ICT09-Operating system
ICT09-Operating system
GE-203
Department of Information Technology, Govt. Graduate College of Commerce, Nowshehra Vikran, Gujranwala
Agenda for Today
• What is an operating
system?
• Single-user systems
• Batch systems
• Multiprogrammed
systems
• Time-Sharing systems
• Real-Time systems
• Distributed systems
• Clustered systems
• Embedded Systems
What is an Operating
System?
A program that acts as
an
bridg
e intermediary between a user
of a
computer and the
Operating
computer system
hardwar
goals:
Execute user programs and
e.
make
solving user problems
easier
Make the computer
system
convenient to
use
Use the computer
hardware in an
efficient
manner
2.3
Components of a Computer System
Components of a Computer System
Single User Systems
Personal – computersystem dedicatedto
single user
computers a
Interactive
User convenience and
responsiveness. .
Single User Systems
single
Individuals usually have sole use of computer
and do not
need advanced protection features.
May run several different types of operating
systems e.g.
Windows
Mac OS
UNIX
Linux
Batch Systems(used till 1951)
Does not interact with computers directly
Operator takes all the jobs and group similar jobs into
batch
Operator takes job as input, process it on CPU and
gives the result to the user
Automatic job sequencing – automatically transfers
control from one are
Various mediums job to another. all the next processes are not
used
When the run
performed time
and inputfor
it waits is that run
e.g. required
time input.
Punch cards
Paper
tapes
Multiprogrammed Systems
Several jobs are kept in main memory at the same
time, and
the CPU is multiplexed among them.
DISADVANTAGES
1. privacy issues
2.data can be
public
3.data can
contain virus
Clustered Systems 1.no issue of
security
2.expensive
system
Distributed OS and Clustered OS
are
improve both performance,
system designed to availability,
utilizatio and resource
n.
Clustered systems are designed
operating for high
computer They
availability andaim balancing
to provideredundancy
within a andlocal
load
s. failoverapplications,
capabilities for critical cluster of typically within
a single
data center or
location.
The scope of a distributed OS extends across a
wide area
network (WAN) or even the internet, connecting
nodes that
can be located far apart geographically. While,
clustered OS
operates within a localized cluster of ofte
computers, n
located in close physical proximity within a data
center.
Embedded Systems
Anembedded operating system is
a specialized type of
operating
These system
systems are designed to run oncomputer
small, dedicated embedded
systems built systems.
into variou devices and product to contro specifi
s s l c
These systems can be found
functions or perform dedicated in a wide range of
applications,
tasks.
from consume electronic and automotiv system t
r s e s o
industrial machines and medical .
devices