
• Confirm that work practices, administrative controls, and personal protective
equipment use policies are being followed.
• Conduct routine preventive maintenance of equipment, facilities, and controls to help
prevent incidents due to equipment failure.
WORKPLACE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS: PROACTIVE
MEASURES FOR A SAFER WORKPLACE
• Workplace emergency preparedness refers to the measures taken by an
establishment or organization to ensure the safety and protection of its
employees during emergency situations such as natural disasters, fires,
and other unforeseen events. These measures include the following:
• development of emergency response plans
• conducting regular emergency drills and training
• having emergency kits and supplies
• monitoring the workplace for any hazards
DIFFERENT TYPES OF EMERGENCIES TO BE INCLUDED IN
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN

• Natural Disasters
• Fires and Explosions
• Medical Emergencies
• Hazardous Material Spills
• Power Outages
• Workplace Violence
• Structural Collapses
• Work-related Injuries
HOW TO IMPLEMENT A SUCCESSFUL WORKPLACE
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS?
• Workplace emergency preparedness is essential for minimizing the risk
to employees, properties, and the establishment during the unexpected
events. It is crucial aspect of workplace safety and health
management.

1. Identification of Potential Hazards

• Recognizing and assessing potential emergencies that could occur in the

workplace, such as natural disasters, fires, medical emergencies, or
chemical spills.
2. Development of a Comprehensive Emergency Plan

• Creating a comprehensive plan that outlines the steps to be taken in case

of various emergencies. This includes evacuation procedures, designated
safe areas, communication plans, and roles and responsibilities of
employees during an emergency.
• evacuation procedures,
• designated safe areas, communication plans, and
• roles and responsibilities of employers and employees
3. Training and Drills

• Training and drills are crucial components of workplace emergency

preparedness that ensure a safe and efficient response to emergencies. They
provide employees with the knowledge and experience they need to respond
quickly and appropriately in case of an emergency, mitigating the risks of
harm or loss of life. Training can include:
• Training and drills can include and allow employees to:
• identify types of emergencies
• how to use emergency equipment
• steps employees should take in the event of on emergency
• practice and test emergency response plans and procedures in a simulated
emergency situations
• identify any gaps in the plan and allowing for necessary improvements
4. Emergency Kits and Equipment

• Emergency kits and equipment are essential components of workplace emergency

preparedness. These kits and equipment comprise vital supplies and tools that help minimize
injuries, fatalities, and property damage in case of emergencies.

• First Aid Kits: are used in administering immediate care to injured individuals while
waiting for first responders to arrive.

• Fire Extinguishers: are used to put out fires and prevent them from escalating further.

• Emergency Lighting: helps individuals navigate their way out of buildings in case of
power outages during emergencies.

• Communication Devices: radios, cellphones, and two-way radios are used to keep
individuals informed of evacuation alerts. weather updates, and other essential
information.
5. Communication Systems

• Communication systems play a crucial role in workplace emergency

preparedness as they help to ensure the safety and well-being of employees
during an emergency situation. Effective communication systems should
include multiple channels of communication, such as emergency alerts, mass
notifications, and verbal communication via intercoms or two-way radios.
6. Evacuation Plan

• An evacuation plan is a crucial element of workplace emergency

preparedness, aimed at providing a safe and orderly exit of employees from
the facility during an emergency. The plan should:
• Outline the procedures and protocols to be followed in the event of an
emergency
• Identify potential hazards and routes for evacuation
• Appointing personnel to oversee the evacuation
• Establishing communication lines to alert employees of the emergency
7. Resource Allocation

• Allocating resources properly in workplace emergency preparedness is

crucial because it ensures that the necessary equipment, supplies, and
personnel are available to effectively respond to an emergency situation.
This includes:
• First Aid Kits
• Fire extinguishers
• Emergency lights
• Backup power supplies
• 8. Coordination with Local Emergency Services

• Coordination with local emergency services can lead to more effective and efficient
emergency response. Emergency services have the necessary expertise and
resources to handle various types of emergencies, and their support can be critical
in ensuring the safety of all employees and minimizing property damage.

• 9. Review and Update of Emergency Plans

• Regular review and updating of an emergency plan is crucial for ensuring effective
response during emergencies and minimizing potential damage to the workplace
and employees.
• As an organization evolves, so do the emergency risks that it may face. By reviewing
and updating the emergency plan regularly, businesses can stay prepared to handle
different types of emergencies that they may encounter.
ELEMENTS 3: PERFORM TASKS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT OSH
POLICIES AND PROCEDURE
Managing occupational safety and health compliance

Challenges of managing occupational safety and health

compliance The current European legislation on safety and health
at work influenced by the Scandinavian tradition of regulating
occupational safety and heath and by the definition of the working
environment laid down in the international convention of the
international Labor Organization. The European legislation is based
on a dynamic, holistic and preventive concept of safety and health
at work, which obliges the employer to constantly improve for the
benefit of the workers
 NON-COMPLIANCE WITH
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
STANDARDS

Aside from non-compliance Employers have the duty to furnish

consequences see also: the workers a place of employment
free from hazardous condition
Workers have the right to refuse
DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS UNDER unsafe work
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11058 OR
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS • An employer who fails or refuses
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND to comply with occupational safety
and health standards may be
HEALTH STANDARD LAW liable for an administrative fine of
₱ 100,000.00 per day until the
violation is corrected
Mandatory laws should be complied with. Otherwise, one
may be held liable for a fine and/or imprisonment.
In our previous articles, the rights of workers as well as the
duties of employers under Republic Act No. 11058 or
otherwise known as Occupational Safety and Health
Standards Law (OSH Law), were discussed. In a nutshell,
employers have the duty to furnish workers a place of
employment free from hazardous conditions and that the
workers have the right to refuse unsafe work. In case an
employer failed or refused to comply with his or her duties
under OSH Law, what is the effect?
The law says:
Willful failure or refusal of an employer to comply with the required
OSH standards or with a compliance order shall make said employer
liable for an administrative fine not exceeding One Hundred Thousand
Pesos (Php100,000.00) per day until the violation is corrected, counted
from the date the employer is notified of the violation or the date the
compliance order is duly served on the employer. However, the
amount of fine to be imposed depends on the frequency or gravity of
the violation committed or damage caused. Take note that the
maximum amount shall be imposed only when the violation exposed a
worker to a risk of death, serious injury or serious illness. Suppose an
employer who willfully failed or refused to comply with OSH standards
or with a duly issued compliance order, engaged in any of the following
acts to aid, conceal or facilitate such non-compliance, said employer
shall be liable for a maximum of One Hundred Thousand Pesos
(Php100,000.00) separate from the daily fine as mentioned above:
1.Repeated obstruction, delay or refusal to provide the
Secretary of Labor and Employment or any of its
authorized representatives access or refusal to provide or
allow access to relevant records and documents or
obstructs the conduct of investigation of any fact
necessary in determining compliance with OSH standards;
2.Misrepresentation in relation to adherence to OSH
standards, knowing such statement, report or record
submitted to the Department of Labor and Employment
(DOLE) to be false in any material aspect;
3.Making retaliatory measures such as termination of
employment, refusal to pay, reducing wages and benefits
or in any manner discriminates against any workers who
has given information relative to the inspection being
conducted.
May an employer who willfully failed or refused to comply
with the required OSH standards be criminally liable?

The law says.

Yes.
In addition to the administrative fine, the employer may
also be criminally or civilly liable depending on the
offenses the employer has committed. Always bear in mind
that the effect of non-compliance with OSH Law is also
applicable to contractors or subcontractors, and any
person who manages, controls or supervises the work
being undertaken.
 PHILIPPINES OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH STANDARDS
The Occupational Safety and Health The Act applies to all establishments,
Standards(OSH Standards), as amended in projects, sites, and other places where
1989 serves as the country’s central work is being undertaken. This includes
legislation in promoting a safe and healthy
workplace for all working people by
establishments located inside special
protecting them against all hazards in their economic zones; utilities engaged in
work environment. On August 17, 2018 the air, sea, and land transportation; the
OSH Law was updated though Republic Act mining, fishing, construction,
No. 11058,An Act Strengthening Compliance agriculture, and maritime industries,
with Occupational Safety and Health among others; and contractors and
Standards and Providing Penalties for subcontractors engaged in projects of
Violations Thereof. Its corresponding the public-sector. However, the OSH
Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)
was published on December 7,2018 through
standards do not apply to the public
Department Order No. 198. The regulations sector as they have their own set of
or areas covered by 1989 OSH which have rules and regulations issued by the
not been revised by R.A. No. 11058 still Civil Service Commission and other
applies. In order to promote the safety and government agencies.
health of workers, the policies and programs
implemented aim to be dynamic, inclusive,
and
Institutional Structures and Mechanisms
To effectively implement the OSH standards, the
Secretary of Labor and Employment has the
authority to conduct annual spot audits to check
for compliance. No person or entity shall obstruct,
impede, or delay the orders of the Secretary of
Labor and Employment or their representatives.
The Secretary may also order the stoppage of work
or suspension of operations of any unit of an
establishment when non-compliance with the law
or IRR poses grave and imminent danger to the
health and safety of workers in the workplace.
Duties and Rights of Employers and Workers
Duties of Employers

1. Provide a place of employment for workers which is free from hazardous

conditions that are causing or are likely to cause death, illness, or physical harm
to the workers.
2. Provide complete job safety instruction and proper orientation to all workers,
including those relating to familiarization with their work environment.
3. Ensure that chemical, physical, and biological substances and agents and
ergonomic and psychosocial stressors do not pose a risk to health.
4. Use only approved specific industry set of standards of devices and equipment
for the workplace.
5. Comply with OSH standards: training, medical examination, provisions on
protective and safety devices (e.g. PPE and machine guards). Training for
workers includes health promotion, hazards associated with their work, health
risks involved or to which they are exposed to, preventive measures to eliminate
or minimize risks, steps to be taken in cases of emergency, and safety
instruction for the jobs, activities, and tasks to be handled by workers.
Duties of Workers

1. Participate in capacity building activities on safety and health.

2. Undergo the mandatory workers’ OSH seminar.
3. 3. Proper use of all safeguards and safety device provided for workers
protection.
4. 4. Comply with instructions to prevent accidents se imminent danger
situations in the workplace
5.Observe prescribed steps to be taken in cases of emergency ( i. e
participating during the conduct of national or local disaster drills
6.Report to their immediate supervisor or any other responsible safety and
health personnel any work hazard that may be discovered in the
workplace.
7. File claims for compensation benefits due to work-related disability or
death
 RIGHTS OF WORKERS

1. Right to Know- All workers shall be appropriately informed by

the employer about all types of hazards in the workplace, and be
provide access to training education, and orientation on safety and
risks.
2. Right to Refuse Unsafe Works- The worker has the right to
refuse works without threat of reprisal from the employer if an
moment danger situation exists.
3. Right to Report Accidents- Workers and their representatives
shall have the right to report accents, dangerous occurrences, and
hazard to the employer, to DOLE and other concerned government
agencies. They shall be free from any form of retaliation for reporting
accident.
4. Right to Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)- Employers
shall provide workers PPE for any part of the body that may be
exposed to hazard; a lifeline, safety belt, or harness; and respirators,
WORKPLACE REQUIREMENTS

•OSH Program- Workplace covered by the OSH

Standards must implement a suitable OSH Program
depending on its size and level of risk. This
program should be communicated and be made
readily available to all persons in the workplace.
Likewise, the establishment should also submit a
copy of their OSH program to the DOLE Regional
Provincial, Feld or Satellite Office having jurisdiction
over them .
THANK YOU!