ME 119 ENGINEERING DRAWING

Chapter 9
Machine Elements
(Threaded Fasteners)

PROF. JITENDRA SHAH

Prepared by : Avinash Renuke (TA)

 Types of Fastenings
1. Permanent
Welding Gluing Riveting
 Types of Fastenings
2. Temporary

Threaded fastener
- bolts
- studs
- screws

Non-threaded fastener
key
- keys
- pin
 APPLICATION

1. To hold parts together.

2. To move part(s) relative to others.
3. To transfer power

Part A Part B

Part C
 FACTS…..

Did you know that?

The Boeing 747 uses about 2.5 million fasteners

-- 70,000 titanium costing $150,000

-- 400,000 other fasteners costing about $250,000
-- 30,000 squeeze rivets, 50cents each installed

Part A Part B
In certain applications (such as an engine head), you
should tighten the bolt as much as possible, if it
does not fail by twisting during tightening, there is a
very good possibility that the bolt will never fail Part C
 THREAD TERMINOLOGY
External A thread cut on the outside of
thread a cylindrical body.

Internal A thread cut on the inside of

thread a cylindrical body.

External thread
Internal thread
 THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Right-hand Thread that will assemble when
thread turned clockwise.

Left-hand Thread that will assemble when

thread turned counter-clockwise.

Turnbuckle use RH and LH thread at

each end to double displacement.
 THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Crest The peak edge of a thread.

Root The bottom of the thread cut into

a cylindrical body.
Thread angle The angle between threads faces.

External Thread Internal Thread

Thread angle

Root Crest

Crest
Root
 THREAD TERMINOLOGY
The largest diameter on
Major diameter
an internal or external thread.
The smallest diameter on
Minor diameter
an internal or external thread.

External Thread Internal Thread

dia.
Minor
dia.
Major

dia.
Major
dia.
Minor
 THREAD TERMINOLOGY
The distance between crests of
Pitch
threads.

Lead The distance a screw will advance

when turned 360o.

External Thread Internal Thread

Pitch
Pitch
 THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Form is the profile shape of the
Thread Form
thread.

Example :
“knuckle thread form”
THREAD REPRESENTATION

1. Detailed representation

2. Schematic representation

3. Simplified representation
DETAILED REPRESENTATION
Use slanting lines to represent crest and root.

Roots and crest are drawn in sharp Vs.

External thread Internal thread

Thread runout

Pitch 60o
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION
Use alternate long and short lines for representing
crests and roots of the thread, respectively.

External thread Internal thread

Root (thick line)

Pitch Crest (thin line)
SIMPLIFIED REPRESENTATION
Use thick continuous lines for representing crest
and thin continuous lines for representing root of
the thread, respectively.

External thread Internal thread

Thread runout

Pitch/2

Root
Crest
Sectional view
THREADED FASTENERS
THREADED FASTENERS
 ISO Metric Screw Thread Designation
• Nominal size (basic major diameter) and pitch
expressed in millimeters.
• Example: M16 x 1.5 – 5g6g

Metric designation Nominal diameter Pitch Tolerance position & grade

• Example: M10 x 1.5 x 25

Ф10mm 1.5 pitch 25 mm long

• Example: M16 (pitch may be omitted for coarse threads)
 Metric Threads continued
• For external threads, the length of the thread
may be given as a dimension of the drawing.
• For threaded holes that go all the way through
the part, the term THRU is sometimes added
• If no depth is given, the hole is assumed to go
THRU
• For threaded holes that do not go all the way
thru, the depth is given in a note (minimum
depth of full thread) Ex. M12 x 1.75 x 20
 BOLT : Terminology

Bolt is a threaded cylinder with a head.

Thread length

Length
Hexagonal head
Width Head
bolt and nut across flat thickness
 BOLT : Drawing steps

Draw an Draw a Draw

end view bolt head body of a bolt
of the head 30o

Draw

Major
bolt


B/2 B/2
axis

H Length
B
Thread Length

Starting
position
 NUT : Drawing steps

Draw an end view

of the nut B/2 B/2

H
B

Dash lines represent

a threaded hole are
omitted for clarity.
 STUD : Terminology

Stud is a headless bolt, threaded at both ends.

Thread length Thread length

Drawing
representation

Length
 CAP SCREW : Terminology
Cap screw is similar to bolt, but has a longer thread
than a bolt.
 Keys
A small block or wedge inserted between a shaft
and a mating part (a hub). Used to prevent relative
rotation of the two parts.
Keys
THANK YOU