THE DISCIPLINE OF

COUNSELING
WHAT IS COUNSELING?
Counseling is a dynamic field seen as a process, a
relationship, an art, a science, and a profession. It aims to
help individuals grow, cope, and make informed choices.

Counseling as a Process
Counseling is “a proactive, holistically oriented process…
empowering the client to decide on feasible goals and…
use personal and environmental resources” (Eaves,
Erford, & Fallon 2009, in Garcia 2012, 125). It involves
steps that help clients gain self-awareness and make
better decisions. The number of sessions depends on the
client’s needs.
Counseling as a Relationship

Feltham and Dryden (in McLeod 2003, 7) describe

counseling as “a principled relationship” guided by
theory, skills, and personal connection. Kaplan, Tarvydas,
and Gladding (2014, 368) define it as “a professional
relationship” that supports mental health and life goals.
Counseling should be a shared, respectful partnership
where clients take responsibility for their choices.
Counseling as an Art

Counseling is a flexible and creative process where

counselors adapt their approach to the unique
needs of their clients. They are artists who use their
natural talents to address clients' concerns.
Counselors must constantly think of new ways to
address clients' concerns. Giving of oneself is a
delicate process that can be challenging and
exhausting. This process involves providing concern
and support, going beyond oneself, and exploring
the subjective realm of counseling.
Counseling as a Science

Counseling is a science that focuses on the

objective realm of the counseling process,
requiring counselors to be "counselor-
scientists" who can formulate observations,
test hypotheses, build theories, use
psychological tests, and use research
methods. They address client needs by
studying their physical, emotional,
psychological, social, economic, and spiritual
dimensions, and utilizing theoretical
frameworks of human development and
personality.
Counseling as an Emerging Profession and
Goals of Counseling

Introduction Counseling is more than just

giving advice—it’s a growing profession that
helps people face life’s with problems,
discover their strengths, and make better
choices. Over time, counseling has been
viewed as a process, a relationship, an art,
and even a science. It continues to grow as a
professional field that offers real help to
individuals and communities.
What is Counseling?

Counseling is a process where trained professionals

help clients cope with challenges, understand
themselves better, and grow emotionally and
mentally. It empowers people to make their own
decisions and find solutions using their strengths
and support systems.

It’s not a one-size-fits-all process—some people may

need one session, others may need several. But at
its core, counseling is about guiding clients in their
journey of healing and self-discovery.
Counseling is a process where a
trained professional, known as a
counselor or therapist, helps
individuals, couples, families, or
groups to explore and understand
their thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors. The goal of counseling is
to empower clients to manage their
challenges, improve their well-being,
and enhance their quality of life.
WHAT COUNSELING IS AN
EMERGING PROFESSIONS

Counseling is an emerging
profession that has gained
significant recognition and
importance in recent years.
Here's why:

# Key Factors Contributing to its Emergence

1. Growing awareness of mental health: Increased awareness
and reduced stigma around mental health issues have led to a
greater demand for counseling services.
2. Expanding scope of practice: Counselors are now working in
diverse settings, such as schools, hospitals, clinics, and private
practices, addressing a wide range of issues.
3. Advances in technology: Online counseling and teletherapy have
expanded access to counseling services, making it more convenient
and accessible.
4. Increasing emphasis on prevention and wellness: Counselors
are focusing on preventive measures and promoting overall well-
being, rather than just treating mental health issues.
Counseling as a Relationship

Counseling is also a relationship between two

people: the counselor and the client. It’s based on
trust, respect, and communication. The counselor
helps, but it’s the client who takes the steps
forward. Think of it like learning to ride a bike—at
first, the counselor supports the client, but
eventually the client learns to go on their own.

This relationship is equal, not one where the

counselor is “above” the client. It’s about working
together toward growth and healing.
Why Counseling is an Emerging Profession

•Counseling is now recognized as a formal

profession because:
•It has clear goals and theories.
•Counselors follow ethical guidelines.
•It supports mental health, career growth,
education, and relationships.
•It plays a vital role in schools, communities, and
workplaces.

With rising awareness about mental health,

counseling is more needed than ever before.
Goals of Counseling

Counseling helps clients in many ways. Also Here are the main goals and what they aim to achieve:

•Goal - What It Helps With

•Insight - Understand people, situations, and events better.
•Relating with others - Build healthy and meaningful relationships.
•Self-awareness - Know more about your thoughts, emotions, and behavior.
•Self-acceptance - Learn to accept and value yourself.
•Self-actualization - Reach your full potential and grow as a person.
•Enlightenment Grow - spiritually and find deeper meaning.
•Problem-solving - Learn how to deal with challenges effectively.
•Psychological education - Understand how people think and behave.
•Social skills - Improve communication and interaction with others.
•Cognitive change - Change negative thoughts that hold you back.
•Behavior change - Replace harmful behaviors with helpful ones.
•Systemic change - Understand and improve problems linked to social systems.
•Empowerment - Gain control over your life through knowledge and skills.
•Restitution - Make peace with past mistakes.
•Social action - Encourage doing good for others and the community.
Conclusion

Counseling is a powerful, growing profession

that brings hope and healing. Whether it’s
helping someone with personal problems,
relationships, or making life choices,
counseling provides support that truly
matters. Its goals are not just about fixing
problems—but also about helping people
grow, become better, and live more
meaningful lives.
Facilitating client and development to table

• Counseling aims to help clients reach their full capacity

and facilitate their growth by enabling them to acquire
their abilities and achieve their dreams. Counseling
involves helping clients to understand the cause of their
problems and learn how to overcome them. For instance,
a bright student with a poor academic record can be
helped through counseling to find and overcome
obstacles. Counseling results in most cases are in the
form of problem-solving (gaining understanding,
acceptance, and action), learning (new skills and
strategies), and social integration (engaging with others
and society). To ensure effective achievement of these
results, counselors and clients should collaborate to
develop clear goals, so that clients take ownership of
their counseling process and objectives.
SCOPE OF COUNSELING

Counseling supports personal and relational

growth through individual counseling for
issues like identity and anxiety, premarital
and marital counseling for relationship
dynamics, and family counseling for
challenges such as conflict and
communication.
PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING

1.Acceptance: Counselors provide unconditional acceptance to all clients, regardless of

their background or needs.

2.Communication: Effective counseling relies on clear communication, both verbal and

nonverbal, to understand clients' needs.

3.Empathy: Counselors strive to understand clients’ perspectives and the meanings they
assign to their experiences.

4.Nonjudgment: Counselors maintain a non-biased attitude, allowing clients to feel

valued and safe to share openly.

5.Confidentiality: Counselors protect clients' personal information, with some legal and
ethical exceptions.

6.Individuality: Counselors acknowledge the uniqueness of each client, adapting their

approaches to fit individual concerns.

7. Nonemotional Involvement: Counselors maintain objectivity and professional

boundaries, avoiding personal biases and emotional entanglement.
Core Values of Counseling:

The core values of counseling are total respect for

universal human rights and respect for individual
and cultural differences (European Association for
Counseling 2013). These can be further understood
when counselors' values are examined. According
to. Cottone and Tarvydas (2007, 70), values are
defined as "intrinsically worthwhile or worthy of
esteem for its own sake and reflect the value
holder's worldview, culture, or understanding of
the world." Values stem from the individual's
interactions with people as well as his or her
experiences with the environment.
The European Association for Counseling (EAC) (2013) provided eight core values
that counselors should manifest in their professional practice:

Respect -is recognizing the clients' individual as well as cultural differences.

Counselors have the responsibility to be aware and be sensitive to the clients'
various backgrounds.

Integrity -is recognizing the clients' right to "maintain their physical and
emotional boundaries and the right not to be exploited in any way" (EAC 2013,
13). Counselors should avoid engaging in unethical behaviors.

Authority -means that the decision to enter the counseling relationship rests on
clients alone. Counselors must respect the fact that clients can decide to
commence or terminate the counseling relationship.

Autonomy -is recognizing the clients' right to self-determination as long as this

does not impinge on the rights of others.
Privacy -means ensuring that the counseling sessions are conducted
in a conducive and safe place away from prying eyes and ears.

Confidentiality -is ensuring that information disclosed during the

sessions is kept classified. However, counselors must discuss with
their clients that there are limits to confidentiality.

Responsibility -means that counselors consciously and diligently

exercise their duties and tasks according to ethical standards.

Competence -is a "requirement for counselors to ensure and maintain

high standards of practice in their work. Counselors should only
provide those services and use only those and techniques for which
they are qualified by education, training or experience" (EAC 2013,
14).
THANK YOU FOR (DIASS)
SUBJECT TEACHER:
LISTENING! JONALENNE C.
ROSALE