BLOOD VESSELS
OF HEAD AND
NECK
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• ➢ To identify the major artery of Head & Neck.
• ➢ To study the branches of major arteries
• ➢ To describe the venous drainage of Head & Neck.
• ➢ To understand the origin and termination of major
arteries & veins
1.ARCH OF AORTA
• Introduction :
• The arch of the aorta, also known as the aortic arch, is
the topmost part of the aorta, the main artery that
carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the
body.
• Anatomy :
• Location : Situated in the superior mediastinum.
• Shape : Curved like an inverted “U”.
• Parts : Ascending aorta, arch proper, and descending
aorta.
1.ARCH OF AORTA
Branches :
• Brachiocephalic Trunk : Divides into
the right subclavian artery and right
common carotid artery.
• Left Common Carotid Artery :
Supplies blood to the left side of the
head and neck.
• Left Subclavian Artery : Supplies
blood to the left arm.
2.AORTIC SINUSES
• Introduction :
• • Aortic sinuses are small dilations at the
root of the aorta, just above the aortic valve.
• Anatomy :
• Number : Three sinuses - Right, Left, and
Posterior (Non-coronary).
• Location : Located between the wall of the
aorta and the cusps of the aortic valve.
2.AORTIC SINUES
2.AORTIC SINUES
• AORTIC SINUS: Divides into Anterior aortic sinus and
posterior aortic sinus, which in turn posterior aortic sinus
divided in to left and right.
• Anterior aortic sinus gives rise to Right coronary artery and
left posterior aortic sinus gives rise to left coronary artery.
2. AORTIC SINUS
BLOOD SUPPLY OF RIGHT AND LEFT
CORONARY ARTERY:
• Right coronary artery supplies blood to Right
atrium, right ventricle, posterior part of left
ventricle and posterior part of left interventricular
septum
• Posterior coronary artery supplies blood to left
atrium, left ventricle. Anterior part of right ventricle
and anterior part of interventricular septum
3. Arteries of Head and Neck
3. Arteries of Head and Neck
• ARTERIES:
• Common Carotid Arteries : There are two common carotid
arteries.
• Left Common Carotid : Directly from the aortic arch.
• Right Common Carotid : Branches from the brachiocephalic
trunk, intern divides in to and right internal and external
carotid arteries.
• Internal Carotid Artery : Supplies the brain.
• External Carotid Artery : Supplies the face and neck.
3. Arteries of Head and Neck
• Vertebral Arteries :
• • Arise from the subclavian arteries.
• • Travel through the transverse foramina of cervical
vertebrae.
• • Join to form the basilar artery, supplying the brainstem
and posterior brain.
3. Veins of Head and Neck
3. Veins of Head and Neck
• Veins :
• Internal Jugular Vein :
• Drains blood from the brain, face, and neck.
• Joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein.
• External Jugular Vein :
• Drains the scalp and face.
• Empties into the subclavian vein.
3. Veins of Head and Neck
• Vertebral Veins :
• • Drain the cervical spinal cord and posterior skull.
• • Empty into the brachiocephalic veins.
4.SURFACE ANATOMY OF BLOOD
VESSELS
• Introduction :
• Surface anatomy involves identifying structures based on
external landmarks.
4.SURFACE ANATOMY OF BLOOD
VESSELS
Carotid Pulse :
• Located in the neck, lateral to the trachea.
• Palpable at the level of the thyroid cartilage.
• Jugular Venous pressure:
• Visible in the neck when the patient is lying down at a 45-
degree angle.
• Used to assess central venous pressure.
4.SURFACE ANATOMY OF BLOOD
VESSELS
• Subclavian Artery :
• Palpable in the supraclavicular fossa.
• Blood supply to upper extremities
• Radial Artery :
• Palpable at the wrist, lateral to the flexor carpi radialis
tendon.
• Common site for arterial blood gas sampling.
THANK YOU
GROUP:4
1.MEHAK
2.MUJIBUR
3.NANDINI
4.NAYANA SRI
5.NEHIL
6.PAVAN KALYAN
