Books
This one we will
follow in the class
Books
This one we will
follow in the class
What is high voltage
A mobile phone is operated from a
4V battery. It may be destroyed if
anyone attempts to operate it from a
12V car battery.
Therefore 12V is quite a high voltage
for a mobile phone.
What is high voltage
230k
down
High voltage is 230k
Step 230k
specially referred
Step up to
Velectrical power system. transformer
transformer is
used to V is
reduce the V
Long transmission line
used to rise the
voltage to
voltage to used to carry the power to
132kV or
33kV Dhaka
230kV
33kV
Step down
At Kaptai we
transformer is
used to reduce 11k
generate at
11kV or 21kV
the voltage to
11kV V
11kV
Another Step down
transformer is used to 400V 230V
Domestic users get
reduce the voltage further to electricity at 230Volt.
400V suitable for end user.
What is high voltage
Below 11kV : Low voltage
11kV – 100kV : HV (high Voltage)
100kV – 400kV : VHV (Very high
voltage)
400kV - 800KV ( Extra high voltage)
1500KV - UHV : Ultra high voltage
Loss
New in Loss in
Why high voltage transmissio
transmissio
n line = n line
I2R,
Basically it is requiredR(2I)
for 2transmission
is theR=4I2R lines
resistance of
to be able to transmit more power over the
Kaptai the line.
Dhaka
same line.
I2I
Therefore we conclude that it is
I I Equation for
not wise to increase the line
power is
current to transmit more power
P= V I Cos
over a line, keeping the voltage
same.
Loss in
Why high voltage transmissio
n line = I2R,
Basically it is requiredRfor transmission lines
is the
resistance of
to be able to transmit more power over the
Kaptai the line.
Dhaka
same line.
I
I 2V
Therefore we see that if the
Transforme Equation for
transmission
r line voltage power
is is
increased
V it is capable of
P= V I Cos
transmitting more power without
I I
increasing the power loss in the line.
Generator
Trends in voltage growth
Ac voltage
Unfortunately it
is a very old
data.
In our country the
highestStudents
operating are
voltagerequested
is 230kV. to
We mayupdate
realizeit.
our position
related to the
global trend.
Trends in voltage growth
dc voltage
Unfortunately
In our country
HVDC
we dohas
transmission not have
been provenany to
HVDC
transmission
be less attractive
to the system
power so far.
system
engineers.
Fields of applications of HV
• Power system engineering
• Research laboratories
• IndustriesInterested
• Nuclear research, particle accelerators
•
students may
Electrostatic precipitators
• find ignition
Automobile new areas
coils
• of applications
Medical application likeof
X-ray machine
HV
What we learn in High
Voltage Engineering
• Testing of HV equipments like
power transformers, bushings, CB,
insulators, cables etc.
• Usually tests are done at a voltage
much higher than the operating
voltage.
• Generation, measurement and
control of different types of HV.
What we learn in High
Voltage Engineering
• Failure mechanism of HV equipments caused
by HV stress.
• Breakdown mechanism of different types of
insulating materials ( solid, liquid, gas,
vacuum) under different types of voltages (ac,
dc, li, si).
• Computer simulation of HV systems so as to (i)
forecast before causing actual breakdown (ii)
Provide guideline towards improved design.
• Provide technical assistance toward designing
HV equipments to be operated at further
higher voltages.
Few future prospects of
HV
• For cosmopolitan cities overhead
distributionInterested
lines are not allowed any more.
HV underground
students cables
mayof compact size is
the solution.
• Compact add new fix-and-forget
all-in-one names type GIS
substationsto arethis list. in near future.
required
• HV has some residential and industrial
applications like water treatment plant,
insect killer/repeller, exhaust air purifier
etc.
ac High Voltage Suppose it is said that the
?
voltage is 100kV.
Then this peak value is
=100 X 103 X 2 volt
Voltage 140kV
In
kV
In high voltage
engineering, we should
100kV
always be careful about the
power frequency
peak value of theac acvoltage
voltage, because this is the
maximum voltage in the
system and may beTime In
responsible for initiatingms
?
breakdown or failure.
10 ms
dc High Voltage 100kV
Voltage
In
?
kV
100kV
dc voltage
Time
In
ms
Lightning Impulse
Voltage
In 90%
American
standard is
?
500k
V
kV 1.5/40 µS
500kV
50% li
10%
Is there any Standard li
t0
Bangladesh 1/50 µS
t1 standard
t ? t3 As Time
per BSS &
In
μsISS
2
Wave front
=1.25(t2-t1) Wave tail
=t3-t0
Switching Impulse
Voltage
In 90%
?
500k
V
kV
500kV
50% li
10% Standard si
t0 250/2500,
t3 120/1000
Time µS
t1 t2 In
μs
Wave front
=1.25(t2-t1) Wave tail
=t3-t0
Course outline
High voltage DC: Rectifier circuits, voltage multipliers, Van-de-Graaff
and electrostatic generators.
High voltage AC: Cascaded transformers and Tesla coils.
Impulse voltage: Shapes, mathematical analysis, codes and
standards, single and multi-stage impulse generators, tripping and
control of impulse generators.
Breakdown in gas, liquid and solid dielectric materials.
High voltage measurements and testing.
Over-voltage phenomenon and insulation coordination: Lightning and
switching surges, basic insulation level, surge diverters and
arresters.
