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Introduction To Phonetics and Phonology

The document provides an overview of phonetics and phonology, explaining phonetics as the study of human speech sounds and phonology as the organization and interaction of these sounds within a language. It highlights the importance of phonemes, segments, and suprasegmental features such as stress and intonation in understanding pronunciation. Additionally, it discusses the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) for transcription and differentiates between accents and dialects in language.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views21 pages

Introduction To Phonetics and Phonology

The document provides an overview of phonetics and phonology, explaining phonetics as the study of human speech sounds and phonology as the organization and interaction of these sounds within a language. It highlights the importance of phonemes, segments, and suprasegmental features such as stress and intonation in understanding pronunciation. Additionally, it discusses the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) for transcription and differentiates between accents and dialects in language.

Uploaded by

Labinot Ajazi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UBT

English Language Faculty


Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology

Professor: Dr.Sc. Eglantina Bilalli


The study of PRONUNCIATION
consists of two fields :

Phonetic Phonolog
s y
What is Phonetics?
 Phonetics is the study of human speech sounds.

 Articulatory- How speech sounds are produced by


the human vocal apparatus

 Acoustic phonetics- Transmission and physical


properties of speech sounds.

 Auditory phonetics- The perception of speech


sounds.
What is Phonology?
 Phonology is how speech sounds are
organized and affect one another in
pronunciation.
 It deals with the system and pattern of
sounds that exist within a particular
language.
 The study of phonology of English looks at
the vowels, consonants, and suprasegmental
 When we talk about vowels and consonants,

within the discipline of phonology, we are

referring to the different sounds we make

when speaking and NOT the vowel and

consonant letters we refer to when talking

about spelling.
Phonemes
 Inmany languages we can identify a small
number of regularly used sounds (vowels
and consonants) that we call Phonemes.

A phoneme is the smallest contrastive unit in


the sound system of a language.
 For Example:

 PIN PEN
 PET BET
 When we speak, we produce a continuous stream of
sounds.

 In studying speech we divide this stream into small


pieces that we call SEGMENTS.
MAN

M æ N
 It is not always easy to decide on the number of
segments.

For example:

MINE
M aɪ N
LETTERS AND SOUNDS
 Itis very important to learn to think of
English pronunciation in terms of Phonemes
rather than letters of the alphabet.
 Conder written English

 Enough through thought bought

 Think those thought

 Church chemistry loch


What is the difference between
phonetics and phonology?
 Phonology deals with the sound of the systems
of a language.

 Phoneticsdeals with the physical realization of


the elements of the sound system, e.g. how
the sound is physically produced (articulatory
phonetics), or the acoustic characteristics of
the speech sound (acoustic phonetics)
Segmental and suprasegmental
elements
Phonemes are the different sounds within a
language. Although there are slight
differences in how individuals articulate
sounds, we can still describe reasonably
accurately how each sound is produced.

 To sum up:
 Phonemes are units of sound that can be
analyzed. They are also known as
SEGMENTS.
 SUPRASEGMENTAL FEATURES are features of speech
that generally apply to groups of segments or
phonemes.

 The features which are important in English are


STRESS, INTONATION, and how sounds change in
connected speech.
 Phonemics transcription: every speech
sound must be identified as one of the
phonemes and written with the appropriate
symbol. (two kinds of transcription:
transcription from dictation or transcription
from a written text)

 The
phonemic system contains 44
PHONEMES.

 The best-known system:


 The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
 IPA has been developing since 1888.

 The system represents each sound of human


speech with a single symbol.

 The symbol is enclosed in brackets [ ]


Transcription- the art of reducing
speech to writing
 Remember: a word in isolation may be
spoken differently to a word in connected
speech.

 To = [ tʊ ]
 Give it to him = [ɡɪv ɪt tə ɪm]
ACCENTS

 Languages have different accents; they are


pronounced differently by people from
different geographical places, from different
social classes, of different ages, and
different educational backgrounds.

 ACCENTS are pronunciation differences only.


DIALECT

 We use the word DIALECT refers to the


variety of a language that is different from
others not just in pronunciation but also in
such matters as vocabulary, grammar, and
word order.
 Thank you for your attention!

 Any questions?

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