Amity School of Engineering & Technology (CSE)

MAVEN
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What is Maven?
• Hosted by Apache Software Foundation
• While Eclipse is an IDE that provides environment for developing
project, Maven is used for building the code
• Traditionally for software development in Java we need to use third
party libraries or dependencies or libraries (jar files) to execute Spring
or hibernate
• Spring needs 10-12 libraries that need to downloaded and add them
manually. Further, in case of version change, this step must be repeated.
• Maven relieves you from this
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Contd…
• Maven solves the problem related to dependencies.
• You just need to specify the dependencies that you need in
pom.xml file
• In case of version change, you just need to change pom.xml
• Maven is a build automation tool
• Maven is a project management tool
• Maven handles the complete build process
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Contd…
Maven is used for Java based project and addresses two critical
aspects of building software
(i) Describes how software is built
(ii) Describe the dependencies

- Maven uses conventions for build procedures and only exceptions

need to be written down
- An XML file describes the software project that is built, its
dependencies on other external modules and components, the
built order, the directories and required plugin.
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Maven
It comes with pre-defined targets for performing well-defined tasks such as compilation
of code and its packaging

Maven dynamically downloads java libraries and maven plugins from one or more
repositories such as maven central repository and stores in local cache.

This local cache of the downloaded artifacts can also be updated with the artifacts
created with the local repository

Public repository can also be updated

Maven can also be used to build and manage projects written in c#, scala etc
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Maven Architecture
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Contd…
When you specify a dependency in pom.xml file of maven ---

Maven will look for a file in Central Repository ---

If a file is present in Central Repository it will copy into the local

machine and if not then it will fetch the file from the remote
repository via the Internet.
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Maven Life Cycle –

to deploy & distribute target project
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Clean Life Cycle

CLEAN PROJECT REMOVES ALL FILES IT WORKS IN 3

BY PREVIOUS BUILT PHASES
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Default life cycle

MAIN LIFE CYCLE RESPONSIBLE FOR IT HAS 23 PHASES

PROJECT DEPLOYMENT
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Site Lifecycle

Needed for site documentation

It has 4 phases
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Contd…
• A lifecycle is organized into
sequence of phases.
• Each phase is responsible
for a specific task.
• Phases give order to a set of
goals.
• These goals are chosen and
bound by the packaging type
of the project being acted on
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Important phases in the default life cycle

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Phases of Default life cycle

Validate Checks if all the information necessary for the build is available;

Compile Compiles the source code of the project

Compiles the test source code

Test compile
Responsible for running the unit test of the application

Packaging the compiled source code into the distributable format (i.e
Packaging jar format)

Integration In this phase the process and deployment of the package is needed

Install Install the package to a local repository

Deploy Copy the package to a remote repository

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Lifecycle->Phases-> Goals
Plug-in are mapped to goals and executed as part
of goals
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Process
Project -> Anything that we create in Maven
Pom.xml is the main file where we describe the dependencies
<project xmlns….
<dependency>
<groupID> com.supriya //unique identifier
<artifactID> demo
<version>
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Contd…
<dependency>
<groupID> org.Springframework </groupID>
<artifactID> Spring-xyz </artifactID>
<version> 4.3.8 release </version>

MVN Repository-> Spring -> copy dependency details

and copy to pom.xml
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Maven Coordinates (GAV)

• The following three fields act like an address and
timestamp.
– groupID
– artifactID
– Version
• http://maven.apache.org/pom.html#Maven_Coordinate
s
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Maven Tutorial Practical

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEYjXpMDJiU
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What is POM?
A Project Object Model or POM is the fundamental unit of work in Maven.

It is an XML file that contains information about the project and configuration details used
by Maven to build the project.

It contains default values for most projects.

Example- build directory (target), source directory(src/main/java), test directory

(src/test/java)

When executing a task or goal, Maven looks for the POM in the current directory. It reads
the POM, gets the needed configuration information, then executes the goal
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Create a New Maven Project

• Click on New Project.
• Select Maven on the left panel.
• Choose a Project SDK (JDK):If you don’t have one configured,
click Add JDK and select the JDK installed on your system.
• In the New Project Wizard, check Create from archetype.
• Select maven-archetype-quickstart (for a simple Java project).
• Click create.
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Understanding Project Structure

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Open and Configure pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>Demomaven</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<dependencies>
<!-- Example: JUnit dependency for testing -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
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Build the Maven Project

• Open the Maven tool window:View → Tool Windows →
Maven.
• Click the Refresh button to load the pom.xml
dependencies.
• Expand Lifecycle and double-click compile.
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Run the Project

• Navigate to src/main/java/com/example/App.java.

public class App

{
public static void main( String[] args )
{

System.out.println( "Hello World!" );

}
}
• Right-click on App.java → Run 'App.main()'.
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Package the Project into a JAR

• Open Maven Tool Window.
• Expand Lifecycle → Double-click package.
• After execution, check the target/ directory. You'll find:
• Demomaven-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
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Add External Dependencies

• Maven manages dependencies via the Central
Repository
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Super POM
• http://maven.apache.org/guides/introduction/introductio
n-to-the-pom.html