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Lab 06 - SQL (DML)-01

Data Manipulation Language

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5 views13 pages

Lab 06 - SQL (DML)-01

Data Manipulation Language

Uploaded by

hayamousa78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SQL (DML)

Data Manipulating Language (DML)


• Data Manipulation Language (DML)
statements are used for managing data within
schema objects.

• Some examples:
– INSERT - insert data into a table.
– SELECT - retrieve data from the database.
– UPDATE - updates existing data within a table.
– DELETE - deletes all records from a table, the
space for the records remain.
Insert into
• The SQL INSERT INTO Statement is used to
add new rows of data to a table in the
database.
• There are two basic syntaxes of INSERT INTO
statement as follows:
– INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME (column1, column2,
column3,...columnN)] VALUES (value1, value2,
value3,...valueN);

– INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME VALUES


(value1,value2,value3,...valueN);
Insert Into Example
– INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS
(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)VALUES (1,
'Ramesh', 32, 'Ahmed abad', 2000.00 );

– INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS VALUES (7, 'Muffy', 24,


'Indore', 10000.00 );
Select
• SQL SELECT statement is used to fetch the
data from a database table which returns data
in the form of result table. These result tables
are called result-sets.

• The basic syntax of SELECT statement is as


follows:
– SELECT column1, column2, columnN FROM
table_name;
– SELECT * FROM table_name;
Basic Select Examples
– SELECT ID, NAME, SALARY FROM CUSTOMERS;
– SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS;
Where / and / or - Clause
• Where clause:
– The SQL WHERE clause is used to specify a
condition while fetching the data from single table
or joining with multiple tables.

• AND | OR clause
– YOU CAN JOIN SEVERAL CONDITIONS USING
(AND, OR)
Where clause:

• WHERE salary>1300
• WHERE name=’Ahmad’;
• WHERE city IN (‘Jenin’, ‘Ram Allah’);
• WHERE salary BETWEEN 1500 and 3000;
• WHERE OrderDate BETWEEN #07/04/1996# AND
#07/09/1996#;
• WHERE salary NOT BETWEEN 1500 and 3000;
LIKE clause

• The SQL LIKE clause is used to compare a value to


similar values using wildcard operators. There are two
wildcards used in conjunction with the LIKE operator:
– The percent sign (%) ; the percent sign represents zero, one,
or multiple characters.

– The underscore (_); the underscore represents a single


number or character.
• The symbols can be used in combinations ( _ _ _), But if ;for
example; city name contains ( _ ) like Jenin_City then we can use
( \ ) to treats ( _ ) as a character.
– Examples
• WHERE city_name LIKE ‘%in\_City’;
• WHERE name like ‘Mr. %’;
• WHERE product like ‘% table%’;
ORDER BY clause
– SELECT column-list FROM table_name [WHERE
condition] [ORDER BY column1, column2, ..
columnN] [ASC | DESC];

– SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS ORDER BY NAME, SALARY;

– SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS ORDER BY NAME DESC;


DISTINCT
• The SELECT DISTINCT statement is used to
return only distinct (different) values.

• Inside a table, a column often contains many


duplicate values; and sometimes you only
want to list the different (distinct) values.

– SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2, ...


FROM table_name;
Insert / select
• You can populate data into a table through
select statement over another table provided
another table has a set of fields, which are
required to populate first table. Here is the
syntax:

– INSERT INTO first_table_name [(column1,


column2, ... columnN)] SELECT column1,
column2, ...columnN FROM second_table_name
[WHERE condition];
Schema Example / HR Schema Oracle

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