ROLL BACK MALARIA
RBM
INTRODUCTION
For decades, the world has made effort to
combat malaria, a disease that has claimed
millions of lives. RBM is one major initiative in
the fight against malaria. Over the years,
considerable success has been achieved in
controlling malaria due to the strategies
introduced by RBM initiative.
ABOUT RBM
• It is a partnership, launched in 1998 by
WHO,UNICEF,UNDP and World bank and other
partners etc
• It is a global response against malaria. Each
country directs action against malaria and the
global partners supports it.
• RBM seeks to establish a social movement in
which the federal Govt, state Govt, L.G.A,
committee leaders come together in partnership
to control malaria.
RBM ABUJA 2000
• In April 2000,53 African heads of state held the
African summit on malaria control and
prevention in Abuja
• Acknowledged that malaria is preventable,
treatable, curable.
• Aim to halve the malaria mortality and morbidity
by 2010 through implementation of RBM
strategies
RBM ABUJA,2000
Declared that by 2005,
• At least 60% of women in Africa to be sleeping
under insecticide-treated nets (ITNs).
• At least 60% of those suffering from malaria have
access to prompt(within 8hrs of onset
symptoms), correct and affordable malaria
treatment.
• At least 60% of all pregnant women especially
primigravida have access to intermittent
preventive therapy.
RBM STRATEGIES TO COMBAT
MALARIA
Rapid clinical case detection and treatment
Use of ITN
Management of malaria during pregnancy
Focal control or malaria transmition in or epidemic
situation
STRATEGY 1
1.Rapid clinical case detection and
management
Patients with malaria should have access to
appropriate and adequate treatment within
24hrs of onset of symptoms
-appropriate diagnosis
-adequate treatment
SMEAR FOR MICROSCOPIC
DIAGNOSIS OF MALARIA
RAPID DIAGNOSIS TEST FOR
MALARIA
SOME COMMON ANTIMALARIALS
INNIGERIA
STRATEGY 2
2. Use of insecticide treated mosquitoe net
Insecticide treated mosquitoe should be
available and accessible to person at risk of
malaria particularly pregnant women and
children under 5yrs of age.
• ITN is a net impregnated with an insecticide
called pyrethroids, the net is retreated within
6 months or 1year.
INSECTIDES
• The chemical pyrethroids is used to treat nets,
there are two types:
• permethrin-lasts 6months,used for regular
mosquitoe nets.
• Detemethrin -lasts at least 12 months, so
mosquitoe nets with this compound are
retreated annually.
USES OF ITN
• Kill or repel mosquitoes
• Prevent physical contact with mosquitoes
• Kill or repel other insects:
– Lice
– Ticks
– Bedbugs
– Cockroaches
Enhance sleep
BENEFIT OF ITN
• Prevent mosquito bites
• Protect against malaria, resulting in less:
Anemia
Prematurity and low birth weight
Risk of maternal and newborn death
Promote growth and development of fetus
and newborn
CHALLENGES OF ITN
• Some people are yet to have ITN
• Not all people that have ITN use them
• Some people don’t like ITN because it
increases heat.
• Most ITN owners don’t take the nets for
retreatment-long lasting ITN was introduced
to overcome this problem(last up to 3yrs or 20
washes before retreatment).
ITN IN NIGERIA
• In Nigeria today,
• About 50% of households have at least 1 ITN
• And 36% of household population have access
to ITN
• But only 13% of owners sleep under ITN
STRATEGY 2
• Long lasting insecticide treated mosquitoe
net LLIN was promoted by RBM &WHO. It is
impregnated with detamethrin and-
-ensures higher protection
-more cost effective-no need for frequent
retreatment
- It is more likely to have constant insecticide
levels.
STRATEGY 3
3.Effective management and provision of
malaria prophylaxis to pregnant women
-pregnant women in their 1st and 2nd trimester
should have effective antimalarial prophylaxis
IPT(intermittent prophylactic treatment for
malaria).
-IPT clears malarial parasite in the blood and
importantly the placenta and allows the baby
to reach its full growth potential.
STRATEGY 3
• Educate pregnant women on malaria
-use of ITN
-residual spray
-environmental hygiene
• Ensure women take IPT for malaria from
16weeks(congenital malformation) but before
36wks(neonatal juandice) at least I month apart.
• Treat pregnant with appropriate antimalarials.
STRATEGY 4
4. Focal control of malaria in emergency and
epidemic situation.
-epidemics of malaria should be recognised
and steps initiated for their containment
within 1 week of onset.
Endemic areas for malaria (e.g Nigeria)
hardly experience malaria epidemics
Malaria distribution in Africa
MALARIA EFFORT SINCE 2000
• Malaria prevention and control forms part of
millennium development goal developed-
MDG 6
• The RBM partnership has endorsed the
objective by WHO to reduce malaria cases by
75% between 2000 and 2013
• Owing to a substantial scale up of prevention
and control measures , malaria case incidence
has reduced by 30% globally.
THANK YOU
For listening
