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The document outlines the evolution of computer generations, categorizing them into five distinct phases: First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Generation Computers. Each generation is characterized by advancements in technology, size, speed, and processing capabilities, from the bulky first generation using vacuum tubes to the modern fifth generation incorporating artificial intelligence. Examples of computers from each generation are provided to illustrate these technological advancements.

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9 views

Comp Project (1)

The document outlines the evolution of computer generations, categorizing them into five distinct phases: First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Generation Computers. Each generation is characterized by advancements in technology, size, speed, and processing capabilities, from the bulky first generation using vacuum tubes to the modern fifth generation incorporating artificial intelligence. Examples of computers from each generation are provided to illustrate these technological advancements.

Uploaded by

pravesh koirala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Generations Of Computer

"Evolution of Computer Generations: From Early Machines to Modern


Innovations"

PRESENTED B
Suyog Poudel
Sworup Raj Pangeni
Ankit Dahal
Dikpal Gautam
INTRODUCTION
The generation of computers refers to the
classification of technological advancements in
computer design and architecture over time. The
period during which the evolution of computer
took place can be divided into five distinct
phases which is known as Generations of
Computers. They are:
• First Generation Computers
• Second Generation Computers
• Third Generation Computers
• Fourth Generation Computers
• Fifth Generation Computers
FIRST GENERATION COMPUTER
First generation computers were the earliest form of
computers, developed between 1942-1956. These
computers were large and writing program on them
was difficult.
Features of First-Generation Computers :
•They used magnetic drums as memory device.
•They consumed a lot of electrical power.
•The operating speed was in term of milliseconds.
•They used machine level programming language.
•The processing speed of this generation computer is
slow.
EXAMPLES

ENIAC EDVAC

EDSAC UNIVAC-I
SECOND GENERATION COMPUTER
Second-generation computers, which emerged between
1957-1963. Computers became more compact because
transistors were much smaller than vacuum tubes. They
have no filament and require no heating. The size of
computer got reduced.
Features of Second-Generation Computers :
•The operating speed was in terms of microseconds.
•Magnetic tapes were used as secondary storage media.
•Magnetic core memory was used in internal storage.
•They could understand high level language.
•They consumed less electrical power than first generation
computer.
EXAMPLES

IBM 1620 IBM 1401

CDC 3600 IBM 7094


THIRD GENERATION COMPUTER
The third generation of computers refers to the period of
developing
computer from 1964 to 1971. It was smaller in size and
more reliable and affordable.
Features of Third Generation Computers :
•Main component was Integrated Circuit (IC).It had many
transistors registers and capacitors built on single thin
slice of silicon.
•Speed of third generation was measured in nanoseconds.
•Keyboards were used as first input devices in third
generation computer.
•Monitor was first used as output device in third
generation computer.
•Third generation computer produced less heat and
EXAMPLES

IBM 370 IBM 360

VAX-750
ICL 1900
FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTER
Fourth-generation computers refer to those built from
around 1971. It uses large scale integrated circuit (LSIC)
built on single silicon chip called microprocessor. These
computers are called microcomputers. Later VLSIC
replaced LSICs.
Features of Fourth Generation Computers :
•4th generation language are also used.
•The sizes of fourth generation computer were reduced.
•Multiprocessing and Multiprogramming OS are used.
•Use of very large scale integration is the main
characteristics of this generation.
•The operating speed increased beyond picoseconds and
MIPS(Million of instructions per second)
EXAMPLES

PENTIUM II
PENTIUM I

80286 Sx 80386 Dx
FIFTH GENERATION COMPUTER
The fifth generation of computers refers to upcoming
advanced further technology. The computers having
artificial intelligence and high processing capacity
undergoing on the development stage are said to be
fifth generation computers.
Features of Fifth Generation Computers:
•The speed is extremely high in fifth generation
computer.
•It can perform large number of parallel processing.
•Large uses of natural language processing and user
friendly.
•Bio chips are used as memory device.
EXAMPLES
•Clout
•Savvy Retriever
•HAL (Human Access Language)
•PC’s of Pentium

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