VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI -590018,KARNATAKA

PROJECT REPORT
ON
“IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG
CONTAINERS”
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY

S UPENDRA 1SJ20EC130
SHREYAS S R 1SJ20EC136
SUDARSHAN.G 1SJ20EC147

Under the guidance of

Dr.S BHARGAVI
Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SJC INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
CHICKBALLAPUR-562101
2023-24
 SJC INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the P roject work entitled “IOT ENABLED
SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS Carried out by
S.UPENDRA(1SJ20EC130),SHREYAS.S.R(1SJ20EC136),SUDARSHAN.G
(1SJ20EC147), are bonafide students of SJC Institute of Technology in partial
fulfilment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in
Electronics and Communication Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological
University, Belagavi during the year 2023-24. It is certified that all corrections or
suggestions indicated for internal assessment have been incorporated and deposited
to department library. The Project report has been approved as satisfied academic
requirements in respect of Project work prescribed for Bachelor of Engineering
Degree.

Signature of Guide Signature of Coordinator Signature of HOD Signature of Principal

Dr.S Bhargavi Ravi M V Dr.C Rangaswamy Dr.G T Raju
Professor Assistant Professor Professor & Head Principal
Dept.of ECE Dept.of ECE Dept.of ECE SJC Institute of Technology
SJC Institute of Technology SJC Institute of Technology SJC Institute of Technology Chickballapur
Chickballapur Chickballapur Chickballapur

EXTERNAL VIVA
Name of the Examiners Signature of Examiners
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In performing our Project report,we had to take the help and guidelines of some respected
persons, who deserve the greatest gratitude. The completion of the project, gives us much
pleasure.We consider it is privilege to express our respect to all those who guided us in
completion of the project report, without whom the efforts would not have led to success.

By seeking the divine blessings, we submit our humble pranamas to holiness of Sri Sri Sri
Dr. Nirmalanandanatha Mahaswamiji.

We would like to thank the management and Principal Dr. G. T. Raju for providing all the
required facilities and mainly the academic environment.
.
We is a great privilege to place on record of expressing our deepest sense of gratitude to
Dr. C Rangaswamy HOD,Department of Electronics and Communication,who patronised
throughout our career and for facilities provided to carry out the work successfully.

We would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of the project
guide of Professor.Dr. S Bhargavi for the invaluable support and guidance at the time of
work.

Furthermore, we would also like to acknowledge the project coordinator Assistant Professor
Ravi M V, for the support and guidance which helped us completes of our project .

We also thank the Teaching and Non-teaching staff members who have helped us directly or
indirectly during the Project report.

Finally, we would like to thank our family members and friends for their kind co-operation
and motivation to complete this work successfully .

S UPENDRA 1SJ20EC130
SHREYAS S R 1SJ20EC136
SUDARSHAN G 1SJ20EC147
I
 ABSTRACT

There are many methods are available for booking a LPG gas in the gas agency. Methods include
online booking, telephonic booking etc. But sometimes user may forget to do the booking due to
the various reasons. It will be difficult situation for the one who uses LPG gas for cooking
regularly. So we have proposed a new system which automatically book a cylinder when the gas is
about to empty by sending a SMS by using GSM. . In addition to that LPG sensor is used to detect
gas leakage in the home. If any gas leakage detected automatically it will send SMS to the owner
and operates regulator to avoid leakage. GSM is one of the most cellular networks used in India. In
our project load cell have been used to monitor the weight of the LPG gas regularly. The values are
next feed to the microcontroller. If the gas level in the cylinder goes below the threshold level, then
a SMS will be sent to gas agency automatically to book the new cylinder. Then a reply SMS will be
sending to the customer about the booking status. At the same time application software must
developed in the gas agency to inform and record the booking.

II
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
TABLE OF CONTENTS III-VI
LIST OF FIGURES V

CHAPTER NO. CHAPTER NAME PAGE NO.

CHAPTER 1 PREAMBLE 1-2

1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 OBJECTIVES 2
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT 2
1.4 METHODOLOGY 2
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE SURVEY 3-4
CHAPTER 3 PROPOSED SYSTEM 5-7
3.1 BRIEF OF PROPOSED SYSTEM 5
3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED 5
SYSTEM
CHAPTER 4 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE 8-24
REQUIREMENTS

4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS 8

4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 8

4.1.1 ARDUINO UNO R3 9

4.1.2 7805 VOLTAGE REGULATO 11
4.1.3 BUZZER 13
4.1.4 NODE MCU ESP66 12E 14
4.1.5 LCD 15
4.1.6 HX711 LOAD CELL AMPLIFIER 16
4.1.7 MQ2 GAS SENSOR 17
4.1.8 FIRE SENSOR 18
4.1.9 GSM MODULE 18
4.2.1 ARDUINO IDE 20

ⅡI
 4.2.2 MENU SECTION 20
4.2.3 TOOL BAR SECTION 21
4.2.4 CODE EDITOR SECTION 21
4.2.5 STATUS BAR SECTION 22
4.2.6 SERIAL PORT AND BOARD SELECTION 22
4.2.7 PROGRAM NOTIFICATION SECTION 22
4.2.8 LIBRARYS IN THE ARDUINO IDE PACKAGE 23
4.2.9 KICAD 23

CHAPTER 5 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE 25

IMPLEMENTATION
25
5.1 CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC
25
5.2 3D VIEW OF CIRCUIT BOARD
CHAPTER 6 26
FLOW CHART OF WORKING PROJECT
CHAPTER 7 27-30
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
7.1 PROJECT MODULE 27
7.2 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 27

CHAPTER 8 PLAN OF ACTION AND EXECUTION 31

32
CHAPTER 9 ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS
32
9.1 ADVANTAGES
32
9.2 APPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 10 33
CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE
33
10.1 CONCLUSION
33
10.2 FUTURE SCOPE
REFERENCES
PAPER PRESENTATION 34-35

IV
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURES FIGURE NAME PAGE NO

Figure 3.1 Block diagram of proposed system 5

Figure 4.1 Board diagram of Arduino uno R3 9
Figure 4.2 Circuit diagram of 7805 regulator 11
Figure 4.3 Inter circuit diagram of 7805 regulator 12
Figure 4.4 Buzzer 13
Figure 4.5 Model diagram of Node MCU 14
Figure 4.6 Circuit diagram of LCD 15
Figure 4.7 Loadcell connection & it’s pinout 16
Figure 4.8 MQ2 Gas sensor 17
Figure 4.9 Fire sensor 18
Figure 4.10 GSM Module 18

Figure 4.2.1 Arduino Software Interface 20

Figure 4.2.2 Menu section 20
Figure 4.3.4 Toolbar Section 21
Figure 4.3.5 Code editor section 21
Figure 4.3.6 Status bar Section 22
Figure 4.3.7 Program Notification Section 22
Figure 4.3.8 Serial port & Board Selection 22
Figure 5.1 Circuit Schematic 25
Figure 5.2 3D view of circuit board 25
Figure 7.1 Overview of the Module 35
Figure 7.2 Weight of Cylinder Display in webpage 35
Figure 7.3 Gas leakage Detection display in webpage 36
Figure 7.4 Gas Fire detection Display in Webpage 36
Figure 7.4 Display of weight in LCD 37
Figure 7.5 Display of Gas leakage in LCD 37
Figure 7.6 Display of Fire detection in LCD 37
Figure 7.7 Gas Leakage & fire detection notification 38
sent to Mobile
V
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLES PAGE NO

Table 8.1: Plan of action and execution 39

VI
CHAPTER 1

PREAMBLE
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 1
PREAMBLE
1.1 INTRODUCTION

These days liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is widely used in many fields, especially in household
purposes. The leakage of LPG may lead to severe casualties. So there is a risk of increased
accidents, with rise. in its usage. So it's necessary to have a system which continuously monitors
the LPG cylinder. This project has an effective way of monitoring the gas quantity in the container
and also to detect any leakage to notify the user by means of internet through IOT module.[1]
With the raising demand for LPG, users have to be compelled to pre book their LPG cylinder a
minimum of a month before the delivery of the new LPG cylinder. Most of the days, users find it
difficult to figure out what quantity of LPG left at intervals the cylinder and this causes tons of
bother to them.
The principal participants in the LPG industry – producers, suppliers, traders, marketers,
equipment manufacturers, transporters and installers – all have responsibilities in the area of
safety. They should collaborate to ensure the efficient discharge of their responsibilities. Because
of the wide range of LPG applications, and the variations in the scale of usage, there are many
categories of consumer. These range from households (often the largest single category) to
industrial or chemical complexes where LPG may be only one of many hazardous products on
site. [3]
Now a day‟s every one want a facility which reduce their efforts, time and provide a way to do
their work more easily. For cooking food all lpg gas is used. It produced in 1910 by „Dr. Walter
Snelling‟. LPG is a mixture of commercial propane and commercial butane having saturated as
well as unsaturated hydrocarbons. LPG having versatile nature so its demand raise day by day.

In INDIA gas distributer uses IVRS, SMS or ONLINE booking for LPG which are time
consuming methods in fast running life.Some uneducated people are not able to do these task and
busy schedule people they haven’t sufficient time to do all the activity. Also safety plays the
important role. As there are many accidents happen due to gas leakage. So to avoid these
difficulties this project is developed. This project is designed by considering a safety issues and
also provide Easy way for LPG booking. In the project MQ-6 gas sensor is use to sense the
leakage gas. After that leakage motor will close the regulator and through GSM message is send to
the user.

Dept of ECE, SJCIT 1 2023-24

IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

1.2 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this project are:
1) Detection of leakage occurring by an LPG cylinder.
2) Monitoring the level of gas left in the cylinder used in households , restaurants , Industries.
3) Detection of fire LPG cylinder and sending indication through a notification to household
people.
.
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT
A significant challenge associated with LPG gas usage is the occurrence of leaks. The primary
issue lies in the fact that even when an alarm is activated, users may remain unaware of the gas
leakage if they are not present at their residence or premises. To address this concern, a proactive
approach involves regular weight checks of the gas cylinder. By monitoring the cylinder's weight
periodically, users can receive timely notifications when the gas level is low, enhancing their
awareness and allowing them to take necessary precautions. Additionally, in the absence of
household occupants, conventional fire detection methods may prove ineffective, making it crucial
to explore alternative means of identifying fires in unattended areas.

1.4 METHODOLOGY
 The level of LPG is measured using the load sensor. The output of the sensor is connected with
Arduino R3.
 By using this, user can detect the current LPG level and it is continuously displayed on the
LCD. User know the validity of LPG usage from the date of initialization.
 The principle behind working of this project is the opaqueness property of smoke. In case when
there is no smoke the infrared sensors are continuously in view of each other.
 Temperature sensor will keep track of the real time temperature to the room. If the
temperature of the room starts increasing or any gas leak is detected, the respective authorities
would be notified immediately.
 Using temperature sensor and air quality sensor the system will detect a fire breakout when
there are no people around the vicinity.
 Gas leakage is detected by the gas sensors (MQ-6). By using this, user can detect the current
LPG level and it is continuously displayed on the LCD.

Dept of ECE, SJCIT 2 2023-24

 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
Paper 1
Authors: Sayeda nahid & Navid Anjum
Research focus : Development of a Smart Automatic Gas Leakage Detector
Published on : 16 July
. 2023
Description : This paper [1] analyses that LPG is widely used as a source of fuel, mainly in urban
regions. Due to the extremely combustible nature of the gas, there is always the risk
of gas leakage as a consequence of carelessness or failure of the regulating valve
on the gas cylinder, which poses a significant risk. Gas-related fires are on the rise,
which may be prevented by utilizing a gas leakage detection system,necessitating
the creation of a microcontroller-based cooking gas detector. The use of a
microcontroller allows for the creation of a highly precise and quick reaction time
detecting system.
Paper 2
Authors: Adnan Al Neon, Sal Sabila & Rashedur M Rahman
Research focus : Smart Fire Detectation and Security System
Published on : 10 January 2023
Description : This paper [2] goal is to design and implement a microcontroller-based smart fire
detection and security system with real-time web integration. Most of the available
fire alarms depend on the gas sensor only, which is not efficient enough to secure
life and property. To minimize the issue, we bring a multi-sensor fire detection and
notification technology. The significance of our study is to detect fire at an early
stage with the help of multiple sensors like temperature, gas, and flame. We also
use a motion sensor for detecting movement during a fire event. It can be used for
security purposes as well.
Paper 3
Authors : Somashekhara Reddy, Raja Praveen K N
Research focus : LPG Gas Detection and Monitoring Using IoT
Published on : 06 June 2023
Description : This paper[3] explains that minor leak can build up an explosive gas
concentration, making leaks exceedingly dangerous. The current gas detector is less
effective because the user can only detect gas leaks by utilising it. It's risky because
gas leaks must be found early. The Gas Leakage Detector with Alert System was
created to prevent fire or explosion in homes or businesses. This gas detector
continually detects gas if it has power. Arduino UNO was utilised as the CPU to
process sensor information and deliver an SMS alert to the user. The buzzer will
ring until harmful gas levels are reached. These projects avoid fires from
unattended cooking and gas explosions from gas leaks.

Dept of ECE, SJCIT 3 2023-24

 IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

Paper 4
Authors: Ashraf Zaher, Ahmed Al-Faqsh, Hasan Abdulredha
Research focus : A Fire Prevention/Monitoring Smart System
Published on : 16 May 2022
Description
: This paper[4] explains the probability of fires is highly increasing in buildings under
construction, where melting and other fire-related processes take place excessively. In
addition,. fires generate smoke that causes serious injuries to human health. For
instance,when going to camping, people may breathe in carbon monoxide and other
toxic gases, formed due to the burning of charcoal, which leads to hazardous health
issues. Moreover, and especially in the Middle East and the GCC, oil and gas leaks
can seriously add to the problems of fires.Huge amount of H 2 S gases and other
liquid petroleum gases (LPG) leaks occur in Kuwait oil rigs and refineries, causing
harmful diseases.
Paper 5
Authors : Pushpendra Kumar Pateriya, Abishek Shah
Research focus : IoT-based LPG Gas Leakage Detection and Prevention System
Published on : 26 March 2023
Description :This paper[5] analysis that LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) is a form of natural gas
which has been liquefied under extreme pressure and then contained in a metal
cylinder. It is very sensitive to fire and can cause a great disaster if it's exposed to any
fire source without precaution. LPG is more available than any other natural gas so
most people choose LPG for their needs like cooking and other needs. So the event of
gas leakage or blast occurring by leaked gas is frequently seen and heard. In this paper,
a device has been introduced to prevent any possible accident from happening. It is
called Smart Gas and Fire detector. The device can detect any spillage of gas and fire
very quickly and send a response via gsm tool directly to the user very fast and a
buzzer is set up to alert.

Paper 6
Authors : Rohith Naidu V, Prathapa, Rakshith S Gowda
Research focus : Smart LPG Gas Level Detection and Safety System using IoT
Published on : 22 December 2022
Description
:This paper[6] explains LPG is an odourless gas which is a mixture of propane and
butane. It contains both saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Ethyl Mercaptan is
the stanching agent which is used to impart odour to the odourless LPG. LPG is
liquefied under moderate pressure and has replaced many conventional fuel systems in
household and commercial sectors. Though it is one of the most commonly used fuels,
it has an explosive range of 1.8%9.5% volume of gas in air.The main application of
the LPG is that it is used in the place of chlorofluro carbon which cause great damage
to the ozone layer. LPG is packed into 3 categories according to the weight of the LPG
in the cylinder: Household, Commercial and Industrial.
Dept of ECE, SJCIT 4 2023-24
 CHAPTER 3
PROPOSED SYSTEM
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 3
PROPOSED SYSTEM
3.1 BRIEF PROPOSED SYSTEM
1. LPG gas detection
2. Auto gas booking.
.
3.1.1 LPG gas detection

In LPG gas detection of leakage gas is done by gas sensor which is interfaced with microcontroller.
When gas is detected motor will be turn on and it immediately turn off the gas regulator at the same
time the user is informed about the gas leakage by sending the SMS, turning on the buzzer and also
message displaying on LCD.
3.1.2 Auto gas booking.
In auto gas booking user can continuously measure the amount of gas which is present in the
cylinder. When gas level goes below the set level then message will be send to the gas agency
through GSM and confirmation message received by the user from gas agency. So user get
cylinder within time.
3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
The block diagram of proposed system is shown in fig 3.1

Fig 3.1 : Block diagram of proposed system.

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IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

3.2.1 Microcontroller
It is central processing and control unit of the project it receives the output from load cell signal

conditioning circuit, LPG sensor, coverts into digital signal and processes the digital information

and compares the digital information with pre-stored values. Based on the result of comparison
sends the message. to the gas booking agency. In case of gas leakage detected it controls servo
motor to turn off cylinder regulator.[2]

3.2.2 Gas leakage sensor

Gas leakage sensor is used to sense gas leakage in the home, industries, produces electrical
signal
as output which is equivalent to amount of gas leakage detected.
3.2.3 Fire sensor
A flame detector is a type of sensor that can detect and respond to the presence of a flame. These
detectors have the ability to identify smokeless liquid and smoke that can create open fire. For
example, in boiler furnaces flame detectors are widely used, as a flame detector can detect heat,
smoke, and fire.

3.2.4 Load Cell

A load cell is a transducer that is used to convert a force into electrical signal. Mostly cantilever
or bending type load cell is used. Here weight of the cylinder is measured by placing the cylind
er on load cell arrangement. Actually Load cell consists of four strain gauges in a Wheatstone
bridge configuration. Firstly by using mechanical arrangement the force being sensed deforms
a strain gauge and then strain gauge measures the deformation as an electrical signal, because
the strain changes the effective electrical resistance of the wire. Out of the bridge is due to the
applied pressure or force of the cylinder.[3]

3.2.5 GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)

Collects the information from microcontroller and transmits the information to gas agency in
case of less amount of gas detected, if leakage is detected its sends information to owner
through the link to the concerned authority via RF link.

3.2.6 Cylinder regulator control unit

It consists of servo motor to control angular movement of gas regulator Knob; the motor rotates
from 0 degree to 90 degree and from 90to 0 degree.
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IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

3.2.7 Buzzer
It is controlled by microcontroller used as alarming it beeps when LPG leakage is detected
and also it makes beep sounds while it is in on state.

3.2.8 LCD [Liquid Crystal Display]

It is used to display amount of gas remain in cylinder and status of gas regulator.
3.2.9 Power Supply.
Built using 12v/2Amps battery or adopter with voltage regulator to provide 5v supply. The 12
volts supply is used by GSM and motor five volt is given to sensors and microcontroller.[4]

Dept of ECE, SJCIT 7 2023-24

 CHAPTER 4
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
REQUIREMENTS
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 4
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 ATmega328 PU. controller-8bit controller,16MHZ frequency

 MQ2 gas sensor,5V

 Fire sensor

 Servo motor 10 torque,5v

 GSM sim 800 MODEM, 12v 2 amps

 12v, 2 Amps Adopter.

 Voltage regulator LM317 adjustable regulator/7805 5 v regulator

 Buzzer 12v Piezo electric type.

 LCD 16x2 5v 500mA

 HX711 load cell signal conditioner

 Load cell 40kg

4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

 Operating system: Windows 7/8
 Software Tool: Arduino IDE 1.8.1

 Programming language: Embedded C

 Software Tool 2: Ki-cad 4.0.7 for circuit designing.

Dept of ECE, SJCIT 8 2023-24

IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

4.1.1 Arduino Uno R3
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). The board can operate on
an external supply of 6 to 20 volts.

Fig 4.1 : Board diagram of Arduino Uno R3 [21]

It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16
MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It
contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a
USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.[5]

Specifications
Microcontroller
ATmega328
Operating
Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V Input
Voltage (limits) 6-20V Digital I/O Pins 14 (of
which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6 DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA DC Current for
3.3V Pin 50 mA Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5
KB used by bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)

EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed 16 MHz

Power : The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with an external power
supply. The power source is selected automatically. External (non-USB) power can come either
from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall- wart) or battery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a
2.1mm center-positive plug into the board's power jack. Leads from a battery can be inserted in
the Gnd and Vin pin headers of the POWER connector.[6]

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IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than 7V,
however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may be unstable. If using
more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. The recommended
range is 7 to 12 volts. The power pins are as follows:

• VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board when it's using an external power source (as
opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). You can supply
voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it through this pin.
.
• 5V.This pin outputs a regulated 5V from the regulator on the board. The board can be supplied
with power either from the DC power jack (7 - 12V), the USB connector (5V), or the VIN pin
of the board (7-12V). Supplying voltage via the 5V or 3.3V pins bypasses the regulator, and
can damage your board. We don't advise it.[7]

• 3V3. A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is 50 mA.

• GND. Ground pins. Memory The ATmega328 has 32 KB (with 0.5 KB used for the
bootloader). It also has 2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM (which can be read and written
with the EEPROM library). Input and Output Each of the 14 digital pins on the Uno can be
used as an input or output, using pinMode(), digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions. They
operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40 mA and has an internal
pull-up resistor (disconnected by default) of 20-50 kOhms. In addition, some pins have
specialized functions:

• Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. These pins
are connected to the corresponding pins of the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL Serial chip.

• External Interrupts: 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low
value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value.[8]

• PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function.

• SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication
using the SPI library.
• LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the
LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off. The Uno has 6 analog inputs, labeled A0 through
A5, each of which provide 10 bits of resolution (i.e. 1024 different values). By default they
measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to change the upper end of their range
using the AREF pin and the analogReference() function. Additionally, some pins have
specialized functionality:

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IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

• Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button to
shields which block the one on the board. See also the mapping between Arduino pins and
ATmega328 ports. The mapping for the Atmega8, 168, and 328 is identical. Communication The
Arduino Uno has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer, another Arduino, or
other microcontrollers. The ATmega328 provides UART TTL (5V) serial communication, which
is available on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX).[9]
.
4.1.2 7805 Voltage Regulator
7805 is a three terminal linear voltage regulator IC with a fixed output voltage of 5V which is

useful in a wide range of applications.

Fig 4.2 : Circuit diagram of 7805 regulator [22]

Currently, the 7805 Voltage Regulator IC is manufactured by Texas Instruments, ON

Semiconductor, STMicroelectronics, Diodes incorporated, Infineon Technologies, etc.

They are available in several IC Packages like TO-220, SOT-223, TO-263 and TO-3. Out of
these, the TO-220 Package is the most commonly used one (it is the one shown in the above
image).[10]

Some of the important features of the 7805 IC are as follows:

 It can deliver up to 1.5 A of current (with heat sink).

 Has both internal current limiting and thermal shutdown features.
 Requires very minimum external components to fully function.

Dept of ECE, SJCIT 11 2023-24

IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

PIN DIAGRAM OF 7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC

As mentioned earlier, 7805 is a three terminal device with the three pins being 1.
INPUT, 2. GROUND and 3.OUTPUT. The following image shows the pins on a
typical 7805 IC in To-220 Package.
BASIC CIRCUIT OF 7805
.
As per the datasheets of 7805 IC, the basic circuit required for 7805 to work as a complete
regulator is very simple. In fact, if the input supply is an unregulated DC Voltage, then the need of
the two capacitor (even those are not mandatory depending on the implementation). The below
circuit shows all the components required for a 7805 IC to work properly. The 0.22μF Capacitor
near the input is required only if the distance between the regulator IC and the power supply filter
is high. Also, the 0.1μF Capacitor near the output is optional and if used, it helps in the transient
response as shown in fig 4.3

Fig 4.3 : Inter circuit connection of 7805 Regulator [22]

Working

The AC power supply from mains first gets converted into and unregulated DC and then into a
constant regulated DC with the help of this circuit. The circuit is made up of transformer, bridge
rectifier made up from diodes, linear voltage regulator 7805 and capacitors. If you observe, the
working of the circuit can be divided into two parts. In the first part, the AC Mains is converted
into unregulated DC and in the second part, this unregulated DC is converted into regulated 5V
DC. Initially, a 230V to 12V Step down transformer is taken and its primary is connected to mains
supply. The secondary of the transformer is connected to Bridge rectifier (either a dedicated IC or
a combination of 4 1N4007 Diodes can be used). A 1A fuse is placed between the transformer and
the bridge rectifier. This will limit the current drawn by the circuit to 1A. The rectified DC from
the bridge rectifier is smoothened out with the help of 1000μF Capacitor.[11]
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So, the output across the 1000μF Capacitor is unregulated 12V DC. This is given as an input to the
7805 Voltage Regulator IC. 7805 IC then converts this to a regulated 5V DC and the output can be
obtained at its output terminals.

4.1.3 Buzzer
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical,
or piezoelectric .

Fig 4.4 : Buzzer [23]

Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers and confirmation of user input
such as a mouse click or key stroke. Buzzer is an integrated structure of electronic transducers,
DC power supply, widely used in computers, printers, copiers, alarms, electronic toys, automotive
electronic equipment, telephones, timers and other electronic products for sound devices. Active
buzzer 5V Rated power can be directly connected to a continuous sound, this section dedicated
sensor expansion module and the board in combination,. It generates consistent single tone sound
just by applying D.C voltage. Using a suitably designed resonant system, this type can be used
where large sound volumes are needed. At Future Electronics may stock many of the most
common types categorized by Type, Sound Level, Frequency, Rated Voltage, Dimension and
Packaging . [12]

FEATURES
 Input supply: 5 VDC
 Current consumption: 9.0 mA max
 . Oscillating frequency: 3.0 ±0.5 KHz
 Sound Pressure Level: 85dB min.

APPLICATIONS OF BUZZER
 Confirmation of user input (ex: mouse click or keystroke)
 Electronic metronomes
 Sporting events
 Judging Panels

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4.1.4 NODE MCU ESP66 12E

It is an open-source firmware and development kit that plays a vital role in designing a proper
IoT product using a few script lines.

Fig 4.5 : Model diagram of Node MCU ESP66 12E [24]

The best way to develop quickly an IoT application with less Integrated circuit to add is to
choose this circuit “NodeMCU”. The module is mainly based on ESP8266 that is a low-cost Wi-
Fi microchip incorporating both a full TCP/IP stack and microcontroller capability. It is
introduced by manufacturer Espressif Systems. The ESP8266 NodeMcu is a complex device,
which combines some features of the ordinary Arduino board with the possibility of connecting
to the internet. Arduino Modules and Microcontrollers have always been a great choice to
incorporate automation into the relevant project. But these modules come with a little drawback
as they don’t feature a built-in WiFi capability, subsequently; we need to add external Wifi
protocol into these devices to make them compatible with the internet channel. This is the famous
Node MCU which is based on ESP8266 WiFi SoC. This is version 3 and it is based on ESP-12E
(An ESP8266 based WiFi module). Node MCU is also an open-source firmware and
development kit that helps you to prototype your IOT product within a few LUA script lines, and
of course it can always program with Arduino IDE.[13]
Features
1. Open-source
2. Arduino-like hardware
3. Status LED
4. MicroUSB port
5. Reset/Flash buttons
6. Interactive and Programmable
7. Low cost
8. ESP8266 with inbuilt wifi
9. USB to UART converter
10. GPIO pins

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4.1.5 LCD [Liquid Crystal Display]

A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a thin, flat panel display used for electronically displaying information
such as text, images and moving picture.

Fig 4.6 :Circuit diagram of LCD [25]

LCDs are used in a wide range of applications including computer monitors, televisions,
instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays, and signage. The LCD screen is more energy efficient
and can be disposed of more safely than a CRT. Its low electrical power consumption enables it to
be used in battery powered electronic equipment. It is an electronically modulated optical device
made up of any number of segments filled with liquid crystals and arrayed in front of a light
source (backlight) or reflector to produce images in color or monochrome. Liquid crystals were
first discovered in 1888. [14]

Types of LCD:

1. Passive matrix display

2. Active matrix display

Passive matrix display:

 Uses a grid of vertical and horizontal conductors comprised of Indium Tin Oxide
(ITO) to create an image.
 There is no switching device.
 Pixels are addressed one at a time by row and column matrix.
 Only used in low resolution displays (such as watch, calculator)Slow response
time, poor contrast.

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4.1.6 HX711 Load Cell Amplifier

HX711 is a precision 24-bit analog to-digital converter (ADC) designed for weigh scales and in
industrial control applications to interface directly with a bridge sensor.

Fig 4.7 : Load cell connection diagram and it’s pin out [26]
Here an interfacing 40Kg load cell to the arduino using HX711 Load cell amplifier module. The
input multiplexer selects either Channel A or B differential input to the low- noise programmable
gain amplifier (PGA). Channel A can be programmed with a gain of 128 or 64, corresponding to
a full-scale differential input voltage of ±20mV or ±40mV respectively, when a 5V supply is
connected to AVDD analog power supply pin. Channel B has a fixed gain of 32. Onchip power
supply regulator eliminates the need for an external supply regulator to provide analog power for
the ADC and the sensor. Clock input is flexible. It can be from an external clock source, a
crystal, or the on-chip oscillator that does not require any external component. On-chip poweron-
reset circuitry simplifies digital interface initialization. There is no programming needed for the
internal registers. All controls to the HX711 are through the pins.

Most Load cell have four wires red, black, green and white. On HX711 board you will find E+,
E-, A+, A- and B+, B- connections. Connect load cell

Red wire to E+

Black wire to E-

Green wire to A-

White wire to A+

Adding the right proportion of additives to building materials is essential. For this purpose,
special building materials scales using accuracy class C3 load cells are available for mixing
additives such as ash or sand.[15]

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4.1.7 MQ2 Gas Sensor

MQ2 gas sensor is an electronic sensor used for sensing the concentration of gases in the air such
as
LPG, propane, methane, hydrogen, alcohol, smoke and carbon monoxide.

Fig 4.8 : MQ2 Gas sensor [25]

MQ2 gas sensor is also known as chemi-resistor. It contains a sensing material whose resistance
changes when it comes in co MQ2 is a metal oxide semiconductor type gas sensor.
Concentrations of gas in the gas is measured using a voltage divider network present in the
sensor. This sensor works on 5V DC voltage. It can detect gases in the concentration of range
200 to 10000ppm.[16]
Working Principle

This sensor contains a sensing element, mainly aluminium-oxide based ceramic, coated with Tin
dioxide, enclosed in a stainless steel mesh. Sensing element has six connecting legs attached to
it. Two leads are responsible for heating the sensing element, the other four are used for output
signals. Oxygen gets adsorbed on the surface of sensing material when it is heated in air at high
temperature. Then donor electrons present in tin oxide are attracted towards this oxygen, thus
preventing the current flow.

When reducing gases are present, these oxygen atoms react with the reducing gases thereby
decreasing the surface density of the adsorbed oxygen. Now current can flow through the sensor,
which generated analog voltage values. These voltage values are measured to know the
concentration of gas. Voltage values are higher when the concentration of gas is high with the
gas. This change in the value of resistance is used for the detection of gas.[17]

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4.1.8 Fire Sensor

Fig 4.9 : Fire sensor [26]

 Operating Voltage: 3.3V to 5V DC

 Operating Current: 15ma
 Output Digital - 0V to 5V, Adjustable trigger level from preset
 Output Analog - 0V to 5V based on infrared radiation from fire flame falling on the sensor
 LEDs indicating output and power
 PCB Size: 3.2cm x 1.4cm

4.1.9 GSM Module

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) originally from Group Special Mobile is the
most popular standard for mobile telephony systems in the world.

Fig 4.10 : GSM Module [27]

GSM differs from predecessor technologies in that both signalling and speech channels are
digital, and thus GSM is consider a second generation (2G) mobile phone system. This also
facilitates the wide-spread implementation of data communication applications into the system.
The implementation of the GSM standard has been an advantage to both consumers, who may
benefit from ability to roam and switch carriers without replacing phones, and also to network
operators, who can choose equipment from many GSM equipment vendors.[17]

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GSM also pioneered low-cost implementation of the short message service (SMS), also called
text messaging, which has since been supported on mobile phone standards as well. GSM
networks operate in a number of different carrier frequency ranges. With most 2G GSM networks
operating in the 900MHz or 800MHz bands, where these bands were already allocated, the
850MHz and 900MHzbands were used instead.in rare cases the 400 and 450MHz frequency
bands are assigned. in some countries because they were previously used for first generation
system. This allows eight full-rate or sixteen half-rate speech channels per radio frequencies.
These eight radio time slots (or eight burst periods) are grouped into TDMA frame. Half -rate
channels use alternate frames from the same timeslot. The channel data rate for all 8 channels is
270.833 kbps, and the frame duration is 4.615ms. One of the key features of GSM is the
subscriber identity module, commonly known as a SIM card. The SIM is detachable smart card
containing the user’s subscription information and phone book. This allows the user to retain.

GSM/GPRS Modem Features :

• High Quality Product.

• Configurable baud rate, Dual-Band GSM/GPRS 900/ 1800 MHz.

• RS232 interface for direct communication with computer or MCU kit.

• SIM Card holder.

• Built in Network Status LED.

• Inbuilt Powerful TCP/IP protocol stack for internet data transfer over GPRS.

• Audio interface Connector.

• Normal operation temperature: -20 °C to +55 °C.

• Input Voltage: 3.6- 4.5 VDC.

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4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

4.2.1 Arduino IDE
 Arduino IDE is open-source software, designed by Arduino.cc and mainly used for writing,
compiling & uploading code to almost all Arduino Modules.
 It is available for all operating systems i.e. MAC, Windows, Linux and runs on the Java

.
Platform that comes with inbuilt functions and commands that play a vital role in debugging,
editing and compiling
the code.

Arduino Software Interface

4.2.2 Menu Section

Menu is an Arduino library that enables you to create interactive menus and navigation systems for
LCD displays. With Menu, you can easily add menus to your projects and navigate through them
using buttons or any input device you want.
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4.2.3 Toolbar Section

1. Verify: this button use to review the code, or make sure that is free from mistakes.
2. Upload: this button is use to upload the code on the arduino board.
3. New: this button use to create new project, or sketch ( sketch is the file of the code).
4. Open: is use when you want to open the sketch from sketchbook.
5. Save: save the current sketch in the sketchbook.
6. Serial monitor: showing the data which have been sent from arduino.

4.2.4 Code Editor Section

Code editor is liberator of codes, is the white space in the program, in which codes are been
writing, and modifying on it.

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4.2.5 Status Bar Section

Status bar is a space can be found below the code editor, through it showing the status of
operation’s completion (compiling, uploading, etc. )

4.2.6 Serial Port & Board Selection

Program notifications this program showing you the mistakes of codes, and some problems that
can be face you during the programming.

4.2.7 Program Notification Section

Serial ports selections is a space in which the program showing you the type of the port which is
used to connect the arduino by computer.

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4.2.8 Libraries in the Arduino IDE Package

The Arduino environment can be extended through the use of libraries, just like most
programming platforms. Libraries provide extra functionality for use in sketches, e.g. working
with hardware or manipulating data. Libraries are files written in C or C++, which provide your
sketches with extra functionality (e.g. the ability to control an LED matrix, or read an encoder,
etc.).To use an existing library in a sketch simply go to the Sketch menu, choose "Import
Library", and pick from the libraries available. This will insert #include statement at the top of
the sketch for each header (.h) file in the library's folder. These statements make the public
functions and constants defined by the library available to the sketch. They also signal the
Arduino environment to link that library's code with your sketch when it is compiled or
uploaded.

4.2.9 KiCAD

KiCad is a free and open-source electronics design automation (EDA) suite. It features
schematic capture, integrated circuit simulation, printed circuit board (PCB) layout, 3D
rendering, and plotting/data export to numerous formats. KiCad also includes a high-quality
component library featuring thousands of symbols, footprints, and 3D models. KiCad has
minimal system requirements and runs on Linux, Windows, and macOS. KiCad 7.0 or 8.0 is the
most recent major release. It includes hundreds of new features and bug fixes.

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Some of the most notable new features include:

 A new schematic file format that embeds schematic symbols that are used in a design, meaning
there is no longer the need for a separate cache library file.
 A new project file format that separates out display settings (such as which layers are visible in
the PCB editor) so that these types of settings no longer cause changes to the board file or main
project file, making
. KiCad easier to use with version control systems.
 A major overhaul of the schematic editor bringing its behavior in line with the PCB editor and
conventions used by most other graphical editing software.
 Object selection and dragging now works the way most users expect when coming from other
software. Support for buses of arbitrary signals, custom wire and junction colors per net,
alternate pin functions, and many other new schematic features.
 A new design rule system in the PCB editor supporting custom rules that can be used to
constrain complex designs with high voltage, signal integrity, RF, or other specialty needs.
 A number of improvements to the PCB editor’s capabilities, including support for rounded (arc)
track routing, hatched zone fills, rectangle primitives, new dimension styles, removing pad and
via copper on unconnected layers, object grouping, locking, and much more.
 More flexible configuration of mouse behavior, hotkeys, color themes, coordinate systems,
crossprobing behavior, interactive routing behavior, and much more.
 A new side panel UI for the PCB editor featuring layer visibility presets, opacity control of
different object types, per-net and per-netclass coloring and visibility, and a new selection filter
to control what types of objects can be selected.
 A redesigned look and feel, including a new design language used for all tool icons, a new
default color theme, and support for dark window themes on Linux and macOS. [20]

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 CHAPTER 5
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
IMPLEMENTATION
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 5
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
5.1 Circuit Schematic

Fig 5.1 :Circuit Schematic Of Proposed System

The above figure 5.1 shows the schematic connections of Arduino UNO, Node MCU with 7805
5v voltage regulator followed by gas sensor and fire sensor.
5.2 3D view of circuit board

Fig 5.2 : 3D View Of Circuit Board

The above figure 5.2 shows the 3D view of circuit board in which Arduino UNO and Node MCU,
gas sensor and fire sensor will be mounted.

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 CHAPTER 6
FLOW CHART OF
WORKING PROJECT
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 6
FLOW CHART OF WORKING PROJECT
The flowchart explains the main functionalities of your system, including gas level monitoring, gas
leakage detection, fire detection, and LPG cylinder weight monitoring, with corresponding alerts
and actions.
.

Fig 6.1: A typical Flow chart of an LPG gas leakage, Fire detection and
overall Monitoring system.

The proposed IoT-based system is designed to enhance safety in LPG usage by integrating fire
and MQ6 gas sensors, alongside a load sensor. The system initiates by checking for fire and gas
leaks upon initialization. If a fire or gas leak is detected, the systemactivates a buzzer for
immediate local alert. Additionally, if the gas level falls below 1 kg, an SMS is sent to a
registered mobile number for prompt action. The system's real-time monitoring and alerting
capabilities ensure timely responses, minimizing the risk of accidents. Its integration of sensors
and SMS alerts enhances efficiency and safety in LPG usage, making it a valuable contribution
to the field.

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 CHAPTER 7
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 7
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
7.1 PROJECT MODULE
The connection of all the components is shown in Fig 7.1 which outputs the gas level on an LCD

and also displays it. in a web page.

Fig 7.1 :Overview of the Module

The fire indication is done through display in LCD, web page and give SMS alert to respected
mobile number. The leakage indication is done through display in LCD, web page and give SMS
alert to respected mobile number.
7.2 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

Fig 7.2 Weight of cylinder display in webpage

The above figure 7.2 shows the display of weight in an respective web page with fire detection and
gas leakage status as No.

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IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

Fig 7.3 :Gas Leakage Detection display in Webpage

The above figure 7.3 shows the display of weight in an respective web page with fire detection status
as No and gas leakage status as Yes.

Fig 7.4 : Gas Fire detection display in Webpage

The above figure 7.4 shows the display of weight in an respective web page with fire detection status
as Yes and gas leakage status as Yes.

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Fig 7.5 : Display of weight in LCD

Fig 7.6 :Display of Gas leakage in LCD

Fig 7.7 :Display of Fire detection in LCD

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IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

Fig 7.8: Gas Leakage and fire detection notification sent to Mobile

The system's successful implementation will result in increased efficiency in LPG gas reserves
management and enhanced safety for users. It is expected to accurately detect LPG gas leaks
within the detection radius of the MQ-6 gas sensor, providing timely alarms and SMS
notifications to the owner. The system's ability to continuously measure the gas cylinder's
weight and transmit data to the via IoT cloud for monitoring daily consumption is crucial for
effective resource management.

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 CHAPTER 8
PLAN OF ACTION AND
EXECUTION
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 8

PLAN OF ACTION AND EXECUTION

The Table 8.1 tabulates the plan of action and the execution of the project and the progress made
during the respective periods.

SI. Duration . Duration Plan of action Execution

NO From To

01 20/11/2023 26/11/2023 Completion of Phase 1 Second review Completed

02 27/11/2023 10/12/2023 Preparation of report for Phase 1 Completed

03 11/12/2023 17/12/2023 Discussion of phase 1 report with guide Completed

04 18/12/2023 23/12/2023 Submission of Phase 1 report Completed

05 01/01/2024 07/01/2024 Procuring the necessary components Completed
required
06 05/02/2024 11/02/2024 Preparation of IEEE paper Completed
07 12/02/2024 18/02/2024 Discussion of IEEE paper with guide Completed
08 19/02/2024 26/02/2024 Submission of IEEE paper Completed

09 27/02/2024 02/03/2024 Preparation for Phase 2 first review PPT Completed

10 03/03/2024 04/03/2024 Discussion of Phase 2 first review PPT with Completed

guide
11 05/03/2024 15/03/2024 Completion of whole project Completed

12 16/03/2024 25/03/2024 Preparation of final project report Completed

13 25/03/2024 31/03/ 2024 Discussion of final project report with guide Completed

14 1/04/2024 07/04/2024 Preparation of IEEE paper Completed

15 8/04/2024 14/04/2024 Discussion of IEEE paper with guide Completed

16 15/042024 18/04/2024 Presentation of IEEE paper Completed

17 19/04/2024 24/04/2024 Preparation of phase 2 final review Completed

18 25/04/2024 30/04/24 Submission of Final project report Completed

Table 8.1: Plan of action and execution

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 CHAPTER 9
ADVANTAGES AND
APPLICATIONS
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 9

ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS

9.1 ADVANTAGES

1. Gas concentration levels can be monitored using gas sensors installed in relevant areas.
. on leakage can be sent to monitoring systems or even directly to
2. Real-time updates
personnel responsible for safety.

3. Real-time alerts ensure that appropriate actions can be taken promptly to address
any safety concerns.

4. Fast response times contribute to enhanced safety measures and the prevention of
potential accidents.
5. Early detection of fires allows for swift response actions to be taken, such as triggering
fire alarms, activating suppression systems, or initiating evacuation procedures.

6. Cost effective installation.

9.2 APPLICATIONS

7. Gas sensors can integrate seamlessly into smart home automation systems, allowing
homeowners to monitor gas levels remotely.
8. Industries and hotels can benefit from the continuous monitoring capabilities of gas sensors
to ensure a safe environment for employees and guests.

9. Gas sensors are essential for identifying gas leakages in various settings, including
residential,

commercial, and industrial environments.

4. Different types of sensors are available to detect specific gases, allowing for comprehensive
monitoring of potential hazards in various environments.

5. Get immediate gas leak alerts

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 CHAPTER 10
CONCLUSION AND
FUTURE SCOPE
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

CHAPTER 10
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

10.1 CONCLUSION

Our system is reasoned

. to help customers to upgrade their safety norms, act in accordingly with
minimum requirements on environmental issues and mostly the basic function being prevented
by major disasters and protect life and property from reputed Accidents. The objective of our
project is to measure the gas present in the cylinder when weight of the cylinder is below the
particular level, this can be done using the weight sensors. Real time weight measurement of the
gas and its display on LCD makes it an efficient home security system and also can be used in
industries and other places to detect gas leaks.

10.2 FUTURE SCOPE

Enhance the fire detection capabilities by implementing a multi-tiered approach, including

heat sensors, smoke detectors, and advanced computer vision systems.Develop intelligent
notification systems that can differentiate between critical alerts and routine
notifications.Develop features that allow users to remotely control and manage their gas
appliances, such as turning off the gas supply or adjusting the flame intensity.Designing the
system to be scalable and flexible, allowing for easy expansion and adaptation to different
environments and use cases.

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REFERENCES
IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

REFERENCES
[1] Sayeda nahid & Navid Anjum, Development of a Smart Automatic Gas Leakage Detector
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, Vol 107, No 06 June 2023, pp.159-160.
[2] Adnan Al Neon, Sal Sabila & Rashedur M Rahman, Smart Fire Detectation and Security
System Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 101, No. 10 January 2023, pp.1290-1301.
[3] Somashekhara Reddy,
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[4] Ashraf Zaher, Ahmed Al-Faqsh, Hasan Abdulredha,“A Fire Prevention/Monitoring Smart System”
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[5] Pushpendra Kumar Pateriya, Abishek Shah, IoT-based LPG Gas Leakage Detection and Prevention
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[6] Rohith Naidu V, Prathapa, Rakshith S Gowda, Smart LPG Gas Level Detection and Safety System
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[11] Ghovanloo, et al., “ Smart LPG monitoring system " IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems, vol. 54,
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[12] Y. X. Guo, et al., “Smart LPG fire detection system” Antenna Tech. International Workshop, 11
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[14] K. M. Silay, et al., “Smart LPG home automation system“ Research in Microelectronics and
Electronics,16 June 2022.pp. 229-232

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IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG CONTAINERS

[15] A. P. Hu, “Smart LPG monitoring system” Inductively Coupled Resonant Converter Solutions,
VDM verlag 20 July 2022.
[16] Design and Implementation of Intelligent Automatic LPG Gas Booking and Monitoring System
using Load Cell by SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering
( SSRG – IJECE ) –Volume 4 Issue 3 – 22 March 2021, ISSN: 2348 – 8549
[17] Automatic gas booking
. system and leakage detection using IOT by International Journal of
Intellectual Advancements and Research in Engineering Computations, Volume-6 Issue-1,
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[18] Automation of LPG Cylinder Booking and Leakage Monitoring system by International Journal
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[19] LPG Gas Monitoring System by (IJITR) International Journal Of Innovative Technology And
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[20] SMART GAS CYLINDER USING EMBEDDED SYSTEM by International Journal Of Innovative
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Dept of ECE, SJCIT 35 2023-24

 PAPER
PRESENTATION
 PAPER PRESENTATION

Presented paper entitled “ IOT ENABLED SURVEILLANCE AND ALERTING FOR LPG
CONTAINERS” IN 2nd International conference on knowledge engineering and
communication systems held at SJC Institute of Technology, chickballapur on 18th April 2024.