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Chapter 2

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6 views

Chapter 2

Uploaded by

Syed Sadiq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Chapter 2: Algorithmic Structures in

MATLAB

Author

image here
For: iterative statement
Iterative applications
If: conditional statement
Conditional applications
Outline
The for loop

The general form of for loop is:


for i=beginning :step: final
program statements
end

Where beginning, step, and final are integers or real numbers.

Example 1:
Find the sum of the integers from 5 to 100.

3
Solution

Open an m file (example1.m)


sum=0;
for i=5:100
sum=sum+i;
end
disp(‘sum’)
disp(sum)

To run the above file, type in the command window


>>example1

4
Example 2

Find the sum of the odd integers between 1 and 100.

sum=0;
for i=1:2:100
sum=sum+i;
end
disp(‘sum of odd integers between 1 and 100 is:’);
disp(sum)

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Example 3

Find the sum of the first 10 terms as below.


1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1        
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
sum=0;
for i=1:10
sum=sum+1/i;
end
disp(‘sum of the 10 terms is:’);
disp(sum)

6
Functions (reminder)

The general form of a function in MATLAB is


function [rv1 rv2 … rvn]=Function_Name(pv1,pv2,..,pvn)
where
rv1, rv2,.. are the outputs
pv1, pv2,.. are the inputs.
The body of the function will contain the relations between the
outputs and inputs.

7
Example 4

Write a function “sumN” that finds the sum of the first N term of the
series below. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1         .... 
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 N
function s=sumN(N)
s=0;
for i=1:N
s=s+1/i;
end

To run this function code, type in the command window:


>>sumN(5);
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Example 5

Write a function “expN” that finds the sum of the first N term of the
series below for a given value of x. N x i
 i!
i 0
function s=expN(N,x)
s=0;
for i=0:N
s=s+x^i/factorial(i);
end

In the command window:


>>p=expN(5,1);
9
Conditional Statements
if statement

Conditional statement are used to perform certain task if certain


conditions are met or not
The general structure of if statement is:
if expression
statements
elseif expression
statements
else
statements
end

11
Example 1 n1=input('enter number1 ');
Create a program that accepts two n2=input('enter number2 ');
numbers and display the bigger
one if n1>n2
disp(n1)
else
disp(n2)
end

12
Example 2 n1=input('enter number1 ');
Create a program that compares n2=input('enter number2 ');
two numbers inputted by the user
and display the comparison result if n1>n2
disp('n1>n2')
elseif n1<n2
disp('n1<n2')
else
disp('the numbers are identical')
end

13
Example 3 nrows = 6;
ncols = 6;
1-Create a matrix and fill it with 1
A = ones(nrows,ncols)
2-Loop through the matrix and
assign each element a new value: for c = 1:ncols
2 on the main diagonal for r = 1:nrows

-1 on the adjacent diagonals


if r == c
0 everywhere else. A(r,c) = 2;
elseif abs(r-c) == 1
A(r,c) = -1;
else
A(r,c) = 0;
end

end
end
A
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Example 4 syms hw pr mt et total
nbr=input('enter the number of student ')
Create a program that collects the
n students’ grades (Homework, for i=1:nbr
Project, mid-term & End-term) and fprintf('student %i\n',i)
hw(i)=input('enter the homework grade ');
determines if the student has pr(i)=input('enter the project grade ');
passed or failed the course mt(i)=input('enter the midterm exam grade ');
et(i)=input('enter the endterm exam grade ');
end

for i=1:nbr
moy(i)=hw(i)+pr(i)+mt(i)+ et(i);
end

for i=1:nbr
if moy(i)<60
fprintf('student %i got %d,
so he has failed\n',i,moy(i))
else
fprintf('student %i got %d, so he
has passed\n',i,moy(i))
end
end
15
Homework 2
Redo the previous example
while taking all possible
grades (F, D, D+, C, C+, B,
B+, A & a+) into account

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