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Ppt -4 (Poisson Distribution)

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75 views9 pages

Ppt -4 (Poisson Distribution)

Uploaded by

r730466chandravanshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Module IV

Statistical Techniques-II
Contents:
 Discrete Probability distribution:
POISSION DISTRIBUTION
POISSION DISTRIBUTION
Poission distribution as a limiting case of
Binomial distribution
If the parameters n and p of a binomial
distribution are known , we can find the
distribution. But in situations where n is very
large and p is very small, application of binomial
distribution is very laborious. But if we assume
as and p 0 such that
np always remain finite, say
For a
……..(1)
where is a finite number = np
equation (1) represents a probability distribution
which is called the Poisson probability distribution.
Note 1. is called the parameter of the distribution.
Note 2. The sum of probabilities P(r) for r=0,1, 2,3, ….is 1.

RECURRENCE FORMULA FOR POISSION DISTRIBUTION


For Poission distribution
MEAN OF THE POISSION DISTRIBUTION
Mean
=

=
VARIANCE OF POISSION DISTRIBUTION
Variance = .
=
=
=
=
=
= = (1+ )=
Thus the mean and variance of poission distribution are each equal to
parameter .
Example. Using poission distribution , find the probability that the ace of spades will be
Drawn from a pack of well – shuffled cards at least once in 104 consecutive trials.

Sol. Probability of the ace of spades


so =
so probability
P(at least once ace of spades)
= p(1) +P(2) + P(3)+…….+P(104)
= 1 – P (0)
=
Example. A skilled typist , on routine work kept a record of mistakes made per
day during 300 working days.
Mistakes 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
per day

No. of days 143 90 42 12 9 3 1


Fit a Poission distribution to the following data.

Sol. Mean of given distribution =


So
Required poisson distribution
No.of Mistakes Probability Theoritical
frequency
0 123.3 123

1 109.5 110

2 48.9 49

3 14.4 14

4 3.3 3

5 0.6 1

6 0.09 0
Example. If the variance of the poission distribution is 2, find the probabilities
for r = 1, 2, 3, 4 from the recurrence relation of the poission distribution.

Sol. Variance of poisson distribution =


Reccurence relation for poisson distribution is
……. (1)

Now
Putting r=0,1, 2, 3 in (1), we get

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