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Natural Calamities - Earth Quake SU Dhiya Varshini

The document discusses natural calamities, focusing on earthquakes, their causes, effects, and preparedness measures. It outlines the types of earthquakes, major historical events, and earthquake-prone zones, emphasizing the importance of safety measures before, during, and after an earthquake. The conclusion highlights the role of scientific monitoring and preparedness in minimizing risks associated with earthquakes.

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31 views11 pages

Natural Calamities - Earth Quake SU Dhiya Varshini

The document discusses natural calamities, focusing on earthquakes, their causes, effects, and preparedness measures. It outlines the types of earthquakes, major historical events, and earthquake-prone zones, emphasizing the importance of safety measures before, during, and after an earthquake. The conclusion highlights the role of scientific monitoring and preparedness in minimizing risks associated with earthquakes.

Uploaded by

dhiya.varshini.sasi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Natural Calamities:

Earthquakes
Understanding Causes, Effects,
and Preparedness

Presented By: SU DHIYA VARSHINI


CLASS: VIII ADROIT
Introduction to Natural
Calamities
•Natural calamities are disasters caused by
natural forces.
•They include earthquakes, floods, cyclones,
volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and landslides.
•These events can cause severe destruction to
life, property, and the environment.
What is an
Earthquake?
•Tremors or
vibrations felt on
land, due to
disturbance s caused
below the surface of
the earth, are called
earth quakes

• An earth quake is a
sudden shaking or
trembling of the earth
lasting for a very
short time
Causes and Types of Earthquakes

Tectonic Plate
Movements – Most
common cause, occurs
at fault lines.
Volcanic Eruptions –
Magma movement can
trigger earthquakes.
Human Activities –
Mining, drilling, and
nuclear explosions can
cause minor quakes.
Collapse - earthquake
caused by the sudden
collapse of
underground caves,
tunnels, or mines.
Effects of
Earthquakes

•Ground shaking
•Surface rupture
•Tsunamis
•Landslides
•Fires due to gas
leaks
•Structural damage
to buildings
Major Earthquakes in History
1.1906 San Francisco Earthquake (USA) – Magnitude 7.9
2.2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake & Tsunami – Magnitude 9.1
3.2010 Haiti Earthquake – Magnitude 7.0
4.2011 Japan Earthquake & Tsunami – Magnitude 9.0

Earthquake-Prone Zones
1.The Pacific Ring of Fire
2.The Himalayan Belt
3.The San Andreas Fault (California, USA)
4.The Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
5.Turkey & Iran (Alpide Belt)
Measuring of Earth Quake
Safety Measures
 Before an
Earthquake:Identify safe spots
(under tables, doorways).
 Secure furniture to walls.
 Prepare an emergency kit.
 During an Earthquake:Drop,
Cover, and Hold On.
 Stay away from windows and
heavy objects.
 If outdoors, move to an open
area.
 After an Earthquake:Check
for injuries.
 Avoid damaged buildings.
 Be prepared for aftershocks.
Earthquake Prediction and
Preparedness and Conclusion
Scientists use seismic monitoring to study
earthquake patterns.
Early warning systems help in minimizing
damage.
Governments enforce strict building codes in
earthquake-prone areas.
Earthquakes are unpredictable but preparedness
can reduce risks.
Awareness, infrastructure planning, and disaster
response systems are crucial.
Stay informed, stay safe!
THANK YOU

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