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INTRODUCTIO
TO PROTEUS & KEIL C
N
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MEMBER
Phạm Huỳnh Đăng
23IT129
Khoa
Lê Trọng Hoàng 23IT084
Trương Xuân Đạo 23IT045
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I. PROTEUS & KEIL C
PROTEUS KEIL C
• A simulation tool for • A compiler and IDE for
electronic circuits and embedded
embedded systems development.
• Allows circuit design, • Provides debugging,
debugging, and virtual code optimization, and
testing. simulation.
• Generates HEX files
used in Proteus.
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II. CREATE AND SIMULATE A
CIRCUIT IN PROTEUS.
Step 1: Create a new project to
begin circuit design
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II. CREATE AND SIMULATE A
CIRCUIT IN PROTEUS.
S t e p 2 : Ad d c o m p o n e n t s t o
the Schematic
• Click Pick Devices to open the
component library.
• Search for and select the
necessary components
YOUR PARAGRAPH TEXT
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II. CREATE AND SIMULATE A
CIRCUIT IN PROTEUS.
Step 3: Connect
components by dragging the
w i re
• Click on the component and drag
the wire to connect it to another
component
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II. CREATE AND SIMULATE A
CIRCUIT IN PROTEUS.
Step 4: Set Component
Va l u e s .
• Double-click on a component to
open its Properties window.
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II. CREATE AND SIMULATE A
CIRCUIT IN PROTEUS.
S t e p 5 : Ru n t h e s i m u l a t i o n
• Click on the Play button to start
the simulation.
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III. COMPILE AND GENERATE A HEX FILE
IN KEIL C
Step 1: Create a New Project Step 2: Add a C Source File
• Open Keil C and create a new • Write code for the microcontroller.
project. • Right-click Source Group 1 → Select
Add Existing Files. Page 09
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III. COMPILE AND GENERATE A HEX FILE
IN KEIL C
Step 3: Configure Target Settings
• Click Project > Options for Target 'Target 1'.
• Target Tab: Set Clock Frequency.
• Output Tab: Check "Create HEX File".
• Linker Tab (for some MCUs): Enable "Use
Memory Layout from Target Dialog".
• Click OK to save.
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III. COMPILE AND GENERATE A HEX FILE
IN KEIL C
Step 4: Compile the Code Step 5: Generate the HEX File
• Click Build or F7 to compile the • HEX file is automatically generated in the
project. project folder.
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IV. INTEGRATE KEIL C AND
PROTEUS
Step 1: Write and Compile Code in Keil C Step 2: Open Proteus and Create a New
• Follow the steps to generate a HEX file. Project
• Launch Proteus and create a new
Page
schematic. 12
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IV. INTEGRATE KEIL C AND
PROTEUS
Step 3: Add the Microcontroller and
Components
• Open Pick Devices → Search and add
the microcontroller used in Keil.
• Add necessary peripherals (LEDs,
LCDs, sensors, etc.).
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IV. INTEGRATE KEIL C AND
PROTEUS
Step 4: Load the HEX File Step 5: Connect and Simulate the
• Double-click the microcontroller. Circuit
• In Program File, browse and select • Wire components correctly.
the HEX file. • Use virtual instruments for Page 14
monitoring.
• Click Play to start simulation.
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V. ADVANTAGES OF USING PROTEUS
FASTER DEVELOPMENT COST ERROR DETECTION AND
CYCLES REDUCTION DEBUGGING
+ Proteus helps shorten + Simulating circuits + Proteus provides insights
design-to-market cycles allows engineers to test into how circuits behave in
for electronic products. multiple design real-world conditions,
+ Circuit simulation iterations without helping detect design flaws
identifies and resolves physical components. or component mismatches
issues early in the design + Significant cost before hardware
process, reducing time savings by avoiding the implementation.
spent on physical need for multiple + In-depth debugging of
prototyping and testing. physical prototypes and embedded systems by Page 15
troubleshooting faulty simulating code execution
designs. within the circuit.
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V. ADVANTAGES OF USING PROTEUS
BEFORE HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
INTEGRATED FIRMWARE REUSABILITY AND
TESTING DOCUMENTATION
+ Proteus allows firmware + Designs and simulations
testing directly on virtual can be saved, shared, and
microcontrollers within the reused easily.
circuit simulation. + Enables teams to
+ Ensures proper document simulations and
interaction between design iterations, creating a
software and hardware valuable repository for Page 16
components, reducing future projects.
integration issues later in
the development cycle.
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VI. FLOATING POINT
REPRESENTATION
PROBLEM: CONVERT THE DECIMAL
NUMBER 10.625 INTO IEEE 754 SINGLE-
PRECISION FLOATING-POINT FORMAT.
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ANSWER:
Step 1: Determine the Sign Bit Step 5: Remove Leading 1 from Mantissa
+ IEEE 754 only stores the fractional part:
+ 10.625 is positive → Sign bit = 0
01010100000000000000000
Step 2: Convert to Binary + Assemble the IEEE 754 Representation
+ Integer part: Sign Bit : 0
10 (10) = 1010(2) Exponent (8 bits) : 10000010
+ Convert the Fractional Part (0.625) to Binary: Mantissa (23 bits) : 01010100000000000000000
0.625 × 2 = 1.25 → Integer part: 1, Fraction: 0.25
0.25 × 2 = 0.5 → Integer part: 0, Fraction: 0.5
0.5 × 2 = 1.0 → Integer part: 1, Fraction: 0.0
Thus, 0.625 in binary is .101.
+ Combine both parts:
10.625 in binary is 1010.101. Final Answer:
Step 3: Normalize the Binary Number
Final binary representation:
+ Convert to scientific notation: 1010.101(2) = 1.010101 *
0 10000010 01010100000000000000000
2^3.
The significance is 1.010101.
Hexadecimal Representation
The exponent is 3.
+ Grouping into 4-bit segments:
Step 4: Determine the Biased Exponent
0100 0001 0010 1010 0000 0000 0000 0000
+ Exponent:
Convert to hexadecimal:
IEEE 754 uses a biased exponent with a bias of 127. Page 18
0x412A0000
The actual exponent is 3, so the stored exponent is: 127 +
3 = 130.
130 in binary (8 bits) is 10000010.
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