Congruent Triangle
Congruence in Triangles
Congruence in two or more triangles depends on the
measurements of their sides and angles. The three sides
of a triangle determine its size and the three angles of a
triangle determine its shape. Two triangles are said to
be congruent if pairs of their corresponding sides and
their corresponding angles are equal.
PQ = XY, PR = XZ, and QR = YZ
∠P = ∠X, ∠Q = ∠Y and ∠R = ∠Z
The two triangles need to be of the same size and shape to be
congruent. Both the triangles under consideration should superimpose
on each other.
Thus on identifying the
corresponding parts of the
given triangles, we can confirm
that Δ ABC ≅ ΔPQR.
Two triangles are said to be congruent if they are of the
same size and same shape. Necessarily, not all the six
corresponding elements of both the triangles must be
found to determine that they are congruent. Based on
studies and experiments, there are 5 conditions for two
triangles to be congruent. They are SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS,
and RHS congruence properties.
SSS Criterion for
Congruence
SSS criterion stands for Side-Side-Side criterion. Under this criterion,
two triangles are congruent if three sides of a triangle are equal to the
corresponding sides of the other triangle.
SAS Criterion for
Congruence
SAS criterion stands for Side-Angle-Side criterion. Under this criterion,
two triangles are congruent if the two sides and the included angle of
one triangle are equal to the corresponding sides and the included angle
of the other triangle.
ASA Criterion for
Congruence
ASA criterion stands for Angle-Side-Angle criterion. Under the ASA
criterion, two triangles are congruent if any two angles and the side
included between them of one triangle are equal to the corresponding
angles and the included side of the other triangle.
AAS Criterion for
Congruence
AAS criterion stands for Angle-Angle-Side criterion. Under the
AAS criterion, two triangles are congruent if any two angles and the
non-included side of one triangle are equal to the corresponding angles
and the non-included side of the other triangle.
RHS Criterion for
Congruence
RHS criterion stands for right angle-hypotenuse-side congruence
criterion. Under this criterion, two triangles are congruent, if the
hypotenuse and side of one right-angled triangle are equal to the
hypotenuse and the corresponding side of another right-angled triangle.
• Two triangles are congruent if the six parts (3 sides
and 3 angles) of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding six parts of the other triangle.
• There are five conditions to determine if two
Important
triangles are congruent. They are SSS, SAS, ASA,
notes
AAS, and RHS criteria.
• Two triangles with equal corresponding angles may
not be congruent to each other because one
triangle might be an enlarged copy of the other.
Hence, there is no AAA criterion for congruence.
• We represent the congruency by using the symbol
(≅).
• If two triangles are congruent then their perimeters
and areas are equal.
Thank
you!
