INTERVENSI Dr.
Yulmaida Amir,
PEMULIHAN DIRI MA
Landasan Pendekatan:
PSIKOLOGI POSITIF
Human
Positive
Flourishin
Psychology
g
Flourishing adalah goal Psikologi
Positif
(Seligman, 2011)
FLOURISHING
Huppert dan So (2013, p. 838)
Flourishing refers to the experience of life
going well. It is a combination of feeling good
and functioning effectively.
Flourishing is synonymous with a high level
of mental wellbeing, and it epitomises mental
health (Huppert 2009a, b; Keyes 2002; Ryff
and Singer 1998).
Flourishing
◦ Doing ◦ Being
◦ Setting the goal (hope) ◦ Menjadi orang yang optimis
◦ Effort (optimis) ◦ Menjadi diri yang penuh
◦ Personal growth dll ◦ Menjadi diri yang selalu
belajar/berkembang dll
Strength
s
KUALITAS HIDUP (QUALITY
OF LIFE)
“Quality of life (QOL) means a good life. A good life
is the same as living a life with a high quality”
(Ventegodt, Merrick2, & Andersen, 2003)
“........... the concept of quality of life refers to the
understanding of the individual to his lifestyle in the
context of the social environment, and the forms of
the culture he/she live in and their interdependence
towards attaining their interests and desires which
suites their mental state” (Moudjahid &
Abdarrazak, 2019)
KONSEP PSIKOLOGI TENTANG
KUALITAS HIDUP
Aristotele’s Ethics (384-322 BC):
oPemahaman banyak orang (baik orang susah maupun orang
berada) tentang “good life” adalah bahagia. Tetapi kriteria atau
komponen bahagia masing-masing orang bisa berbeda-beda.
oGood life (sekarang disebut kualitas hidup) adalah suatu keadaan
mental (state of mind), suatu jenis aktivitas.
Konsep kualitas hidup dari WHO (1995):
“..... an individual's perception of his or her own situation in life in
the context of culture, the patterns of values in which he lives, and
the extent or incompatibility of this with his goals, expectations and
interests for mental health, independence and personal and social
relationships. Individual self-circumstances of his life”.
ELEMEN KUALITAS HIDUP
Velsy & Perry (1995): menyebutkan 3 elemen kualitas hidup yang
memuat life condition (keadaan kehidupan) dan personal values (nilai
pribadi):
oConditions of life
oPersonal satisfaction with life
oPersonal values and personal ambitions
Dalam studi psikologi: elemen kualitas hidup termasuk keberfungsian
fisik (tubuh), keadaan psikologis, fungsi sosial, dan gejala-gejala yang
membutuhkan treatment profesional
PEMBENTUK KUALITAS
HIDUP
4 faktor penting dalam pembentukan kualitas hidup (hasil penelitian
di Amerika (Goode & Mithel, 1997)
oIndividual needs
oExpectations terhadap kebutuhan-kebutuhan individu (khas pada setiap
masyarakat)
oTersedianya sumber-sumber bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan individu
oLingkungan yang memungkinkan terpenuhinya kebutuhan tersebut.
Al Ansari (2006):
Konsep kualitas hidup berkaitan dengan 2 konsep penting lain yaitu :
welfare (kesejahteraan)
kebahagiaan.
Dibutuhkan pembangunan
masyarakat
PANDANGAN PSIKOLOGI KLASIK
Psikoanalisis (Sigmund Freud)
oThe quality of life is a sense of pleasure and happiness and relief of pain and a fundamental
goal of human behaviour, and also means satisfying instincts as the principle of pleasure is
the dominant principle of the operations of the psychological system,
oFreud believed that the instinct of life or the principle of pleasure is a motive for the
permanence of life and satisfaction.
Humanistik (Abraham Maslow)
oThe quality of life depends on the level of satisfaction of those needs. This may lead to a
sense of deep happiness and a high sense of the individual's inner life.
o2 elemen penting yang perlu saling terkait untuk tercapainya kualitas hidup:
―Existence of an organism.
―The existence of a good environment in which this organism lives
PSIKOLOGI POSITIF
Martin E Seligman (2002)
“..... positive psychology is concerned with the meaningful life and how to build a
positive life for the individual and therefore focuses on the important role that
certain positive variables such as quality of life, satisfaction, and other variables
can play”.
Moudjahid and Abdarrazak (2019)
oThe quality of life means that a general sense of satisfaction and satisfaction is determined
by the person being evaluated.
oThe quality of life is the process of integration of the physiological and psychological aspects
to form the strongest indicator of attention to the level of comfort, stability and tranquillity
in the arms of others with satisfaction and well-being developed in different areas of life.
DIMENSI KUALITAS HIDUP
Schallock (2004) Muti (2005)
Emotional QoL Quality of life objective: the social
Relation between people aspects of the lives of individuals and
provided by the material
Physical QoL
requirements of the community
Personal upgrading
Quality of life itself: the extent of
Self determinants personal satisfaction with life and the
Social interaction individual's sense of the quality of life
Right Quality of emotional life: the ideal to
meet the needs of the individual, and
the ability to live in a spiritual and
psychological consensus with himself
and with his communit
INDIKATOR KUALITAS HIDUP
Indikator Subyektif: Indikator Obyektif:
perasaan subyektif keadaan kehidupan
individu mengenai seseorang menurut
keadaan hidupnya. persepsi lingkungan
(ada standar dari
lingkungan atau
standar sosial dari
masyarakat)
Integrative Quality of Life Theory
1. The subjective quality of life: how good
a life each individual feels he or she has.
Whether an individual is content with life
and happy are aspects that reflect the
subjective quality of life.
2. The existential quality of life: how
good one’s life is at a deeper level. A
number of needs that we think have to be
fulfilled, such as conditions of growth, or
that we must all live life in accordance
with certain spiritual and religious ideals
laid down by the nature of our being.
3. The objective quality of life: how one’s
life is perceived by the outside world. This
view is influenced by the culture in which
people live. The objective quality of life
reveals itself in a person’s ability to adapt
to the values of a culture and tells us little
about that person’s life. Examples: social
INTERVENSI PEMULIHAN
DIRI:
FOKUS PADA KUALITAS
HIDUP SUBYEKTIF
1. Relasi dengan Diri (Self Care) melakukan aktifitas untuk merasakan emosi positif
Perawatan Diri : Aroma therapy, energy therapy, akupuntur, yoga, dll
Menikmati situasi: Humor, keindahan alam, kesenian, kebaikan dll
Melakukan hobby (aktifitas yang diminati): berkebun (horticultura therapy), art work (art
therapy), dll
Sugesti Diri: Positive self talk, Self Hipnosis
2. Relasi dengan di luar Diri (Loving and Caring) melakukan aktifitas memberikan
kasih sayang/belas kasih dan perawatan kepada pihak eksternal sehingga dapat
menghasilkan suasana positif, emosi positif bagi diri.
3. Relasi dengan Yang Maha Kuasa (Attachment to God) merasakan kedekatan,
rasa aman, perlindungan, kasih sayang, rasa dimiliki, diperhatikan, dituntun dll,
dari Tuhan Yang Maha Pemilik Kehidupan.
