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Acute Sickle Cell Crisis Presentation

An 18-year-old female migrant presented with severe abdominal pain and weakness, diagnosed with an acute vaso-occlusive crisis due to sickle cell disease. Laboratory findings indicated severe anemia and hemolysis, consistent with the diagnosis. The management plan includes pain control, hydration, oxygen therapy, and long-term strategies such as hydroxyurea therapy and patient education to prevent future crises.

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asqarmojala21
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8 views9 pages

Acute Sickle Cell Crisis Presentation

An 18-year-old female migrant presented with severe abdominal pain and weakness, diagnosed with an acute vaso-occlusive crisis due to sickle cell disease. Laboratory findings indicated severe anemia and hemolysis, consistent with the diagnosis. The management plan includes pain control, hydration, oxygen therapy, and long-term strategies such as hydroxyurea therapy and patient education to prevent future crises.

Uploaded by

asqarmojala21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Acute Sickle Cell Crisis in a

Migrant Patient
Case Analysis and Management Plan
Presented by: [Your Name]
Date: [Insert Date]
Case Overview
• - Patient: 18-year-old female
• - Chief Complaint: Severe abdominal pain and
weakness for one day
• - Relevant Background:
• - Recent refugee from a Sub-Saharan country
(high prevalence of sickle cell disease)
• - No prior known medical history available
Detailed Laboratory Findings
• WBC: 15.63 G/L (High; Ref: 4-10 G/L)
• Neutrophil %: 46.0% (Normal; Ref: 40-70%)
• RBC: 2.30 T/L (Low; Ref: 4.1-5.1 T/L)
• Hemoglobin: 72 g/L (Low; Ref: 123-153 g/L)
• Reticulocyte %: 18.3% (High; Ref: 0.5-2%)
• LDH: 540 U/L (High; Ref: <170 U/L)
• Haptoglobin: Undetectable (Low; Ref: 0.3-2.0
g/L)
Blood Smear Analysis
• - Sickle-shaped red blood cells (RBCs)
• - Target cells
• - Fragmented RBCs
• - Polychromasia indicating increased
reticulocytes
• - Consistent with sickle cell disease (SCD) and
ongoing hemolysis
Diagnosis
• - Primary Diagnosis: Acute Vaso-Occlusive
Crisis (VOC) in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
• - Supporting Evidence:
• - Sickle-shaped cells on smear
• - Severe anemia, reticulocytosis, and
hemolysis markers
• - Clinical presentation with pain crisis
Pathophysiology of Vaso-Occlusive
Crisis
• - Hemoglobin S Mutation:
• - Causes RBC deformation (sickle shape)
under low oxygen, dehydration, or stress
• - Consequences:
• - Vaso-occlusion → ischemic tissue injury and
pain
• - Chronic hemolysis → anemia and jaundice
Acute Management Plan
• 1. Pain Control: Administer opioids for severe
pain
• 2. Hydration: IV fluids to reduce sickling and
improve circulation
• 3. Oxygen Therapy: Maintain adequate
oxygenation to prevent further sickling
• 4. Blood Transfusion: Consider in cases of
severe anemia
• 5. Infection Monitoring: Treat or prevent
infections
Long-Term Management Strategy
• - Preventative Care:
• - Hydroxyurea therapy to reduce frequency
of crises
• - Prophylactic vaccination for encapsulated
organisms
• - Regular health monitoring for chronic
complications
• - Patient Education: Avoid triggers like
dehydration, cold exposure, and infections
• - Genetic Counseling: Family planning and
Conclusion
• - Early diagnosis and management of VOC are
crucial to prevent severe complications
• - Migrants from endemic regions should be
assessed for hemoglobinopathies
• - Long-term care and prevention strategies
improve patient outcomes

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