Design and Development of Solar
Inverter for Domestic Application
Presented by: R22EM0XXXX
School of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering
Guide: [Guide's Name]
REVA University
Introduction
• • Growing emphasis on renewable energy
sources.
• • Solar energy – abundant and eco-friendly.
• • Solar inverters convert DC from solar panels
to AC for household use.
• • Focus on designing a 12V DC to 220V AC
inverter for domestic applications.
Project Objectives
• • High-efficiency conversion of 12V DC to
220V AC.
• • Ensure affordability for small-scale users.
• • Reliable system design for household loads.
• • Foundation for future enhancements (MPPT,
sinusoidal output).
Literature Survey
• • PWM-Based Inverters – Stable voltage, cost-
effective.
• • MPPT-Enabled Inverters – Maximize energy
extraction.
• • Square Wave Inverters – Affordable, basic
use.
• • Sinusoidal Inverters – High efficiency, costly.
Gaps Identified
• • Cost Constraints – Expensive pure sine wave
inverters.
• • Complexity – Advanced components
increase difficulty.
• • Size and Portability – Few compact designs
available.
• • Integration – Battery integration can be
improved.
Components Required
• • +12V Battery, CD4047 IC (Oscillator),
IRF540N MOSFET.
• • Step-up Transformer (12V to 220V), Diodes,
Capacitors.
• • Tools: Multimeter, Soldering kit, Breadboard.
Circuit Diagram
• • Key Components:
• - Solar Panel
• - Battery
• - Oscillator (CD4047 IC)
• - MOSFET Switching Stage
• - Step-up Transformer
Circuit Explanation
• • Solar Panel: Converts sunlight to 12V DC.
• • Battery: Stores energy for low sunlight
periods.
• • Oscillator: Generates 50Hz square wave.
• • MOSFETs: Switch current to produce AC
output.
• • Transformer: Steps up 12V to 220V AC.
Working Principle
• • Solar panels convert sunlight to DC
(Photovoltaic Effect).
• • DC power stored in battery, sent to inverter.
• • Inverter converts 12V DC to 220V AC.
• • MOSFETs switch at 50Hz, creating AC output.
Results and Testing
• • Testing Parameters:
• - Input Voltage: 12V DC
• - Output Voltage: 220V AC (Square Wave)
• - Efficiency: 85%
• - Load Capacity: 150W (Household Devices)
Challenges and Solutions
• • Heat Dissipation – Implemented heat sinks.
• • Waveform Stability – Enhanced filtering with
capacitors.
Conclusion
• • Developed cost-effective solar inverter for
domestic use.
• • Converts 12V DC to 220V AC for household
loads.
• • Reliable and efficient design for small-scale
applications.
Future Scope
• • MPPT Integration – Maximize energy
efficiency.
• • Compact Design – Reduce physical size.
• • SPWM – Pure sine wave output.
• • IoT Monitoring – Remote control and
tracking.
References
• 1. Journal of Renewable Energy, 2020.
• 2. IEEE Transactions, 2019.
• 3. GreenTech Journal, 2021.
• 4. International Journal of Energy Research,
2022.
• 5. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
2023.
