Quantum Computing
Quantum Computing
QUANTUM
COMPUTING
Tayyaba Zanib
Kaneez Fatima 01
Nimra Sohail
INTRODUC
TION
• Quantum computing is a transformative technology
that uses quantum mechanics to solve problems
beyond the capability of classical computers.
• Quantum computers rely on the principles of
quantum mechanics to process data.
• Quantum computing is all about “bits,” or units of
information. But a quantum bit (qubit) is more than a
bit. A qubit can be a 0, 1, or 2 at the same time,
depending on the environment it’s in . And a qubit
can exist in one of those states at any given
moment. Most computer bits only exist in a 0 or 1 at
a time.
• Quantum computers are still in the very early stages
of development, but they’re expected to become a 02
Key Milestones
Modern Era
Major
Players
Challenge
s
Quantum decoherence: qubits lose their quantum
state quickly.
04
Error correction: high error rates hinder reliable
computation.
THIS ROADMAP OUTLINES ITS
DEVELOPMENT STAGES, KEY
MILESTONES, AND INVESTMENT
NEEDS.
Build the Basics (0–5 Years)
05
PHASE 1: BUILD
THE BASICS (0–
5 YEARS)
•- Goal:
Create reliable and powerful qubits.
•- Milestones:
Improve qubit quality for accurate calculations.
Develop error correction methods.
Experiment with quantum materials and platforms.
•- Investments:
Government research grants.
Corporate R&D (e.g., Google, IBM).
Support for startups and universities. 06
PHASE 2: EARLY
COMMERCIAL
PRODUCTS (5–10
•- Goal:
Build small quantum computers for
YEARS) business use.
•- Milestones:
Offer cloud-based quantum services.
Scale up to 1,000+ qubits.
•Show quantum advantage in specific
tasks.
•- Investments:
Venture capital for startups.
Partnerships between industry and
academia.
Training programs for quantum skills.
07
PHASE 3:
BUSINESS AND
INDUSTRY USE
•- Goal:
Use quantum computing for solving
(10–20 YEARS)
industry problems.
•- Milestones:
Achieve fault-tolerant quantum
computing.
Develop tools for industries like healthcare
and finance.
Integrate quantum systems with business
IT infrastructure.
•- Investments:
Government policies supporting quantum
adoption.
Industrial pilot projects.
08
Training a skilled workforce.
PHASE 4:
QUANTUM
EVERYWHERE
(20+ YEARS)
•- Goal:
Make quantum computing a normal part of life.
•- Milestones:
Build computers with millions of qubits.
Use quantum for global issues like climate
change.
Secure communication with quantum
cryptography.
•- Investments:
Infrastructure for global quantum networks.
Policies for safe, ethical use.
Long-term R&D funding. 09
CHALLENGES
AND COSTS
•- Challenges:
Technical: Error rates, scalability.
•Economic: High costs of R&D.
Skills: Lack of trained professionals.
Security: Potential misuse.
•- Costs:
First 10 years: $50–100 billion globally.
Long-term: $200+ billion, including infrastructure
and training.
10
CONCLU
•Quantum computing has the potential
SION
to revolutionize industries and solve
critical global challenges. This
roadmap provides a structured plan to
guide its development, ensuring
progress through key milestones and
strategic investments.
11