11

Computer
Systems Servicing
NC II
Module 1: Types and
Parts of Computers,
and Peripheral Devices
To be well acquainted with computer it is important to know its
basics such as the parts, its classifications, the devices that add
functionalities and the set of programs that manages computer
hardware resources.

This module will give an explanation about the computer’s

types, peripherals, parts and operating system.
At the end of the lesson you are expected to:

 Identify the different types, parts and peripheral devices of a computer.

 Enumerates different types, parts and peripheral devices of a computer.
 Perform Computer Dis-assemble and Assembly and Inventory of hardware parts
and its peripherals
 In this activity, your task is to look for and encircle the words that belong to the types
ACTIVITY 1
and parts of a computer. You Can find parts of Computer in this puzzle.

O M O N I T O R M G I O P O T 1. MONITOR
X E H O L Q W A A Z X C M P M
2. POWER SUPPLY
E M T I N A E I U Q S T O T O
3. SYSTEM UNIT
P O W E R S U P P L Y L M I M
T R I G F Z R E B N L U O C J 4. HARD DISK DRIVE
A Y O S Y S T E M U N I T A S 5. VIDEO CARD
X C C H Q K L K E E U J H L Z 6. KEYBOARD
H A R D D I S K D R I V E D U
7. MEMORY CARD
Q R H L W J H W Q E B I R R I
F D K L E T A R S G G R B I M 8. MOTHER BOARD
H O V I D E O C A R D D O V L 9. OPTICAL DRIVE
H J N O E T P P R T Y O A E L
10. CPU (CENTRAL
I U I O G O U U T R I B R E N
PROCESSING UNIT)
I P K E Y B O A R D M M D A K
C E N T R A L V C A R A D E J
 In this activity, your task is to look for and encircle the words that belong to the types
ACTIVITY 1
and parts of a computer. You Can find parts of Computer in this puzzle. After
encircling the words, classify it by filling in the table entitled Parts of Computer.
M O N I T O R O 1. MONITOR
E P
2. POWER SUPPLY
M T
3. SYSTEM UNIT
P O W E R S U P P L Y M I
R O C 4. HARD DISK DRIVE
Y S Y S T E M U N I T A 5. VIDEO CARD
C H L 6. KEYBOARD
H A R D D I S K D R I V E D
7. MEMORY CARD
R R R
D B I 8. MOTHER BOARD
V I D E O C A R D O V 9. OPTICAL DRIVE
P A E
10. CPU (CENTRAL
U R
PROCESSING UNIT)
K E Y B O A R D D
 A. Types of Computer
Types of Computers based on data handling capabilities:

1. Analogue Computer- Analogue computers

are designed to process analogue data.
Analogue data is continuous data that changes
continuously and cannot have discrete values.
We can say that analogue computers are used
where we don't need exact values always such
as speed, temperature, pressure and current.
Speedometer and mercury thermometer are
examples of analogue computers.
2. Digital computer - designed to perform
calculations and logical operations at high
speed. It accepts the raw data as input in the
form of digits or binary numbers (0 and 1) and
processes it with programs stored in its
memory to produce the output.

All modern computers like laptops, desktops

including smartphones that we use at home or
office are digital computers.
3. Hybrid Computer - features of both
analogue and digital computer. It is fast like an
analogue computer and has memory and
accuracy like digital computers. It can process
both continuous and discrete data. It accepts
analogue signals and convert them into digital
form before processing. So, it is widely used in
specialized applications where both analogue
and digital data is processed.
Types of Computer based on its Size

1. Supercomputer - the biggest and fastest

computers. They are designed to process
huge amount of data. A supercomputer can
process trillions of instructions in a second. It
has thousands of interconnected processors.
Supercomputers are particularly used in
scientific and engineering applications such as
weather forecasting, scientific simulations and
nuclear energy research. The first supercomputer
was developed by Roger Cray in 1976.
2. Mainframe computer - designed to
support hundreds or thousands of users
simultaneously. They can support
multiple programs at the same time. It
means they can execute different
processes simultaneously.

These features of mainframe computers

make them ideal for big organizations
like banking and telecom sectors, which
need to manage and process high volume
of data.
3. Miniframe or Minicomputer – a midsize
multiprocessing computer. It consists of two or
more processors and can support 4 to 200 users
at one time.

Miniframe computers are used in institutes and

departments for tasks such as billing, accounting
and inventory management. A minicomputer lies
between the mainframe and microcomputer as it
is smaller than mainframe but larger than a
microcomputer.
4. Workstation - refers to an individual
computer, or group of computers, used
by a single user to perform work.

It has a faster microprocessor, a large

amount of RAM and high speed graphic
adapters. It generally performs a specific
job with great expertise and is also
intended for serious academic or
professional computation
5. Microcomputer - also known as a personal computer. It
is a general-purpose computer that is designed for
individual use.

It has a microprocessor as a central processing unit,

memory, storage area, input unit and output unit. Laptops
and desktop computers are examples of microcomputers.
They are suitable for personal work that may be making an
assignment, watching a movie, or at office for office work.
Types of Micro computers:
Desktop Computer or Personal
Computer (PC) - A desktop
computer is a personal computer
designed for regular use at a
single location on or near a desk
or table due to its size and power
requirements. It is not very
expensive and is suited to the
needs of a single user at home,
small business units, and
organization.
Notebook Computer or Laptop is a
small, portable computer and have all the
features of a desktop computer. The
advantage of the laptop is that it is small
in size, so it can be carried anywhere.

Notebook computers use a variety of

techniques, known as flat-panel
technologies, to produce a lightweight
and non-bulky display screen. Laptops
Computers are higher in cost than the
desktop computers
Netbook
These are smaller notebooks optimized
for low weight and low cost, and are
designed for accessing web-based
applications.
Netbooks deliver the performance
needed to enjoy popular activities like
streaming videos ort music, e-mailing,
web surfing or instant messaging.
Tablet
A tablet is a wireless, portable personal
computer with a touchscreen interface.
The tablet form factor is typically
smaller than a notebook computer, but
larger than a smartphone.
Handheld Computer or Personal
Digital Assistant(PDA) It is a small
computer that can be held on the top of
the palm. It is small in size.

PDA uses a pen or a stylus for input,

instead of the keyboard.

They have a limited memory and are less

powerful. PDAs can be connected to the
internet via wireless connection.
B. PARTS OF COMPUTER and ITS PERIPHERALS
Parts of computer can be classified whether internal or external.
The external parts of a computer are those that can be observed
with the naked eye without having to open or disarm the device.
While the internal is a term used to describe a device or part
that is installed inside the computer.
INTERNAL PARTS OF COMPUTER

Motherboard or Mobo is a printed circuit

board and foundation of a computer that is the
biggest board in a computer chassis.

It allocates power and allows communication

to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other
computer hardware components.
Power Supply
Powers all other components of the
machine. It usually plugs into the
motherboard to power the other parts.

The power supply connects to either an

internal battery (on a laptop) or a plug
for an outlet (on a desktop).
Central Processing Unit (CPU) referred
to as a computer's brain. It. performs
most of the processing inside a computer.

It processes all instructions received by

software running on the PC and by other
hardware components, and acts as a
powerful calculator.
STORAGE DEVICE
Referred to as digital storage, storage media, or
storage medium.

It is any hardware that is capable of holding

information either temporarily or permanently.
Random Access Memory is a temporary form
of memory. When you open an application in
our computer, the computer will place that
application and all its data in the RAM.

Hard Disk Drive. Since RAM is temporary,

your computer needs a place to store data
permanently. The traditional hard drive
consists of several spinning platters with an
arm that physically writes data to the disk.
However, these drives are slow and are
starting to be replaced by the faster solid-state
drives
Solid State Drive is consist of flash memory,
like your smartphone or flash drive. They are
much faster than traditional hard disk drives,
though cost more for the increased efficiency.
Both types of drives come in various sizes to suit
different needs.

Video Card also called a display card,

graphics card, display adapter, or
graphics adapter. It is used to enhance
the quality of images showed on a
display. It is attached to the motherboard
and controls and calculates an image's
appearance on the screen engineers.
Optical Drives. Though less
common than they used to be,
many machines still have an
optical drive for reading CDs
and DVDs. These can be used to
listen to music or watch movies,
place information onto a blank
disc , or install software from a
disc.
Input and Output Devices
Common input devices include mice (touchpads on
laptops), keyboards, and webcams, while output
devices consist of monitors, printers, and speakers.

Removable media such as flash drives and SD cards

can also be used to transfer data between computers.
External Part of Computer

A monitor is an output device that

displays video images and text.

A monitor is made up of circuitry, a

screen, a power supply, buttons to adjust
screen settings, and casing that holds all
of these components.
System Unit also known as a "tower" or
"chassis," is the main part of a desktop computer.
It includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and
other components.

Keyboard
One of the primary input devices used with a
computer. Similar to an electric typewriter, a
keyboard is composed of buttons that create
letters, numbers, and symbols, as well as
perform other functions.
Mouse is a handheld hardware input
device that controls a cursor in a GUI
(graphical user interface) and can move
and select text, icons, files, and folders
on your computer.

Monitor, System unit, Keyboard and mouse are the basic external
parts of computer. However, there are a lot more devices that we
can attach to computer enhance its performance. Let us learn the
peripheral devices that can be attached to a computer.
PERIPHERAL DEVICES
Peripherals are connected directly to a computer but it does not
contribute to the computer's primary function, such as computing.

It helps end users access and use the functionalities of a

computer.

It is commonly divided into three kinds: input devices, output

devices, and storage devices.
Input Devices - An input device converts incoming data and instructions
into a pattern of electrical signals in binary code that are comprehensible
to a digital computer. It is also used to enter data to a computer.
Input Devices includes:

Scanner works more like a photocopy

machine. It is used when some
information is available on paper and it is
to be transferred to the hard disk of the
computer for further manipulation.
Digitizer is also known as Tablet or Graphics
Tablet as it converts graphics and pictorial
data into binary inputs. A graphic tablet as
digitizer is used for fine works of drawing and
image manipulation applications.

Barcode device is used for reading bar coded data

(data in the form of light and dark lines). Bar
coded data is generally used in labelling goods,
numbering the books, etc. It may be a handheld
scanner or may be embedded in a stationary
scanner.
Joystick is also a pointing device, which is used to
move the cursor position on a monitor screen.
It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower
and upper ends. The lower spherical ball moves in a
socket. The joystick can be moved in all four
directions.

The microphone is used for various

applications such as adding sound to a
multimedia presentation or for mixing
music.
Mouse is the most popular pointing device. It
is a very famous cursor-control device having a
small palm size box with a round ball at its
base, which senses the movement of the mouse
and sends corresponding signals to the CPU
when the mouse buttons are pressed.

Keyboard
One of the primary input devices used with a
computer. Similar to an electric typewriter, a
keyboard is composed of buttons that create
letters, numbers, and symbols, as well as
perform other functions.
Output Devices are any peripheral that receives data from a computer,
usually for display, projection, or physical reproduction.
For example, the image shows an inkjet printer, an output device that can
make a hard copy of anything shown on the monitor. Some of the output
devices are as follows:

Headphones sometimes referred to as

earphones, are a hardware output device
that either plugged into a computer line
out or speakers. Headphones allow you
to listen to audio or watch a movie
without disturbing people around you.
A projector is an output device that can
take images generated by a computer or
Blu-ray player and reproduce them by
projection onto a screen, wall, or another
surface.

A printer is an external hardware output

device that takes the electronic data
stored on a computer or other device and
generates a hard copy of it.
Types of printer:
1. 3D printer
2. AIO (all-in-one) printer
3. Dot matrix printer
4. Inkjet printer
5. Laser printer
6. LED printer
7. MFP (multifunction printer) Plotter
8. Thermal printer
Braille reader, also called a braille display, is an
electronic device that allows a blind person to read
the text displayed on a computer monitor.
The computer sends the text to the output device,
where it's converted to Braille and "displayed" by
raising rounded pins through a flat surface.

Plotter is a computer hardware device much

like a printer that is used for printing vector
graphics. Instead of toner, plotters use a pen,
pencil, marker, or another writing tool to draw
multiple , continuous lines onto paper rather
than a series of dots like a traditional printer.
Storage devices are pieces of computer hardware that is used for saving,
carrying and pulling out data. It can keep and retain information short-
term or long-term.

A hard disk drive (also known as a hard

drive, HD, or HDD) stores files for the
operating system and software programs, as
well as user documents, such as photographs,
text files, videos, and audio. The hard drive
uses magnetic storage to record and retrieve
digital information to and from one or more
fast-spinning disks
The compact disc, known for short as a CD, is
a form of optical storage, a technology which
employs lasers and lights to read and write
data. Initially com pact discs were used purely
for music, but in the late 1980's they began to
be also used for computer data storage.

The DVD (digital versatile disc) and Blu-ray disc

(BD) are formats of digital optical disc data storage
which have superseded compact discs, mainly
because of their much greater storage capacity.
USB Flash Drive Also known as a
thumb drive, pen drive, flash-drive,
memory stick, jump drive, and USB
stick, the USB flash drive is a flash
memory data storage device that
incorporates an integrated USB interface.

Flash memory is generally more efficient

and reliable than optical media, being
smaller, faster, and possessing much
greater storage capacity, as well as being
more durable due to a lack of moving
parts
Secure Digital Card (SD Card) A
common type of memory card, SD cards
are used in multiple electronic devices,
including digital cameras and mobile
phones.
Although there are different sizes,
classes, and capacities available, they all
use a rectangular design with one side
"chipped off" to prevent the card from
being inserted into the camera or other
device the wrong way.
Solid State Drive (SSD)
A solid state drive uses flash memory to
store data and is sometimes used in
devices such as netbooks, laptop, and
desktop computers instead of a
traditional hard disk drive.

The advantages of an SSD over a HDD

include a faster read/write speed,
noiseless operation, greater reliability,
and lower power consumption.
Reference:

1. Computer Systems Servicing NC II - Grade 11

Quarter 1 Installing and Configuring Computer Systems
(ICCS)
Module 1: Types and Parts of Computers, Operating Systems
and Peripheral Devices
Deped Albay
Assessment: Multiple Choice. Select the correct letter.

1. What do you call collection of

entities(hardware, software and liveware)
that are designed to receive, process, manage
and present information in a meaningful format.

A. Hardware
B. Software
C. Computer
D. Computer System
2. Which of the following that refers to a
machine that can be programmed to carry
out sequences of arithmetic or logical
operations (computation) automatically?

A. Hardware
B. Computer
C. Hard drive
D. Livewire
3. How can you define a Computer hardware?
A. Appearance that seen in the monitor
B. Physical parts/tangible parts of a
computer
C. The one who use computer
D. A set of instructions that tells the
hardware what to do and how to do it
4. How can you define a Computer Software?
A. Appearance that seen in the monitor
B. Physical parts/tangible parts of a
computer
C. The one who use computer
D. A set of instructions that tells the
hardware what to do and how to do it
5. How can you define a Liveware?
A. Appearance that seen in the monitor
B. Physical parts/tangible parts of a
computer
C. The one who use computer
D. A set of instructions that tells the
hardware what to do and how to do it
6. Which of the following is the best example of
an analogue computer?
A. Laptop
B. Tablet
C. Desktop computer
D. Speedometer
7. How can you infer Digital computer?

A. Designed to perform calculations and logical operations

at high speed
B. Designed to process analogue data
C. Used to move the cursor position on a monitor screen
D. Used for various applications such as adding sound to a
multimedia presentation or for mixing music
8. Which of the following refers to the Hybrid
computer?
A. Combination of keyboard and mouse
B. Combination of analogue and digital computer
C. Both hardware and software
D. Both application and system software
9. How can you define Super computer?

A. Designed to support hundreds or thousands of users

simultaneously
B. Individual computer, or group of computers, used by a
single user to perform work
C. The biggest and fastest computers that designed to
process huge amount of data
D. A midsize multiprocessing computer
10. How can you define Mainframe computer?

A. Designed to support hundreds or thousands of users

simultaneously
B. Individual computer, or group of computers, used by a
single user to perform work
C. The biggest and fastest computers that designed to
process huge amount of data
D. A midsize multiprocessing computer
11. How can you define Miniframe or
Minicomputer?
A. Designed to support hundreds or thousands of users
simultaneously
B. Individual computer, or group of computers, used by a
single user to perform work
C. The biggest and fastest computers that designed to
process huge amount of data
D. A midsize multiprocessing computer
12. Which of the following infer to a personal
computer designed for regular use at a single
location on or near a desk or table due to its size
and power requirements?
A. Desktop computer
B. Handheld computer
C. Tablet
D. Notebook Computer or Laptop
13. Which of the following infer to a printed
circuit board and foundation of a computer that
is the biggest board in a computer chassis?

A. Hard disk drive

B. Optical Drive
C. Motherboard
D. Power supply
14. Referred to as a computer's brain that
performs most of the processing inside a
computer. What is asked?

A. Power supply
B. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
C. Optical drive
D. Memory card
15. Which of the following referred to a digital
storage, storage media, or storage medium?

A. Input device
B. Output device
C. Peripheral device
D. Storage device
16. Which of the following referred to a
temporary form of memory?

A. Optical Drive
B. USB Flash Drive
C. Random Access Memory (RAM)
D. Hard disk drive
17. Which of the following referred to a
permanent form of memory?

A. Optical Drive
B. USB Flash Drive
C. Random Access Memory (RAM)
D. Hard disk drive
18. Which of the following is “NOT” belong to a
peripheral device?

A. Input device
B. Storage device
C. Output device
D. Application software
19. Which of the following refers to the external
hardware output device that takes the electronic
data stored on a computer or other device and
generates a hard copy of it?

A. Barcode reader
B. Printer
C. Projector
D. Scanner
20. What is the advantages of an SSD over an
HDD ?
A. Expensive
B. Minimum storage
C. Faster read/write speed
D. Slow read/write speed
Answer key:
1. D 11. D
2. B
3. B 12. A
4. D
5. C 13. C
6. D 14. B
7. A 15. D
8. B 16. C
9. C 17. D
10. A 18. D
19. B
20. C
Assignment:

1. Bring screw driver