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Geotextiles

Geotextiles are permeable fabrics used with soil for functions such as separation, filtration, reinforcement, protection, and drainage, typically made from polypropylene or polyester. They come in woven, needle punched, and heat bonded forms, and are essential in applications like road construction and drainage systems. Understanding their design properties and capabilities is crucial for engineers to effectively address geotechnical challenges.

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Maninder Singh
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20 views34 pages

Geotextiles

Geotextiles are permeable fabrics used with soil for functions such as separation, filtration, reinforcement, protection, and drainage, typically made from polypropylene or polyester. They come in woven, needle punched, and heat bonded forms, and are essential in applications like road construction and drainage systems. Understanding their design properties and capabilities is crucial for engineers to effectively address geotechnical challenges.

Uploaded by

Maninder Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEOTEXTILES

Ketan Punjabi University Patiala


M.Tech Dept. of Civil Eng.
44025
INTRODUCTION
 Geotextiles are permeable fabrics which, when used in association
with soil, have the ability to separate, filter, reinforce, protect, or drain.
 Typically made from polypropylene or polyester, geotextile fabrics
come in three basic forms:
• woven (looks like mail bag sacking)
• needle punched (looks like felt)
• heat bonded (looks like ironed felt).
4/11/13
FUNCTIONS OF GEOTEXTILES
 Filtration
 Drainage
 Separation
 Reinforcement
 Sealing
FILTRATION

The equilibrium geotextile to soil


system that allows for adequate
liquid flow with limited soil loss
across the plane of geotextile over
a service lifetime.
DRAINAGE/TRANSMISSIVITY

Ability of thick nonwoven geotextile


whose 3-dimensional structure
provides an avenue for flow of water
through the plane of the geotextile
SEPARATION
The introduction of a flexible porous textile placed between dissimilar
materials so that the integrity and functioning of both the materials can
remain intact or be improved.
REINFORCEMENT

acts as a reinforcing element in a soil mass


or in combination with the soil to produce a
composite that has improved strength and
deformation properties.
SEALING

• The classic application of a geoxtile


as a liquid barrier is paved road
rehabilitation.
• It minimizes vertical flow of water
into the pavement structure.
TYPES OF GEOTEXTILES

Woven fabrics
Non-woven fabrics
Knitted fabrics
DESIGN PROPERTIES
 Puncture Strength
 Burst Strength
 Dynamic Puncture
 Permeability
 Apparent Opening Size (AOS)
 Grab Tensile Strength and Elongation
PUNCTURE STRENGTH

 To measure puncture resistance


 Stimulates puncture strength to static load of aggregates
 Resistance to puncture measured in Newton
BURST STRENGTH

 stimulates strength of geotextile to a continuous hydraulic load

 force causing rupture recorded in units of pounds per square inch or Kilo
Pascal
DYNAMIC PUNCTURE

 to measure the strength of geotextile to falling objects

 stimulates placement of aggregate over geotextile during installation


stage
 expressed in mm
PERMEABILITY

 measures the rate at which liquids can pass through the geotextile
 x=k/t

x- geotextile permittivitty (sec-1)


k- geotextile permeability(cm/sec)
t- geotextile thickness (mm)
 expressed in liters per square meters per second
APPARENT OPENING SIZE (AOS)

 Reflects approximate largest opening dimension available through which


the soil may pass.
 expressed in mm
GRAB TENSILE STRENGTH AND ELONGATION

 Measures tensile strength and elongation along the plane of the


geotextile by loading it continually

 Value of breaking load expressed in Newton and elongation at break in


percent
AREAS OF APPLICATION

• Flexible paved road construction

• Drainage applications

• Pavement overlays
FLEXIBLE PAVED ROAD CONSTRUCTION

Function of geotextiles:-
• service life of roads
• load carrying capacity
• rutting
RESEARCHES ON GEOTEXTILE
For weak subgrades (CBR=2%)
 Service life by a factor of 2.5-3.0
 AASHTO structural number by 19%

For moderate strength (CBR=4.2-4.5%)


 Service life by a factor of 2.0-3.3
 AASHTO structural number by 13-22%
AASHTO DESIGN METHOD
Excellent drainage
 SNeff
 Drainage factor - 1.20
Poor drainage
 SNeff
 Drainage factor as 0.60
GEOTEXTILE REQUIREMENT
Selection of geotextile
 Depends on survivability
 Governed by anticipated construction stresses
PAVEMENT OVERLAYS
Benefits of using Fabric Interlayer

 Waterproofing of the lower layers

 Retarding reflection cracking in the overlay

 Increase in structural stability

 Absorption of stresses
CAPABILITIES OF PAVING FABRICS:-

 Reduces permeability of a pavement


 Reduces infiltration of moisture
 Maintains the strength of subgrade, sub base and base course
 Limiting damage due to saturated condition pore pressures
PROPERTIES OF PAVING FABRICS
 Nonwoven fabrics from grades ranging from 135gm/m² to
200gm/m²
 Lighter fabrics are moisture barriers
 Heavier fabrics provides cushioning or stress-relieving
membrane
INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

• The surface is cleaned


• Cracks are filled or repaired
• Tack coat ranging from 1-1.35 l/m² of residual asphalt is evenly
applied
• The paving fabric is laid with minimum wrinkles
• Finally hot mix overlay is placed
4/11/13
DRAINAGE
• Drainage system should fulfill 2 criteria:-

• Have maintained permeability


 by providing relatively unimpeded flow of water

• Filtration of base soil


 by preventing the migration of soil fines into the drain
CONCLUSION
 Geotextiles are an efficient effective and economic method of solving
most of the geotechnical problems in roads.

 The design engineer should be well aware of the possible problems


and should use this relatively new tool for solving them.

 For this he/she should understand properties and capabilities of the


geotextile material.
THANK YOU

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