Hypothesis
Testing
Statistics
Steps in Hypothesis Testing
1 Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.
2 Compute the test statistic.
3 Find the critical value.
4 Make a statistical decision.
5 Summarize the results.
Statistics
Try this!
According to the Civil Code of the Philippines, the
marriageable age of Filipinos is 18. A researcher
found out that the average age of Filipinos who got
married is 23 years old. A random sample of 29
married couples were taken and found out to have
an average age of 21 with a standard deviation of
1.23. Is there a reason to believe that the sample is
significantly younger than the others in getting
married at 1% level of significance?
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
Try this!
A test in Statistics was given to two groups of
Business Administration students. 25 students
majoring in Finance got an average score of 78 with
a standard deviation of 3.5, while 25 students
majoring in Management got an average of score of
81 with a standard deviation of 2.5. Do the
performance of the two groups differ? Assume that
the distribution is normal. Use alpha of 1%.
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
Try this!
In order to increase customer service, a muffler
repair shop claims its mechanics can replace a
muffler in 12 minutes. A time management
specialist selected six repair jobs and found their
mean time to be 11.6 minutes. The standard
deviation of the sample was 2.1 minutes. At 0.025
level of significance, is there enough evidence to
conclude that the mean time in changing is less
than 12 minutes?
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
P-value Approach
Decision Rule for the p-value approach:
Reject H0:
Do not Reject H0:
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
Steps in Hypothesis Testing
1 Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.
2 Compute the test statistic.
3 Find the p-value.
4 Make a statistical decision.
5 Interpret the results.
Statistics
P-value Approach
P-value Interpretation
Less than 0.01 Highly statistically significant
There is very strong evidence
against H0
0.01 to 0.05 Statistically significant
Adequate evidence against H0
Greater than 0.05 Insufficient evidence against H0
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
Try this!
The LA Company has developed a new battery. Its
engineering department claims that each battery
lasts for 200 minutes. In order to test this claim, the
company selected a random sample of 100 new
batteries so that this sample has a mean of 196
minutes with a standard deviation of 30 minutes.
Test the claim that the new batteries run with an
average of 200 minutes. Use a 0.05 level of
significance.
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
The LA Company has developed a new battery. Its engineering department claims that each
battery lasts for 200 minutes. In order to test this claim, the company selected a random
sample of 100 new batteries so that this sample has a mean of 196 minutes with a standard
deviation of 30 minutes. Test the claim that the new batteries run with an average of 200
minutes. Use a 0.05 level of significance.
1 Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.
H0: Ha:
The new batteries will last The new batteries will not
for 200 minutes. last for 200 minutes.
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
The LA Company has developed a new battery. Its engineering department claims that each
battery lasts for 200 minutes. In order to test this claim, the company selected a random
sample of 100 new batteries so that this sample has a mean of 196 minutes with a standard
deviation of 30 minutes. Test the claim that the new batteries run with an average of 200
minutes. Use a 0.05 level of significance.
2 Compute the test statistic.
𝑥 − 𝜇 196 −200
𝑧=
𝑠 ¿
30 ¿−𝟏.𝟑𝟑
√𝑛 √ 100
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
The LA Company has developed a new battery. Its engineering department claims that each
battery lasts for 200 minutes. In order to test this claim, the company selected a random
sample of 100 new batteries so that this sample has a mean of 196 minutes with a standard
deviation of 30 minutes. Test the claim that the new batteries run with an average of 200
minutes. Use a 0.05 level of significance.
3 Find the p-value.
• Use the z table to find the corresponding area for z =
-1.33.
• Area = 0.0918
• Double the area since the problem involves a two-
tailed test to get the p-value.
• p-value = 0.1836
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
The LA Company has developed a new battery. Its engineering department claims that each
battery lasts for 200 minutes. In order to test this claim, the company selected a random
sample of 100 new batteries so that this sample has a mean of 196 minutes with a standard
deviation of 30 minutes. Test the claim that the new batteries run with an average of 200
minutes. Use a 0.05 level of significance.
4 Make the decision.
Reject H0:
Do not Reject H0:
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
The LA Company has developed a new battery. Its engineering department claims that each
battery lasts for 200 minutes. In order to test this claim, the company selected a random
sample of 100 new batteries so that this sample has a mean of 196 minutes with a standard
deviation of 30 minutes. Test the claim that the new batteries run with an average of 200
minutes. Use a 0.05 level of significance.
4 Make the decision.
0 . 1836> 0 . 05
Decision: Do not Reject H0
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
The LA Company has developed a new battery. Its engineering department claims that each
battery lasts for 200 minutes. In order to test this claim, the company selected a random
sample of 100 new batteries so that this sample has a mean of 196 minutes with a standard
deviation of 30 minutes. Test the claim that the new batteries run with an average of 200
minutes. Use a 0.01 level of significance.
5 Interpret the results.
At 5% level of significance, there is enough
evidence to support the claim that the mean
number of minutes that the new batteries
will last for 200 minutes.
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
Try this!
Bryan administered a mathematics achievement
test to a random sample of 50 graduating students.
In this sample, = 90, = 10. The population
parameters are = 83 and
1. Does the sample come from the average
population?
2. Is the performance of the sample above
average?
Use and the p-value method.
Statistics www.presentationgo.com
