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Comparative Analysis On the Education System
Of England And Pakistan
Presented By:
Ayesha Bashir
Bano Batool
Bisma Zahra
PRESENTED BY : AYESHA BASHIR
The British Educational
education
system Aims

Technical And Levels of

vocational
education Education

Teacher
Special education
educaton courses

Administrat Use of
ive setup technology

Examinatio
PROFILE OF ENGLAND
• England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom (UK),
located on the island of Great Britain. It shares borders with
Scotland to the north and Wales to the west.
• London is not only the capital of England but also the capital
of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s major financial
and cultural centers. As of 2025, England has an estimated
population of about 57 million people, making it the most
populous country in the UK. Official Language is English.
• England does not have a president . The head of state is King
Charles III (monarch of the UK). England does not have its own
separate government or prime minister—it is governed as part
of the UK.
 The History Of British Education System

• British education system is one of the

respected and prestigious in the world with
long history and tradition that has been model
for other countries. The origin of education in
UK can be traced back to medieval times,
when the catholic church founded Monastic
schools to train its priests and the son of the
nobality , however education was limited to
some people.
 The History Of British Education System

• After 18th century , in 1870 1st Education Act was

created which established primary education as
a right and an obligation for all children in UK.
• In 1902, a system of free public schools was
created and in 1944 , the second Education Act
was published which established a unified
national education system.
• In 1988 national curriculum was introduced, for
schools in united kingdom.
 Educational Aims Of England
• To encourage the self-development and the development of
the country through the achievement of knowledge and skills
(Lippi Green1997)
• To promote love and loyalty to the country
• To ensure the students holistic development.
• To encourage the understanding of other cultures and guide
students to identify their Position in the society (kuklick, H.,
1991)
• To Prepare young people to become self. reliant, responsible
adults capable of leading their lives with confidence. It's about
creating well balanced individuals capable of adapting to an
ever-changing world.
LEVELS OF EDUCATION
 Levels of Education
• Reception Year: for children aged 4-5, often the
first year of primary school but still Part of early
years foundation Stages. (EYFS)
• Primary Education: Primary education comparise
key stages one and two under Uk educational
system. These are usually separate/split up into
infant and junior levels. The infant range (key
stage 1) from age 5 to 7 years. The junior age
range (key stage 2 ) from age 7 to 11.
 Secondary Education:
• It starts from age range of 11 to 14 years, it
comprises of 7-9 years of time period.
• Some independent schools included them in
junior schools.
• Under UK school system all students study
English, Maths , science , Humanities subject
and a Modern Language. Also has list of
optional subjects.
 International General Certificate of
Secondary Education (IGCSE):
• This programme prepare International Students for A Level or IB.
Students study between 5 and 7 Subjects English, Maths and
science being included Each school has list of available subjects for
IGCSE students.
• Level Study Year 12 and 13: In the UK school system, once a
student reaches the age of 16, they can start a 2 year programme
which leads to A (Advanced) Level examinations.
• Students specialize in 3 or 4 subjects that are usually relevant to
the degree subject they wish to follow at at university.
• A levels are state examinations and are recognized all Uk
universities and institutions world wide At the end of year 13,
following the examinations in each subject, the students receive A
level certificates
 GCSE Programme, (General Certificate of
Secondary Education)
• In the last two years of secondary education, which are
called year 10 and year 11, starting at age 14, Students
prepare for GCSE programme exams that are taken after two
years.
• In Uk school system students study between 9 and 12
subjects. Some of them are compulsory (English, Maths,
Sciences, Humanities, Modern Languages Some are choosen
by each student according to their abilities and preferences.
• After examinations On each studied subject, students
recieve their GCSE Certificates. The choosen subjects and
GCSE results are very important for their further Studies (A-
Level or IB) and for their University admission.
 International Baccalaureate (IB)
• Those students who would like to study more than 3-4 subjects,
may continue their Studies in a broader number of subjects with
the International Baccalaureate Diploma programme. During IB,
students study 6 subjects 3 higher Level (HL) , 3 at standard level
(ST). Also includes theory of knowledge Extended Essay and
creativity
• In some schools, students sit the common Entrance Exam in Year
7. These are 3 examination sessions. in November, January and
May , June.
• It is the transition from Junior to senior School (from year 8 to
year 9) Year 9 is very important year in the British School system,
as many student make the transition from Junior school to senior
school.
 Undergraduate Study
• In the Uk, a British bachelors degree normally takes
three years to complete and most are awarded at
honours level BA (Bachelons of Arts) BEng (Bachelors
of Engineering) and BSc (Bachelors of Science).
• State colleges offer some a year vocational diplomas
that grand exemption from the first and sometimes
Second year of degree Programme
• Some Private tutorials colleges offer one year diploma
Programme which is equivalent to year 1 of university.
 Post Graduate study:
• Post graduate courses in the UK, education System
are very intensive This means that the courses are
usually much shorter than in other countries.
• Masters of Business Administration: 2 years to
Complete
• PhD research degree: 2 to 7 years to complete.
• Education system of UK (England) is much more
difficult than other regions like USA, China, India and
Pakistan. It provides higher level and advance level of
learning opportunities to its citizens.
 Technical And Vocational education In
England:
• The British school system also extend various courses
which are designed for students who would like to develop
practical knowledge and Skills.
• They aims to increase and boost up their economic
situations also to reduce their unemployment rate in
country.
• Some institutions of technical and vocational education are
listed:
• Hi-Tech training School courses and career development
• The school of UX design.
• Software Academy
 Special Education In England:
• Special educational needs (SEN) in United kingdom refers to the
education of children who require different education provision
to the mainstream system.
• The definition or foundation of SEN set out in the education Act
1996 and was amended in the Special Educational Needs and
Disability Bill of 2001
• Some special education institutions are here:
• It's Children Limited - Special Needs Learning Disabilities Care.
• SEN school for Autism and ADHD.
• Tadley Court School, Hampshire
• There are 1050 special schools in England including state and
non- state funded schools
QUICK QUIZ
QUQQQQWWWW
WHAT ARE
THE
CHALLENGES
FACE BY OUR
SPECIAL
CHILDREN???
 Teacher Education Courses
• In England teacher professional development is structured
into four main stages
• 1. Initial Teacher Education (ITE): This is the initial training
that prepares aspiring teachers for their profession. It equips
them with the necessary Qualifications to become
professional educator. This stage, typically last one year, helps
new teachers adapt to their first teaching roles Supporting
them in their transition to classroom.
• 2. Early Professional Development (EPD):This is a two-year
period of professional development for early career teachers
(ECTS) after their ITE, as outlined by the (Early career
framework ECF).
 National Professional Qualifications
(NPOs):
• NPOS offer targeted professional development
for various roles, including leader ship and
specialized areas like SENCO (special
Educational Needs Coordinator)Many state-
funded settings in England offer funding for
NPOs, subject to eligibility Criteria.
 Organizations That provide Professional
development and teacher Training Courses
• Teaching English training By British Council
• London College of Teachers and trainers, Montessori trainings,
Nursery teacher trainings, Pre-School teacher trainings
• University of Birmingham offers Post. graduate Teacher
Training Courses.
• University of London - Faculty of Education, offers both PGCE
(Post graduate Certificate of education) and research led
training.
• All these institutions have core focus on the development of
teachers in behavior management, Pedagogy, curriculum,
assessment and professional behavior.
 TECHNICAL AND
VOCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
IN PAKISTAN
THINK OF SOME
INSTITUTIONS????
Use Of Technology In Education In England

• In early 1990s the UK Government launched the

Teaching and Learning Technologies Programme
(TLTP) to promote the use of ICT in education.
• TLTP funded a number of discipline based inter-
institutional software development projects in
several colleges students.
• Computer skills are assessed on entry to
identify their levels of competence and need for
further development.
various technology gadgets use by students
of Uk
• Oak National Academy is a Government supported platform
offering free videos lessons and resources for learning and
teaching . Specially for reception and primary year of
education
• Statista-Digital learning in Uk, offers language learning app.
Specialized for secondary , IGCSE and IB.
• The Skill toolkit by Government of Uk, helps to learn skills as
change jobs. It include general skills that apply to all sectors.
• BBC Bitesize swaddy used for interactive learning content
across all key stages.
• Al powered learning platforms like Century Tech, offers
personalize learning paths based on students performance.
• Assistive Technology: Widely used to support
students with special educational needs (SEN), such as
Screen readers, speech to text tools and also
Communication apps.
• Teacher development technology : Online programs
like
• Future learn
• Chartered College of teaching
• National college for teaching Virtual meetings
lesson planning, resource sharing
Why technology is
necessary for
growth?
 Administrative Setup of England
• The administrative setup of England is organized into central, regional
and local government structure. Unlike other parts of UK, England has
no devolved Parliament, it is governed directly by the Uk government
along with system of local and regional governance.
• Unitary State: England does not operate under federal system.
instead, it is part of the Unitary state of United Kingdom, where Uk
parliament in Westminster holds supreme authority. England is
governed directly by the Uk government without its own Parliament.
• Executive Branch: Executive authority for England is exercised by the
UK, Government. The Monarch (king Charles II) is the head of the
State, holds ceremonial powers; actual government is carried out by
elected officials Prime Minister is head of Government Leads the UK
Government and responsible for policy and decision-making for
England and the UK.
• Administrative Regions: England is divided Into 9 regions,
primarily for statistical and planning purposes These are not
provinces and do not have legislative powers.
• Local Government: Local government of England is responsible
for delivering many public services such as education, housing,
transport, planning, social care and waste management.
• Two-Tier system in England.
• Country Council (upper tier): Covers large geographic areas,
provide major services like education, transport, fire services and
Libraries
• District, City Councils (lower tier) Cover small areas within
countries, responsible for housing, local planning. waste collection
 AUTHORITIES OVER ENGLAND
• Senior ministers usually heads of government
departments appointed by Prime Minister,key
departments with authority over England
include:
• Department for Education.
• Department of Health and Social Care
• Department for transport.
• Treasury
• Home office
 Educational Setup of UK followed In
England
• The educational setup is structured to ensure that national
education policy is implemented effectively across all schools,
colleges and higher education institution.
• Central Government (Department of Education): Responsible for
overall education policy in England (not Uk, wide), including early
years, primary, secondary, and higher education Led by Secretary
of State for Education. Their role is development in Curriculum,
teacher training Standards, school funding and reforms.
• Executive Agencies: Several bodies operate under these agencies
like, Office of Standards in Education, Education and skill funding
Agency. Universities and colleges Admissions Services.
 Local Authorities:
• It manage state-funded schools that are not
academies. Maintain and run by local
authorities these are Academies and free-
schools independent but a state-funded i-e
directly accountable to DFE (Department for
Education).
 Examination System Of England
• The examination system of England is structured,
standardized and regulated to assess students
knowledge, skills and academic achievement across
different educational stages.
• Curriculum Influence: England's curriculum is a mix of
centralized and decentralized elements, but overall it
leans towards being centralized-especially at the school
level.
• In England schools conduct several types of
examinations to assess student's learning, progress and
qualification.
 Type Of Examinations
• Some main type of examinations held in British Schools are
• Standardized Assessment Tests (SATs), at the end of key
stage 1, held to assess literacy, language grammar and
sometime science
• GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) taken at
the end of key stage 4 (age 16) Core subjects like Maths,
English, Science
• A Levels, taken in 12-13(1year programme). Entry
qualification test for higher education.
• Examination Content: Content of examination. is called
assessment style in England
STAGES OF EXAMINATION SYSTEM
• Written Exam (Major format for GCSEs A
Levels)
• Course work specific subjects have course work
assessment
• Practical Assessment: Science experiments Art
Portfolios, are considered to be part of Practical
work
• Oral Exam: Last and final stage of the
assessment is oral test in language subjects
 Assessment Frequency
• Assessment begins at the primary education (not
with burdenised papers).
• Baseline assessment upon entry.
• Ongoing speaking test assessments at the level of
secondary education school-based assessments
begins to start (e.g team exams, projects, reports)
• Mock test typically held once or twice a year Final
GCSE exams at the end of course A level exams are
Mock exams, internal assessments and course work
Which Domain Is
Neglecting In Our
Examination
System???
PRESENTED BY : BANO BATOOL

Grading Educational
system scholarships

Distance Educational
education budget
 Grading System
• At Primary and lower secondary stages (key
Stage 1-3) Non-formal national grading scale
Pupils are assessed through teacher
assessments and work sheet tests.
• Since 2017, England uses a numerical 9-1
grading Scale.
 GRADING SYSTEM IN ENGLAND
GRADE DESCRIPTION OLD LETTER Eq
9 Highest A+
8 High A A+
7 Solid A A
6 High B B
5 Strong Pass C+
4 Standard Pass C
3 D/E range D/E
2 Low E/F E/F
1 Graded G
U Undergraded/Fail U
 UNIVERSITY GRADING SYSTEM
Class Percentage Range

First Class 70% and above

Upper Second Class 60-69%

Lower Second Class 50%-59%

Third Class 40%-49%

Fail Below 40%

Average marks to achieve in higher education is 70%

65-70 in GCSE
97% in A levels for university entrance
 QUICK ENERGIZER!!!
DESCRIBE YOUR VISION
IN ONE WORD
 Educational Opportunities / Scholarships
In England
• England offered wide range of educational opportunities and
scholarships for both domestic and international students
• University of Cambridge offers undergraduate scholarship
programs.
• University of Manchester provide wide range of under graduate
courses
• Universal College of London offers programs of undergraduate
and post-graduate, In Scotland.
• Chevening Scholarships funded by Uk government for one-year
Master degree.
• GREAT Scholarships offered in partnership with Uk government
for students from specific Countries
 Distance Education In England
• The Open University (OU) was founded in 1909 to offer degree programmes by
distance learning across the United Kingdom. It accepts all applicants over the
normal minimum age of 18 without imposing formal entrance requirements
With more than 180,000 students enrolled, including more than 25,000
students studying in other countries around the world, it is the largest
academic institution in th Uk in terms of student numbers.
• Institutions of Distance Education
• University of Leicester.
• The Open University.
• University of London
• The University of Manchester.
• When enrolled in different institutions of distance education, people can learn
from their busy daily life schedule, by studying a wide range of subjects. These
institutions offers. flexible full-time and part-time study for under graduates
and post graduate courses.
 Educational Budget of England
• As of 2024-25 Fiscal year, England's education
budget reflects significant investment across
the various sectors. Education spending in
England is projected at 116 billion, making it
the second-largest public service expenditure
after health. This equates to approximately
4.1% of the UK's national income.
• Reference: Institute for Fiscal Studies(2024)
PRESENTED BY : BISMA ZAHRA
• Literacy rate of England
• School timing in England
• Higher educational institutions in england
• World rank in Education
• Conclusion
 Literacy Rate of England
• As of the most recent data England's Literary
rate is 99%.
• This figure reflects basic literacy-the ability to
read and write at a functional level.
• While Around 1 in 6 adults in England about
16.4% have very low literary rate, according to
data from the (National Literary Trust).
HARD TO PRONOUNCE

Jalapeno
Quinoa
Entrepreneur
Drawers
 School Timing In England
• School timings in England scheduled strictly from
the Head of State and Department of Education.
• School timing: students spent 6 hours 30 mints
in a day in school.
• School days: Monday to Friday, typically operate
on a five-day week.
• Holidays: Approximately 104 holidays in a year
for students, including festivals, winter and
summer breaks, spring break and weekends.
PRIMARY LEVEL TIME TABLE

https://library.sheffieldchildrens.nhs.uk/how-
to-make-your-childs-Primary-school-
timetable-accessible/
SECONDARY LEVEL TIME TABLE

https://holyrood-sec.glasgow.sch.uk/pupils-
3/school-day/
 No Of Higher Education Institutions In
England
• In England, these are 160 degree-awarding
institutions with 124 of those being
universities.2,997,15's enrolled students in
higher education of England About 900,000
students obtain undergraduate certificates each
year and 390,000 earn Master's degree.
• The average education rate for students in Public
Universities within year time frame is 85%.
• http://explore-education statistics. Service .uk
 HOW CAN PAKISTAN
IMPROVE ITS WORLD
RANKING IN
EDUCATION???
 World Rank In Education England
• As of 2024, the United kingdom-England ranks
among the top countries globally for
education. Uk education system ranked
among top 10 well-developed education
system.
• According to World Population Review
(2005), The Uk is ranked 12th position in
global education ranking. The Uk is ranked and
among the best Countries for education.
 Conclusion
• The comparative analysis of the education system of Pakistan and England
reveals a Stark contrast in both quality and investment .England's education
system have variety of learning opportunities : unlike England Pakistan lack
most of opportunities and facilities After diving deep into the education system
of England and also compares it with our beloved country. I found much and
vast difference between western education system and Asian education system.
• This comparative analysis enhance our creativity and curiosity to implement
and promote western education system, especially the examination system and
technology usage in primary and secondary level to address our issues. Pakistan
should require sustainable reforms. increase public investments, quality of
education.
• The whole analysis is all about the system. of education and how they (British
people) provide education to their citizens. Although, England also faces
educational issues but the tend to improve and upgrade their systems nation
wide
 REFERENCES AND LINKS
• References
• CEOWORLD Magazine (3034) April3) Countries with the best education
system.
• Institute for fiscal Studies (2024)
• Annual report on education spending in England
• The National Curriculum. in England. Ofsted (2022) State of Education
Reports
• Links
• http://norric.org/files/education-systems/Pakistan
• http: // explore-education statistics service uk
• http: // www paradigm shift.com.pk
• http II www.gov.uk/ national curriculum
• http II www.ucas.com.
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QUESTION?
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