Life cycle test

standards
IEC 61960-3
• Samples: EV cells (cylindrical, prismatic) and modules
• Number of samples: 5 cells or 3 modules
• Test procedure-Endurance in cycles-normal:
• Charge with manufacturer method @20 C, rest for ≤1h, discharge with 0.2C @
20C, repeat until capacity is ≤60% of initial capacity in 0.2C
• Test procedure-Endurance in cycles-accelerated:
• Charge with manufacturer method @ 20 C, rest for ≤1h, discharge with 0.5C @ 20
C, repeat 400 times for cell and 300 times for modules.
• Note: The cell or battery can be considered conditionally type approved prior to the
completion of the endurance in cycles if 20 % of the required cycles of the endurance test have
been completed and the capacity delivered during any discharge remains above 85 % of the
rated capacity
GB 31484
• Samples: EV cells and modules
• Number of samples: 2 cells, 1 module
• Test procedure- standard life Cycle:
• a. @RT Discharge CC @1C, b. rest for t≥30min or time specified by the
manufacturer, c. @RT Charge the cell again, d. rest for t≥30min or time specified by
the manufacturer, e. @RT Discharge CC @1C, f. Cycle continuously for 500 times
according to b) ~ e). g. Measure the discharge capacity and discharge energy under
RT. If the discharge capacity is ˃90% of the initial capacity, terminate the test. If the
discharge capacity is ˂90% of the initial capacity, continue to cycle for another 500
times.
• Acceptance criteria: The discharge capacity when the cycle time
reaches to 500 times shall not be ˂90% of the initial capacity, or the
discharge capacity when the cycle time reaches to 1000 times shall not be
˂80% of the initial capacity.
• Samples: high power traction battery used for hybrid electric passenger vehicle
• Number of samples: 1 module, 1 system
• Test procedure-Operating-condition cycle life:
• a. adjust SOC to 80% or manufacturer preference, b. rest 30 min, c. discharge to 30% SOC
or manufacturer preference by depicted discharge profile, d. charge to 80% SOC or
manufacturer preference by depicted charge profile, e. repeat c & d for 22h, f. rest for 2h, g.
repeat a to f 6 times, h. measure capacity, power, energy. i. repeat all above until capacity is
≤90% of initial one or power is ≤85% initial one
Discharge Charge
profile profile
• Samples: high power traction battery used for hybrid electric commercial vehicle
• Number of samples: 1 module, 1 system
• Test procedure-Operating-condition cycle life
• a. adjust SOC to 80% or manufacturer preference, b. rest 30 min, c. discharge to 30% SOC or
manufacturer preference by depicted discharge profile, d. charge to 80% SOC or manufacturer
preference by depicted charge profile, e. repeat c & d for 22h, f. rest for 2h, g. repeat a to f 6
times, h. measure capacity, power, energy. i. repeat all above until capacity is ≤90% of initial
one or power is ≤85% initial one
Discharge Charge
profile profile
• Samples: high Energy traction battery used for hybrid electric passenger
vehicle
• Number of samples: 1 module, 1 system
• Test procedure-Operating-condition cycle life
• a. full charge the sample with manufacturer method, b. rest 30 min, c. discharge to
20% SOC or manufacturer preference by depicted discharge profile, d. rest for 30
min, e. repeat a to d for 20h, f. rest for 2h, g. repeat a to f 6 times, h. measure
capacity, energy. i. repeat all above until capacity is ≤90% of initial one.
Discharge
profile
• Samples: high Energy traction battery used for hybrid electric commercial vehicle
• Number of samples: 1 module, 1 system
• Test procedure-Operating-condition cycle life
• a. fully charge the sample with manufacturer method, b. rest 30 min, c. discharge to 20%
SOC or manufacturer preference by depicted discharge profile, d. rest for 30 min, e. repeat
a to d for 20h, f. rest for 2h, g. repeat a to f 6 times, h. measure capacity, energy. i. repeat
all above until capacity is ≤90% of initial one.
Discharge
profile
ISO 12405

10
• Samples: EV battery pack and system
• Number of samples: not specified
• Test procedure-Cycle life test high power battery systems:
• a. Thermal conditioning @RT, b. st. cycle, c. st. cycle and measure 1C capacity, d. st. discharge to
80% SOC, e. discharge with discharge rich profile to 30% SOC or manufacturer recommendation, f.
charge with charge rich profile to 80% SOC or manufacturer recommendation, g. repeat e and f for
22h, h. rest, i. after 1 week perform st. charge, st. cycle, pulse power measurement, st. charge, j.
every 1 week start over from step d and every 2 weeks start over from step b
• Test termination:
• Report:
Based on agreements for Number of cycles, terminating capacity or limiting conditions
Discharge Charge Capacity Fade, IR,
rich rich Peak power, OCV,
1C Capacity
• Samples: EV battery pack and system
• Number of samples: not specified
• Test procedure-Cycle life test high Energy battery systems with dynamic discharge applications:
• a. Thermal conditioning @RT, b. st. cycle, c. st. cycle and measure 0.3C capacity, d. thermal conditioning @ -10C, e.
recharge (top off), f. st. cycle and measure 0.3C capacity, g. thermal conditioning @RT, h. st cycle, i. discharge with
discharge profile A followed by discharge profile B and then continue with discharge profile A to 20% SOC or manufacturer
recommendation, j. charge with to 100% SOC by manufacturer method, k. repeat i and j for 28 day, l. repeat a to c, m.
Thermal conditioning @RT, n. recharge (top off), o. pulse power measurement, p. st. charge, q. repeat step i to p for 8
weeks and every 8 weeks continue to step r, r. repeat step d to h, s. thermal conditioning @ -10C, t. recharge (top off), u.
pulse power measurement, v. repeat a and b, w. start over from step i
• Test termination:
• Based on agreements for Number of cycles, terminating capacity or limiting conditions

Discharge Discharge Report:

A B
Capacity Fade, IR,
Peak power, OCV,
C3 Capacity
• Samples: EV battery pack and system
• Number of samples: not specified
• Test procedure-Cycle life test High Energy battery systems with charge depleting/sustaining application:
• a. Thermal conditioning @RT, b. st. cycle, c. st. cycle and measure 0.3C capacity, d. thermal conditioning @ -10C, e. recharge (top
off), f. st. cycle and measure 0.3C capacity, g. thermal conditioning @RT, h. st cycle, i. discharge with charge depleting profile (profile
A then profile B then profile A of the previous test) to 30% SOC or manufacturer recommendation, j. charge with plug in charge rich
profile to 35% SOC or manufacturer recommendation, K. discharge with plug in discharge rich profile to 30% SOC or manufacturer
recommendation l. repeat I and k for 2 hours, m. charge with to 100% SOC by manufacturer method, n. repeat i to m for 28 days,
o. repeat a to c, p. Thermal conditioning @RT, q. recharge (top off), r. pulse power measurement, s. st. charge, t. repeat step i to m
for 8 weeks and every 8 weeks continue to step u, u. repeat step d to h, v. thermal conditioning @ -10C, w. recharge (top off), x.
pulse power measurement, y. thermal conditioning @RT, z. st. cycle, a’. continue to i.
• Test termination:
• Based on agreements for Number of cycles, terminating capacity or limiting conditions
Charge Report:
rich Capacity Fade, IR,
Peak power, OCV,
C3 Capacity
SAE J-2288
• Samples= EV Modules
• Number of samples: based on confidence level or statistical significance desired by manufacturer
• Test procedure:
• The module shall be discharged to 80% DOD based on depicted profile and then immediately be fully
recharged. These discharge/charge cycles shall be repeated @ RT continuously for a period of
approximately 28 days. (A longer or shorter period may be appropriate if 28 days of cycling represents
less than 5% or more than 20% of the anticipated module life.)
• Data: Prior to the start of cycling, and at the end of each period of repetitive cycling a series of three
reference tests shall be performed:
• A Capacity Test at the 0.3C constant current
• A Dynamic Capacity Test to a maximum of 100% of rated capacity
• A Peak Power Test
• End of Test:
• Measured capacity ≤80% of rated capacity
• Peak power capability ≤80% rated value at 80% depth-of-discharge
IEC 62660-1
• Samples: BEV cells
• Number of Samples: not specified
• Test procedure-cycle test:
1. Before cycling, measure the capacity (25◦C), dynamic discharge capacity (25, 45◦C), and power (25◦C-
SOC=50%), as the initial performance of the cell.
2. Between step rest time≤4h
3. Cycle for 28 days:
a. Condition @45 ◦C, discharge, rest, Charge, rest (based on manufacturer specified method)
b. Follow dynamic discharge profile A up to SOC=50±5%0, rest, then follow discharge profile B, rest, and then continue
discharge up to SOC=80% with discharge profile A, rest.
c. Repeat a and b
4. Measure all parameters of step 1 every 4 weeks.
5. Test termination:
a. After 6 months
b. Any of performance indicator falls below 80%
c. T reaches to cell maximum permitted
Discharge Discharge
A B
• Samples: HEV cells
• Number of Samples: not specified
• Test procedure-cycle test:
1. Before cycling, measure the capacity (25◦C) and power (25◦C-SOC=50%), as the initial performance of the cell.
2. Cycle for :28 days
a. Condition @45 ◦C, adjust SOC to 80% or manufacturer recommendation
b. Follow discharge rich profile up to Vend, dc, then apply charge rich profile up to Vend. ch, repeat these 2 steps for 22h, rest for 2h.
c. Repeat a and b
3. Measure capacity each 2 weeks and power each week.
4. Test termination:
a. 6 months from start
b. Any of performance indicator falls below 80%
Discharge Charge
rich rich
IEC 62620
• Sample: Cell, module, system (with industrial application (BESS) and limited
motive application (e.g. golf cart))
• Number of samples: at least 1
• Test procedure-Endurance in cycles:
• Discharge the cell with 0.2C for all types except S type that should be discharged with 0.1C or 0.05C or
below, and then charge it based on manufacturer recommended method @ 25 C. For accelerating the
test discharge current can be 0.5C for E and 1C for M and H types.
• Repeat this charge-discharge cycle for 500 times
• Measure the cell capacity

• Acceptance Criteria: measured capacity should be more than 60% initial

capacity
Typ Discharge rate (max)
e
S up to 0,125 It A
E up to 0,5 It A
M up to 3,5 It A
H up to and above 7,0 It A
IEC 62620
• Sample: cell
• Number of Samples: not specified
• Charge retention/recovery
• Test method: charge  put at 25 C for 28 days  discharge with C5  charge 
rest  discharge
• Acceptance criteria: the capacity should be ≥ 85% and ≥90% of initial capacity
in 1st and 2nd discharge steps

• Endurance in storage at constant voltage

• Test method: Discharge at 25 C  charge at Max. or Min. applicable T  keep 90
days at this T  bring back the sample to 25 C for 8h  measure the capacity
• Acceptance criteria: the capacity should be ≥ 85% initial capacity

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