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Conditional Sentence

The document provides an overview of conditional sentences, detailing their structure, types, and usage. It outlines four types of conditional sentences: zero, first, second, and third, each defined by their respective tense combinations and the probability they express. Additionally, it includes examples and exercises to reinforce understanding of these concepts.

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16 views16 pages

Conditional Sentence

The document provides an overview of conditional sentences, detailing their structure, types, and usage. It outlines four types of conditional sentences: zero, first, second, and third, each defined by their respective tense combinations and the probability they express. Additionally, it includes examples and exercises to reinforce understanding of these concepts.

Uploaded by

Suparti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11th Meeting

Conditional
Sentences
Conditional Sentences
Structure :
A conditional sentence is composed of 2
parts :
If-clause + Main
Clause
Example :

If it rains tomorrow, we will not come.

If-clause Main Clause


Conditional Sentences
Types :
 The order of the two clauses is flexible, it’s not
important.
But if the if-clause comes first, it must be
followed by
a comma.
If it rains, I’ll stay at home
 There are 4 types of conditional sentences.
They are classified according to the degree of
probability that they express.

 Each type of conditional sentences uses


different
tenses to show the difference in the degree of
Conditional Sentences
 Zero Conditional: present tense if present tense

Water boils if it reaches 100º

 First Conditional/ Type 1: If present tense, present future



If I study, I’ll pass

 Second Conditional/ Type 2: If + past tense, past future



If I studied, I would pass the exam

 Third Conditional/ Type 3: If + past perfect, past future


perfect

If I had studied, I would have passed the exam
Zero Conditional

Tense : Present tense in both clauses

Exampl
e:
Present Tense Present Tense

If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

If you pour oil into water, it floats.


Zero Conditional
Use :
 Talk about universal truth.
If you heat ice, it turns to water

To give commands

If you are tired, go to bed!

In this case the verb in the main clause is


an Imperative
First Conditional/ Type 1
Tense :
If-clause ~ Present Tense
Main Clause ~ Present Future

Present Tense Present Future

If I feel sick tomorrow, I will not go to


school.
If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
First Conditional
Use :
 To speak about possible or probable
future events.
If the weather is as sunny tomorrow as it was today,
we will go surfing.
To make promises or warnings
If you forget my birthday, I’ll never speak to you
again.
 Unless is used in negative conditionals
Unless we recycle more, we won’t have a better world.
First Conditional

1.
do not come (not come),
If you ___________________

will miss (miss ) the show.


You ________________

2.
will buy
John __________________ (buy)a car if he

gets
_____________ (get) a job.

3.
will get
Mary ________________(get) a toothache if
eats
she_________________ (eat) too many sweets.
Second Conditional /Type
2
Tense : If-clause ~ Past Tense
Main Clause ~ Past Future
Example :

Past Tense Past Future

If I were a bird, I would fly across the harbour.


If I had $200,000 now, I would buy a car.
Second Conditional
Use :
 To speak about present and future
situations which are unlikely to happen.
If I had any money I would lend it to you.
If I were you I wouldn't do this.

MIND
Were is often
used instead of
was in the 1st
and 3rd person
singular
Second Conditional

1.
were
If I ________________ (be) you, I
would learn (learn) to play the piano.
________________

2.
Didn’t fail (not fail) in the
If I ________________
Would buy
examination, my mother_______________
(buy)
me a newwould
computer.
finish
3. We ________________________ (finish) if we
had
________________ (have) better preparation.
Third Conditional/ Type 3
Tense :
If-clause ~ Past Perfect
Main Clause ~ Past Future
Perfect
Past Perfect Past Future Perfect

If I had had enough money, I would have bought


the camera yesterday

If I had come home earlier, I would not have


missed the program.
Third Conditional
Use :
 To speak about impossible past events.
If they had gone by bus, they would have arrived much later
(They didn’t go by bus)

He would have travelled around the world if he had had


more money
(Impossible to change, because he didn’t have the
money)
Exercises
II. Choose the correct answer.
1 - If I ...... you, I would tell him straightaway
 were
 am

2 - If you ...... yellow and blue, you get green


 will mix

 mix

3 - If I .........., I would never have done it


 knew

 had known

4 - Unless you ....... drinking, you'll have serious health problems.


 stop

 will stop
Exercises
5 - I ......... there if I knew about it
 would not go
 will never go

6 - If you see him, ......... him to call me?


 will you ask

 would you have asked

7 - If I ......... In the test, I wouldn’t feel so bad with


myself.
 were there

 didn’t fail

8 - What would you do if the police ......... you?


 arrested

 had arrested

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