Sanjid Demo Class
Sanjid Demo Class
Reference Books:
Modern Control. Engineering, 5th edition by Katsuhiko Ogata
Control Systems Engineering 6th edition by Norman S. Nise
Feedback Control System Analysis and Synthesis. by John
Joachim D'Azzo
Modern control systems 12th edition by Richard C. Dorf,
Robert H. Bishop
Control System Engineering by Eugene Xavier
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Control System Definition
A control system consists of subsystems and
processes (or plants) assembled for the purpose of
obtaining a desired performance, given a specified
input.
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An Example
Consider an elevator. When the fourth-floor button is
pressed on the first floor, the elevator rises to the fourth floor
with a speed and floor-leveling accuracy designed for passenger
comfort. The push of the fourth-floor button is an input that
represents our desired output, shown as a step function in Figure
1.2
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Analysis and Design
Analysis: process by which a system’s performance is
determined. For example, we evaluate the transient response
and steady-state response to determine if the system meets the
desired performance.
Design: process by which a system’s performance is changed.
For example if a system’s transient and steady-state response
are found not to meet the specifications, then we change the
parameters to meet the specifications.
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Open Loop System
A Open loop control system is one in which the control action is
independent of output or in which the output has no effect upon
the input signal.
Important features of Open loop control systems
1. Their ability to perform accurately is determined by their
calibration.
2. They are not generally troubled with problems of instability.
Controller Process
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Some Real Life Examples (Contd.)
2. Close-loop Control System example
A man walking on a road with his eyes open.
Controller Process
Feedback element
Some more real life closed loop system examples
• Human being reaching for an object.
• Speed Control of DC motor. 10
Case Study: Position Control System
(a)
(b)
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Case Study: PCS(Contd.)
The purpose of this system is to have the azimuth angle output of the
antenna to follow the input angle .
The input angular displacement is converted to voltage by potentiometer
(Input transducer).
Similarly, the output angular displacement is converted to voltage by
another potentiometer (Output transducer or sensor).
The signal and power amplifier (controller) boost the actuating signal.
The amplified actuating signal drives the motor, load, and gears (plant).
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Case Study: PCS(Contd.)
The system normally operates to drive the error to zero. When
the input and output match, the error will be zero, and the
motor will not turn.
The greater the error (the different between input and output),
the larger the motor input voltage, and the faster the motor will
turn.
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Thank You
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