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Slide9 While Loop

The document explains the concept of while loops in programming, highlighting their use when the number of iterations is unknown. It provides examples, such as a temperature converter and a guessing game, to illustrate how while loops function and how to avoid infinite loops. Additionally, it discusses the break statement, which allows early termination of loops.

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4 views14 pages

Slide9 While Loop

The document explains the concept of while loops in programming, highlighting their use when the number of iterations is unknown. It provides examples, such as a temperature converter and a guessing game, to illustrate how while loops function and how to avoid infinite loops. Additionally, it discusses the break statement, which allows early termination of loops.

Uploaded by

h230549v
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WHILE LOOP

Mr. W Manjoro
Introduction
 For Loop allows us to repeat things a
specified number of times.
 Sometimes, though, we need to repeat
something, but we don’t know in advance
exactly how many times it has to be re-
peated.
 E.g., a game keeps going until someone
wins.,
 This is a situation that would call for a
while loop.
Example 1: Temperature converter program.
 The loop will allow the user to repeatedly enter
temperatures without restarting the program.
 A simple way for the user to indicate that they
are done is to have them enter a nonsense tem-
perature like -1000.
The while statement says that we will keep loop-
ing, that is, keep getting and converting tempera-
tures, as long as the temperature entered is not -
1000.
As soon as -1000 is entered, the while loop stops.
Tracing through, the program first compares temp
to -1000.
Iftemp is not -1000, then the program asks for a
temperature and converts it.
The program then loops back up and again com-
pares temp to -1000.
 If temp is not -1000, the program will ask for
another temperature, convert it, and then loop
back up again and do another comparison.
 It continues this process until the user enters -
1000
 We need the line temp=0 at the start, as with-
out it, we would get a name error because
temp doesn’t yet exist.
 To take care of this, we just declare temp equal
to 0.
 Note that is natural to think of the while loop as
continuing looping until the user enters -1000.
 However, when we construct the condition, in-
stead of thinking about when to stop looping, we
instead need to think in terms of what has to be
true in order to keep going.
 A while loop is a lot like an if statement.
 The difference is that the indented statements in
an if block will only be executed once, whereas
the indented statements in a while loop are re-
peatedly executed.
Example 2
 One problem with the previous program
is that when the user enters in -1000 to
quit, the program still converts the value
-1000 and doesn’t give any message
to indicate that the program has
ended.
 A nicer way to do the program is shown
below.
Example 3
 When we first met if statements, we wrote
a program that played a simple random
number guessing game.
 The problem with that program is that the
player only gets one guess.
 We can, replace the if statement in that
program with a while loop to create a pro-
gram that allows the user to keep guess-
ing until they get it right.
Infinite loops
 When working with while
loops, sooner or later you
will accidentally send
Python into a never ending
loop.
 In this program, the value of
i never changes and so the
condition i<10 is always
true.
 Python will continuously
print zeroes.
The break statement
 The break statement can be used to
break out of a for or while loop before
the loop is finished
 Example 1
 Here is a program that allows the user to
enter up to 10 numbers. The user can
stop early by entering a negative num-
ber.
 Example 1 could also be accomplished
with a while loop.
• Either method is
ok.
• In many cases
the break
statement can
help make your
code easier to
understand.

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