COAL, OIL AND
NATURAL GAS
Presented by: Sangki, Rawan
Samantha E.
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students will
be able to;
a. Identify the source of coal, oil and
natural gas
b. Determine the importance of coal, oil
and natural gas and how its production
affects the environment.
COAL
Coal is a black or
brownish-black
sedimentary rock that
can be burned for fuel
and used to generate
electricity. It is composed
mostly of carbon and
hydrocarbons, which
contain energy that can
be released through
ELECTRICITY
Coal is the most
abundant source of
electricity worldwide,
currently providing
more than 36 percent
of the electricity. Coal
– fueled power plants
account for nearly
one – quarter of the SUAL POWER STATION
electricity in the (PANGASINAN)
United States.
Coal also serves
many industrial uses.
Among the most
significant are steel
production, which
uses
metallurgical/coking
coal and cement
manufacture.
Coal is key to alleviating energy poverty.
Approximately 860 million people across the
globe currently live without access to electricity.
Nearly 2.6 billion people do not have clean
cooking facilities.
The problem is spread across developing
worlds, particularly in severe in sub – Saharan
Africa and developing Asia, which together
count for 95% of people in energy poverty.
Emissions of burning coal
Sulfur Dioxide
Nitrogen Oxides
Particulates
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Mercury and other heavy metals
Fly ash and bottom ash
OIL
Petroleum, also called
crude oil, is a fossil fuel.
Like coal and natural gas,
petroleum was formed
from the remnants of
ancient organism, such as
plants, algae, and
bacteria.
TRANSPORTATION FUEL
Oil is a major component of modern civilization.
In developing countries, access to affordable
energy can empower citizens and lead to higher
quality of life. Petroleum provides transportation
fuel, is a part of many chemicals and medicines,
and is used to make crucial items such as heart
valves, contact lenses, and bandages.
Oil reserves attract outside investment and are
important
Transportation is a major source of air
pollution and emissions that contribute to
climate change in the United States
The health risk of air pollution are extremely
serious. Poor air quality increases respiratory
ailments like asthma at bronchitis, and
increase the risk of death from cardiovascular
and pulmonary diseases, as well as cancer.
NATURAL
GAS
Natural gas is a
fossil fuel formed
from the remains of
plants and animals,
and microorganisms
that lived millions of
years ago.
Today, natural gas is used in countless ways for
industrial, commercial, residential, and
transportation purposes.
In the industrial setting, natural gas is used to
heat, cool, and cook.
In commercial setting, it is an extremely
efficient and economical way to power water
heaters, space heaters, dryers, and stoves.
In residential homes, the most popular use for
natural gas is heating and cooking.
Natural gas can also be used as an alternative
fuel for cars, buses, trucks, and other vehicles.
Using the new technology for fuel cells, the
energy from natural gas is also used to generate
electricity.
When geologists explore for natural
gas deposits on land, they may disturb
vegetation and soil with their vehicles.
Well drilling activities produce air
pollution and may disturb people, and
wildlife . Natural gas production can
also produce large volumes of
contaminated water.
CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY
Clean Coal Technology is defined as a
collection of applied engineering and science
knowledge employed to improve and increase
productivity and efficiency of machines such
as power plant equipment in order to reduce
environmental impacts of coal utilization
(USDOE, 2010).
COAL WASHING/
PREPARATION
- this is a wet method of
cleaning low-rank coal by
separating coal from the
wastes using their specific
gravity differences.
FLUE GAS DESULFURIZER
(FGD)
CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED
BED
(CFB) COMBUSTION
TECHNOLOGY
A PICTURE IS WORTH
A THOUSAND WORDS
CONCLUSION
Fossil fuels such as Coal, Oil and Gas are some of the most important
natural resources that we use everyday. These fossil fuels are all
Hydrocarbons, they are compounds formed from only two elements, Carbon
and Hydrogen.
Fossil fuels are used to produce energy; in the home they are burned to
produce heat, in large power stations they are used to produce electricity
and they are also used to power engines. The bonds between the Hydrogen
and Carbon atoms store energy, by burning the compounds in the presence
of Oxygen the bonds are broken and the stored energy is converted to heat
energy, forming Carbon Dioxide (CO2) in the process.
Fossil fuels are non-renewable, this means that their supply is limited and
they will eventually run out. Fossil fuels formed from the decomposition of
plants and animals from millions of years ago this is why they are called
fossil fuels.
REFERENCES
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/coa
l/
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/nat
ural-gas/
https//education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/
petroleum/https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/
engineering/clean-coal-technology
THANK YOU!
