UNIT -02

HEALTH PLANNING AND POLICIES

AND PROBLEMS
 FIVE YEAR PLAN
INTRODUCTION

• In 1950 planning commission was constituted to help government to plan

out integrated development plan for the entire country with the availble
resource for a defined period of five year for its social –economic progress
• The government of india and planning commission gave considerable
importance to health in five year plans.
• The health objectives of five year plan are :
 CONTI…..

• Control and eradication of various communicable diseases ,definciency

and chronic diseases.
• Strengthening of mrdical and basic health services bt establishing
district health units primary health centers and sub –centers.
• Population control.
• Development of health manpower
 CONTI….

• Development of indigenous system of medicine .

• Improvement of environmental sanitation.
• Drug control
 THE FIRST FIVE PLAN
(1951-1956)
• The aim :- the aim of the first five year plan was to fight
against disease ,malnutrition and unhealthy environment and
to build up health services for rural population and for
mother and children in order to improve health status of
people.
 CONT…
THE PRIORITIES
• Safe water supply and sanitation.
• Control of malaria.
• Health care of rural population.
• Health services for mother and children.
• Education training and health education.
 CONTI…

• Self sufficiency in drug and equipments.

• Family planning and population control.
 THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS

• 1951:The bcg vaccination programme to prevent and control

tb was launched.
• 1952:the central council of health was constituted ;phc were
set up to render health services in rural areas;anm nurse
midwife training was started.
 CONTI…
• 1953: The national malaria control programme was
launched ; the national family planning programme was
launched.
• 1954: the central social welfare board was set up the
national leprosy control programme was launched , the
national water supply and sanitation programme the prevent
food adulteration act.
 CONTI…

• 1955: The national filaria control programme was launched

national tb sample survey was started the minimum age for
marriage 18 year for boys and 15 years for girls was
prescribed by hindu marriage act.
 THE SECOND FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1956-1961)
• THE AIM :- The aim of second five year plan was to expand
existing health services to bring them within the reach of all
people so as to promote progressive improvement of
nation’s health
 CONTI…
THE PRIORITIES
• Establishment of institutional facilities for rural as well as for
urban population
• Development of technical manpower.
• Control of communicable disases.
• Water supply and sanitation.
• Family planning and other supporting progrmmes.
 CONTI…
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENT
• 1957: Demographic research centers were established
• 1958: the national malaria control programme was
converted to national eradication programme the three
structure of local self governing bodies From the village to
the district level was recommended
 CONTI…

• 1959: Mudaliar committee was set by the government of India.

Panchayati raj was introduced ;the national institute of tb was
established at Bangalore.
• 1960: The national Nutrition advisory committee was
formed ;the school health committee was appointed by the union
ministry of health
 THE THIRD FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1961-1966)
• The Aim :- The main aim of the third five year plan was to
remove the shortages and deficiencies which were observed at
the end of the second five year plan in the filed of health.
These were pertaining to institutional facilities especially in
rural area shortage of trained personnel and supplies lack of
safe drinking water in rural areas and inadequate drainage
 CONTI..
THE PRIORITIES
• Safe water supply in villages and sanitation especially the drainage
facility in the urban area.
• Expansion of institutional facilities to promote accessibility
especially in the rural areas.
• Eradication of malaria and small pox and control of various
other communicable diseases.
 CONTI..

• Family planning and other supporting services for

improving health status of people.
• Development of manpower.
 CONTI…
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENT
• 1961: The central bureau of health intelligence was
established the mudaliar committee report was submmitted
and published strengthening and upgrading of existing
health centers in stages provision of ambulance services for
emergency medical care.
• 1962: The national small pox eradication programme and….
 CONTI…

• National goiter control programme were launched the district tb

programme was conceptualized.
• 1963:Applied nutritional programme was started with the support of
UNICEF, WHO, FAO.
• 1964: The national institute of health administation and
education was established.
 CONTI…

• 1965: Lippies loop was recommended as safe and effective

family planning device B.C.G vaccination without
tuberculin test was introduced on house to house basic a
committee under the chairmanship of shri mukharji was
appointed.
 CONTI….

• 1967: The central council of health recommended

compulsory payment by patients attending to hospital.
• 1968: A medical education committee was appointed to
study the various aspects of medical education a bill on
registration of Births and deaths was passed.
 FORTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1969- 1974)
• THE AIM: The main aim of his plan was to strengthen PHC
network in rural areas for undertaking preventive ,curative
and family planning services and to take over the
maintenance phase of communicable diseases.
 CONTI…
THE PRIORITIES
• Family planning programme.
• Strengthening of primary health centers.
• Strengthening of sub divisional and district hospital to
provide effective referral support to PHC.
• Intensification of control programmes.
 CONTI…

• Expansion of medical and nursing education training of para

medical personnel to meet the minimum technical
manpower requirements.
 CONTI…
MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
• 1969: The nutritional research laboratory was expanded to
national institute of nutrition. The central birth and deaths
registration act.
• 1970: The population council of india was set up all india
hospital family planning programme Was launched mobile…
 CONTI….

• Service unit’s scheme was launched the drug order

was launched.
• 1971: The family control scheme for industrial
workers was introduced the medical termination of
pregnancy Bill was passed by the parliament.
 CONTI..

• 1972: The kartar Singh committee report submitted.

• 1973: Minimum need programme was formulated a scheme
of setting 30 bedded rural hospital serving for PHC was run.
 THE FIFTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1974 - 1979)
• THE AIM : The main aim of this plan was provide minimum
level of well integrated health MCH & Fp nutrition and
immunization services to all the people with special reference
to vulnerable groups especially children pregnant Women and
nursing women buildup a network of infrastructure in all the
Blocks and well structured Referral...
 CONTI..
THE PRIORITIES
• Increasing accessibility if health services in rural areas.
• Further development of referral services by removing
deficiencies in district and subdivision hospital.
• Integration of health ,family planning and nutrition.
• The control and eradication of communicable diseases especially
 CONTI….

• Malaria and small pox.

• Qualitive improvement in the education and training of
health personnel.
 CONTI…
MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
• 1974: World population year of united nation Shrivastava
committee was set up in November.
• 1975: Integrated child development scheme was launched
children welfare board was set up the cigarette act was by
the Shrivastava committee submitted its report.
 CONTI….

• 1976: The prevention of food adulteration act 1975 come into a

new population policy was announced.
• 1977: rural health scheme was launched the training of
community health workers was initiated revised modified plan of
malaria eradication was implemented the goal of health for all
was adopted by who.
 CONTI…

• 1978 : The child marriage bill 1978 fixing the minimum

marriage age 21 year for boys and 18 year for girls was
passed alma ata declared phc strategy.
• 1979 : The declaration of alma ata on primary health care
strategy was by who.
 THE SIXTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1980 - 1985)
• THE AIM: The main aim of the this plan was workout
alternative strategy and plan of action for primary health
care as part of national health system which is accessible to
all section of society and especially those living in tribal,
hilly rural areas and urban .
 CONTI…
THE PRIORITIES
• Rural health services.
• Control of communicable and other diseases.
• Development of rural and urban hospitals.
• Improvement of medical education and training.
• Medical research.
 CONTI….

• Drug control and prevention of food adulteration.

• Population control and family welfare including MCH.
• Water supply and sanitation.
• Nutrition.
 CONTI…
MAJOR DEVELOPMENT
• 1980: The working group on health was constituted.
• 1981: the health care strategy for health for all was evolved. The
air prevention and control of pollution act of 1981 was launched.
• 1982: The national health policy was announced the 20 point
programme was announced.
 CONTI…

• 1983: The national leprosy control programme was changed

to national leprosy eradication programme national health
policy was approved national guinea worm eradication
programme was started medical education review committee
submitted it’s report.
 CONTI…

• 1984: The bopal gas tragedy a devastating industrial

accident occurred the workmen compensation act 1984
come into…
 THE SEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1985 -1990)
• THE AIM : The main aim for the this plan was to plan and
provide primary health care and medical services with
special consideration to vulnerable groups and those who are
living in tribal, hilly rural areas so as to achieve the goal of
health for all by 2000 A.D
 CONTI…
THE PRIORITIES
• Health services in rural tribal and hilly areas under
minimum need programme.
• Medical education and training.
• Control of emerging health problems espically in the area of
non communicable diseases.
 CONTI…

• MCH and family welfare.

• Medical research
• Safe water supply and sanitation.
• Standardization ,integration and application of indian system
of medicine.
 CONTI….
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENT
• 1985: Universal immunization programme was launched.
• 1986: the environment protection was promulgated passed
mental health bill.Juvenile justice act started national AIDS
control programme was launched.
• 1987: World wide safe motherhood campaign was started by.
 CONTI…

• World bank the factories act started working national diabetes control
programme was launched.
• 1988 to 1991: The ESI act 1989 come into acute respiratory
infection programme was started the 1991 census was conducted
the high power committee on nursing and nursing profession
published its reports in 1989.
 THE EIGHT FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1992 -1997)
• THE AIM: The main aim of this plan to continue
reorganization and strengthening of health infrastructure and
medical services accessible to all especially to vulnerable
groups and those living in tribal hilly rural areas etc.
 CONTI..
THE PRIORITIES
• Developing rural health infrastructure.
• Medical education and training.
• Control of communicable diseases.
• Strengthening of health services.
• Medical research.
 CONTI….

• Universal immunization.
• MCH and family welfare.
• Safe water supply and sanitation.
 CONTI…
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENT
• 1992: Child survival and safe mother hood programme was
started.
• 1993: dots programme was implements.
• 1994 : the panchayat raj act come into operation.
• 1995: ICDS was changed to integrated mother and child..
 CONTI…

• Development services.(The first pulse polio programme for

child development for children under 3year was organized.).
• 1996: Family planning programme was made traget free
approach.
 THE NINTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1997 -2002)
• THE AIM: The ninth plan continued with the same aim as
that of eight plan.
 CONTI…
THE PRIOTITIES
• Control of communicable and non-communicable diseases.
• Efficient primary health care system as part of basic health
care services to optimize accessibility and quality care.
• Strengthening of existing infrastructure.
• Improvement of referral linkage.
 CONTI…

• Development of human resources meeting increasing

demands of nurse in specialty and super specialty areas.
• Strengthening of existing national vertical programmes.
• Disaster and emergency management.
• Strengthening of health research.
 CONTI…
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS WERE
• Reproductive and child health programme was launched.
• Government of India announced national population policy
2000.
• National malaria eradication programme was renamed as
national anti malaria programme in 1999.
 CONTI…

• National family health survey 2 was undertaken.

• Phase II of national AIDS control programme started.
• Government of India announced national AIDS prevention
and control policy 2002.
 TENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(2002 - 2007)
• THE AIM: The focus of planning has shifted from
expansion of services to the enhancement of human well
being.
 CONTI..
THE PRIORITIES
• Restructuring of existing health infrastructures.
• Upgrade the skills of health personnel.
• Improve the quality of reproductive and child health.
• Carry out research on nutritional deficiencies and on optimum
daily requirement of nutrients for indian men &women.
 CONTI…

• Promote rational drug use.

 ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(2007 - 2012)
• THE AIM : Plan provides an opportunity to restructure
polices to achieve a new vision based on faster broad based
and inclusive growth. One objective of the five year plan is
achieving good health for people especially the poor and
underprivileged.
 CONTI…
GOALS
• Reducing MMR to 1 per 1000 live births.
• Reducing IMR to 28 per 1000 live births .
• Reducing TFR to 2.1.
• Providing clean drinking water for all by 2009.
 CONTI..

• Reducing malnutrition among children of age group 0-3 to

half present level.
• Reducing anemia among women and grils by 50 %.
• Raising the sex ration for age group…
 CONTI…
THE PRIOTITIES
• Improving the health equity.
• Improving access to and utilization of essential and quality
health care.
• Increasing focus on health human resources.
• Establishing health .
 CONTI…

• Taking full advantage of local enterprise for solving local

health problems.
• Enhancing efforts at diseases reduction.
• Providing focus to health system and bio medical research.
 CONTI…
TIME-BOUND GOALS.
INCOME &
POVERTY.

INFRASTRUCT
EDUCATION.
URE.

ENVIROMENT. HEALTH.

WOMEN &
CHILDREN.
 TWELFTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(2012 - 2017)
GOALS
• Reduction of IMR.
• Reduction of MMR.
• Reduction of TFR.
• Prevention &reduction malnutrition.
• Raising child sex ration.
 CONTI…

• Prevention & reduction of CDS and non –CDS.