Subject: Management Information Systems

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Software in implementing an Information System
☞ Case study
☞ E.g. Girl Scout Cookies are American favorites.
☞ The Girl Scouts’ traditional cookie-ordering process depends on mountains of paperwork.
The sales staff marked on an individual order card and turned the card in to the troop
leader when she was finished. Leader turn into a form and give it to a community volunteer
who tabulated the orders. The orders data passed to a regional council headquarters, where
they would be batched into final orders for the manufacturer, ABC Cookies.
☞ Dovetail - accounting and business management solutions provider - providing a clear
central source of data for the entire council and easy online entry of cookie orders over the
Web.
☞ The solution would perform a variety of functions:
☞ Tracking order
☞ Managing the Cookie Cupboard

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Software in implementing an Information System
☞ Case study
☞ E.g. Amazon
☞ Amazon uses an ERP software called Systems Analysis and Program
Development (SAP).
☞ SAP - created in Germany in 1972 - a software integration of all business
and data processing in real-time.
☞ Now SAP business customers can manage their…
- Finances
- Logistical business needs
- Human resources
- Order management
- Sales
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 Software in implementing an Information System
On the left, a
menu allows
users to choose
which area of
business they’d
like to view –
from marketing
to third-party
order
fulfillment, all
aspects of the
business are
provided

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Software in implementing an Information System
☞ Case study
☞ E.g. Startbucks
☞ Starbucks uses Oracle ERP – a cloud-based software solution used
to automate back-office processes and day-to-day business activities.
☞ It’s a business management software suite that includes financial
management, supply chain management, project management, accounting,
and procurement.
☞ Oracle E-Business Suite provides users applications for
- customer relationship management (CRM)
- enterprise resource planning (ERP)
- supply chain management (SCM) processes.

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 Software in implementing an Information System
Shows revenue
analyses and
includes
information you
need to know at-
a-glance
including:
• Revenue
• Expenses
• Sales data
• Inventory
management
• Operations
updates
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Software in implementing an Information System
☞ Case study
☞ E.g. Toyota
☞ Toyota wanted to expand its reach globally to offer high-quality
services like improved operational management accuracy, a paperless system,
reduction of work hours, and increase in overall efficiency.
☞ Toyota chose Microsoft Dynamics 365 for the job
☞ Dynamics helps manage the after-sales service skills and operations
for distributors offering services to their products to customers all over the
world.

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 Software in implementing an Information System
Dynamics
Summary page
allows the
company to
view
- budget
information
- opportunities
for sales
- timelines.

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Four steps to build a system
Developing an
information
system solution is
based on the
problem- solving
process

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 Define the problem of an Organization
☞ Defining the problem may take some work because various members of
the company may have different ideas about the nature of the problem and
its severity.
☞ Information systems problems in the business world typically result from a
combination of people, organization, and technology factors.
☞ Once the problem has been defined and analyzed, it is possible to
make some decisions about what should and can be done.
☞ At the most basic level, the information requirements of a new system
identify who needs what information, where, when, and how.
☞ Requirements analysis carefully defines the objectives of the new or modified
system and develops a detailed description of the functions that the new system
must perform.
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Define the problem of an Organization (con’t)
☞ E.g. Girl Scouts. - ordering process is heavily manual and cannot support
the large number of volunteers and cookie orders that must be coordinated. -
would be to reduce the amount of time, effort, and errors in the cookie-ordering
process.
☞ Information requirements for the solution include:
☞ the ability to rapidly total and organize order transactions for transmittal
to ABC Cookies.
☞ the ability to track orders by type of cookie, troop, and
individual Girl Scout
☞ the ability to schedule deliveries to the Cookie Cupboard
☞ the ability to schedule order pickups from the Cookie
Cupboard
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 Specify functional requirement in front-end and back-end
☞ The first step in implementing a system solution is to create detailed design
specifications.
☞ Systems design shows how the chosen solution should be realized.
☞ The system design is the model or blueprint for an information system solution and
consists of all the specifications that will deliver the functions identified during systems
analysis.
E.g. Design Content
Specification
☞ Calculate order totals by type of cookie and number of boxes
☞ Track orders by troop and individual Girl Scout
Processing
☞ Schedule pickups at the Cookie Cupboard
☞ Update Girl Scout and troop data for address and member changes

☞ Job design: Volunteers no longer have to tabulate orders

Organizational
☞ Process design: Take orders on manual cards but enter them online into the system
changes
☞ Schedule order pickups from the Cookie Cupboard online
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 Specify functional requirement in front-end and back-end(con’t)
Design
Content
Specification
☞ Order data entry form
☞ Troop data entry form
Input
☞ Girl Scout data entry form
☞ Shipping/delivery data entry form
☞ Online reports
☞ Hard-copy reports
Output ☞ Online queries
☞ Order transactions for ABC Cookies
☞ Delivery tickets for the trucking firm
User interface ☞Graphical Web interface
Database ☞Database with cookie order file, delivery file, troop contact file
Security and ☞Online passwords
controls ☞Control totals
☞Input Girl Scout and troop data
Conversion ☞Transfer factory and delivery data
☞Test system

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Specify functional requirement in front-end and back-end (con’t)
☞ Functional Requirements
☞ E.g. Users should be able to browse and search for order based on type
of cookies, and price range.
☞ E.g. Users should be able to view order details, such as descriptions,
images, and review
☞ E.g. Users should be able to add cookies to a cart and checkout securely
☞ Internal Interfaces
☞ User Interfaces
☞ E.g. Back-end software: Node.js
☞ E.g. Database software: MongoDB
☞ E.g. Front-end software: React Native

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Choosing development environment for your organization
☞ Oracle ERP, SAP, and Odoo are three leading Enterprise Resource
Planning (ERP) software solutions that help businesses streamline their
operations and improve overall efficiency.
☞ Each of these platforms offers a unique set of features and capabilities,
catering to different business needs and requirements.
Comparison
Odoo SAP Oracle
Type

A. Provides tools to handle multi-level

sub-projects
A. AR Automation
B. Provides end-to-end account A. Revenue recognition
B. Cash Management
management B. Risk management
Features C. Inventory tracking
C. Manage all points of sales C. Compliance and governance
and forecasting
operations D. Procurement
D. Batch Management
D. Invoice monitoring and tracking
receipts
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Choosing development environment for your organization
Comparison
Odoo SAP Oracle
Type
A. Offers robust
functionality and
A. Open-source and scalability, making it
customizable, allowing for suitable for large A. Customizable reports
flexibility and cost- enterprises through the Reports and
effectiveness B. Provides real-time Analytics window
B. User-friendly interface and data insights and B. Streamlined project
Pros intuitive navigation make it analytics, allowing for tracking for easy
easy for non-technical users informed decision- implementation by the team
C. Offers various modules making C. User-friendly interface
and features, including CRM, C. Offers various with easily customizable
inventory management, modules and features, apps
accounting, and more including supply chain
management,
financials, and more
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Choosing development environment for your organization
Comparison
Odoo SAP Oracle
Type

A. It can be expensive
to implement and A. Complex integrations with
A. Limited support options maintain, making it non-Oracle systems, often
compared to other ERP less accessible for requiring adaptation
systems smaller businesses B. Insufficient testing of
B. May require additional B. Can be complex some Planning features,
Cons customization to meet and difficult to use for leading to potential bugs for
specific business needs non-technical users end-users
C. It may not be suitable for C. May require C. Steep learning curve for
larger enterprises with additional end-users across various
complex operations customization to meet industries due to
specific business standardization
needs
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Choosing development environment for your organization
Comparison
Odoo SAP Oracle
Type

A. Free Trial– Available

A. Free Trial– Not B. Financial Reporting
A. Free Trial– Available
available compliance–
B. Standard –
B. Consumption-based $175/user/month
Pricing $24.90/month/user
pricing C. Advanced Financial
C. Custom -
C. Subscription-based Controls– $80/user/month
$37.40/month/user
pricing D. Advanced Access
Controls– $150/user/month

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Choosing development environment for your organization
Comparison
Odoo SAP Oracle
Type

A. 24/5 online support A. 24/7 Online Support

B. Dedicated resource center B. Comprehensive A. 24/7 support
Customer
C. Video tutorials FAQ section B. In-application guidance
Support
D. Training/educational C. Blogs and user C. On-demand training
material guides

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Sum up
☞ Four steps to build a system.
☞ Define and understand the problem
☞ Develop alternative solutions
☞ Choose the best solution
☞ Implement the solution
☞ What is the content of information requirements?
☞ Information requirements identify who needs what information, where, when, and how
☞ Requirements analysis carefully defines the objectives of the new or modified system and
develops a detailed description of the functions that the new system must perform.
☞ What is the content of Systems design?
☞ Systems design is the model or blueprint for an information system solution and consists
of all the specifications that will deliver the functions identified during systems analysis.

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