Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy
PRESENTED BY
N.RAMANAA
3rd YEAR MBBS
OBJECTIVES
• Definition
• Etiology
• Classification
Topographic
Types of motor disorder
• Clinical manifestation
• Treatment
DEFINITION
• Cerebral palsy is a term used for a group of non progressive disorder
of movement and posture caused by abnormal development of
damage to motor control centres of the brain.
ETIOLOGY
PRENATAL
Gestational Maternal
• Diabetes / hypertension • Chromosome abnormalities
• Exposure to radiation / toxins • Genetic syndrome
• Infection(TORCH) • Rh incompatibility
• Seizure • Congenital malformation
PERINATAL
ELECTROMYOGRAM
• Labarotary studies to detect the blood clotting and screen for genetic
or metabolic problem
• Additional test-vision impairment, hearing impairment, speech delay,
intellectual disability
TREATMENT
Non operative
1.Therapy can help a person with a cerebral palsy to enhance
functional abilities and therapy is chiefly symptomatic and preventive
AIMS OS THERAPY
1.To establish locomotion, communication and self help
2.To gain optimum appearance and integration of motor function
3.To correct associated defect as early and effectively
4.To promote educational oppurtunites adapted to individual
child needs
PHYSICAL THERAPY
• Physical therapy is directed towards good skeletal alignment for child
with spasticity, training, face involuntary movement and gait training.
• Physical therapy can help the childs strength, flexibility, balance,
motor development and mobility.
• Physical therapy uses orthotic devices, such as braces, casting and
splints to support and improved walking.
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
• It is to promote childs independent participation in daily activitis and
routines in the home, the school and the community.
• Adaptive equipment may include walkers, seating systems or electric
wheelchairs.
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE
THERAPY
• Speech- language pathologists can help improve the childs ability to
speak clearly or to communicate using sign language.
RECREATION THERAPY
• The therapy can help improve your childs motor skills, speech and
emotional well- being.
PHARMACOLOGY TREATMENT
The goal of drug therapy is to reduce the effects of cerebral palsy and
prevent complication:
Analgesic drug to reduce intense pain or muscle spasm.
Botulinium toxin type A, used to reduce spasticity in targeted muscle of the
upper and lower extremities.
Inhaled nitrous/ oral midazolam used for sedation during botulinum toxin A
injection.
Dantrolene sodium, baclofen, and diazepam to improving muscle
coordination and to muscle relaxation.
Anticonvulsants drugs to relieve or stop seizures.
OPERATIVE TREATMENT
• Surgery used to correct problems with bones and joints by
lengthening any muscles and tendons that or to short and causing
problems.
• Orthopediac surgery may be required to correct contracture or spastic
deformities, to provide stability for an uncontrolled joint, to address
bone malignant and to provide balanced muscle power.
Selective dorsal rhizotomy
• It is surgical procedure that can help children with particularly severe
muscle stiffness in their legs to improve their walking.
• The operation involves cutting some of the nerves in the lower spinal
column which can help relieve leg stiffness
Gastrostomy
• Surgery may performed to improve feeding, correct gastro
oesophageal reflex disease and correct associated dental problems.
THANK YOU