Micro Link Business Information Technology College

Introduction to Emerging Technologies Course Module (EMTE1011/1012)

By Birhanu G.
  Chapter Overview
• Topics Covered:
• Evolution of Technology
• Role of Data in Emerging Technologies
• Programmable Devices and Enabling Networks
• Human to Machine Interaction (HCI)
Chapter 1: Introduction to
Emerging Technologies • Future Technology Trends
• Objectives:
• Understand the industrial revolutions
• Analyze impacts of tech evolution
• Learn about emerging tech and HCI
  By the end of this chapter, students will:
• Understand technological and industrial evolution
• Identify key technological advances
• Analyze societal and industrial impacts
Learning
• Understand programmable devices
Outcomes
• Explore Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
• Gain knowledge of future trends in tech
 Activity 1.1 – Define
1.1 • What is Emerging Technology?
Evolution of • Define Technology and Evolution
Technologie • Compare with the textbook definition

s
 • Emerging Technology: New or developing tech
with major impact expected in 5–10 years.
• Technology: From Greek tekhnologia, meaning

Definitions craft or art method.

• Evolution: From Latin evolutio, meaning unrolling
or developing gradually.
 Examples of currently available emerging
technologies:

• Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Activity 1.2 • Blockchain

– List Top • AR/VR

• Cloud Computing
Emerging • Internet of Things (IoT)
Technologi • Robotic Process Automation (RPA)
es • Intelligent Apps
• Big Data
 • Major shift from hand tools to machines
• Originated in England, late 1700s
1.1.1 • Moved manufacturing to factories
Introduction to
the Industrial • Caused urban migration and societal changes
Revolution (IR)
 • Referred to as the Second IR
The • Timeframe: 1820–1870

American • Affected textiles, mining, glass, and agriculture

Industrial • Used steam and later electricity for mass

production
Revolution
 Four 1.First IR – Steam power & mechanization
2.Second IR – Electricity & mass production
Phases of 3.Third IR – Computers & automation
Industrial 4.Fourth IR – Smart & autonomous systems using
Revolution AI and data

s
  What are the most important inventions of
industrial revolutions?
• Steam Engine
• Spinning Jenny
Activity 1.3 • Telegraph
– • Electric Power

Inventions • Assembly Line

of IR • Computers
• Internet
• AI & Robotics:
 🚗 A. Transportation
• Steam Engine: Powered trains and machines.
1.1.2 The Most • Railroad: Revolutionized long-distance travel and cargo
Important transport.
Inventions of • Diesel Engine: Efficient internal combustion engine.
the Industrial • Airplane: Enabled rapid global transport and communication.
Revolution
📡 B. Communication
• Telegraph: First long-distance electrical communication.
• Transatlantic Cable: Connected continents for the first time.
• Phonograph: First device to record and reproduce sound.
• Telephone: Revolutionized real-time human communication.
 🏭C. Industry
• Cotton Gin: Increased speed of cotton processing.
• Sewing Machine: Transformed garment
manufacturing.
• Electric Lights: Replaced oil lamps; extended
Cont. working hours and urbanization.
 • The Industrial Revolution began in Great
Britain in the late 1770s, then spread to
Belgium, France, and Germany.
• The Agricultural Revolution contributed to the
IR by improving food production and enabling
1.1.3 population growth.

Historical  🏭 Types of Industry

Background Industry Type Description Examples
(IR 1.0, IR 2.0,
IR 3.0) Primary Extracts raw materials Farming, Mining, Fishing

Secondary Manufacturing from raw Steel, Car Production

materials
Tertiary Provides services Teaching, Nursing

Quaternary Knowledge-based, R&D IT, Scientific Research

 Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0)
 The First Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0)
• Major transition in manufacturing processes
• Began in Great Britain during the 1760s
1.1.3.1 • Spread to Europe and North America

Industrial Key Features:

Revolution • Shift from handmade to machine-based

manufacturing
(IR 1.0) • Introduction of steam power
• Development of machine tools
• Rise of the factory system
  Steam Engine:
• Powered factories and locomotives
• Drastically changed transportation and industry
 Figure 1.1 – Steam Engine]
IR 1.0 –
Steam
Engine
 The Second Industrial Revolution (IR 2.0)
• Also known as the Technological Revolution
• Began in the 1870s
 Key Developments:
Industrial • Interchangeable parts in manufacturing
Revolution • Expansion of telegraph and railroad networks
(IR 2.0) • Widespread use of electricity
• Invention and spread of the telephone
• Faster communication and mass production
 Electricity:
• Replaced steam and gas
• Became the new power source for industries and
homes
IR 2.0 –  [ Figure 1.2 – Electricity Transmission Line]
Electricity
&
Communic
ation
 The Third Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0)
• Known as the "Digital Revolution"
• Began in the late 1950s
 Key Features:
1.1.3.3 • Transition from mechanical/analog to digital
Industrial electronics
Revolution (IR • Widespread use of digital logic circuits
3.0)
• Introduction of computers, mobile phones, and the
internet
• Enabled virtual communication and modern
business methods
 Digital Technology Impact:
• Revolutionized communication, business, and data
storage
• Enabled global digital interconnectivity
IR 3.0 – Figure 1.3 – High Tech Electronics]

High Tech
Electronics
 The Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
• Term coined by Klaus Schwab (2016)
• Integrates cyber-physical systems with advanced
technologies
Key Technologies:
• Robotics
1.1.3.4 Fourth • Internet of Things (IoT)

Industrial Revolution • Additive manufacturing (3D printing)

• Autonomous vehicles
(IR 4.0)
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Cyber-Physical Systems:
• Computer-based systems integrated with the internet and
real-world applications
• Example: CNC Machines, AI-driven smartphones,
autonomous robots
  Connected World:
• Anyone Connected Device (ABCD)
• Smart industries, smart homes, smart
agriculture

IR 4.0 – IoT Figure 1.4 – Anybody Connected Device]

and Smart
Devices
 Data as a Strategic Asset:
• Data is the "new oil" in today’s world
• Drives science, technology, economy, and
innovation
1.2 Role of • Presents challenges but unlocks great
Data for opportunities

Emerging Big Data & Analytics:

Technologie • Shapes scientific discovery, economic growth, and

social development
s • Enabling data-driven decision-making in:
• Computing, statistics, and informatics
• Business, health, and social sciences
 Core Digital Electronic Devices:
• Memory Devices – store data (e.g., databases)
• Microprocessors – run software programs
• Logic Devices – handle interfacing, signal processing,
contl operations

1.3 Enabling • Networks – connect devices and enable data sharing

(e.g., the Internet)
Devices and
Programmable Devices:
Network
• Include FPGAs, CPLDs, and PLDs
(Programmable
Devices) • May also include analog versions like Field
Programmable Analog Arrays
 Figure 1.5 – Programmable Device]
 Common Programmable Devices:
• Achronix Speedster SPD60
• Actel’s Devices
• Altera Stratix IV GT, Arria II GX
1.3.1 List of some • Atmel AT91CAP7L
Programmable devices • Cypress PSoC family
• Lattice ECP3
• Lime Microsystems LMS6002
• Silicon Blue Technologies
• Xilinx Virtex 6, Spartan 6
• Xmos L Series
  Discussion Prompt:
• From the programmable devices listed, select 2–3 and describe their
unique features
 Service Enabling Devices (SEDs):
• Channel Service Unit (CSU) / Data Service Unit (DSU)
• Modems

Activity • Routers

1.7 • Switches
• Conferencing Equipment
• Network Appliances (NIDs/SIDs)
• Hosting Equipment and Servers
 Figure 1.5 – Programmable Device]
  Human to Machine Interaction
 Human-Machine Interaction (HMI):
• Communication between a human and a machine via a user
interface
• Natural user interfaces (e.g., gestures) allow intuitive
control

1.4 Human to  What is Interaction in HCI?

• Study of how people interact with computers
Machine Interaction
• Includes user, computer, and how they work together
 How Users Interact with Computers:
• Through input/output devices and software interfaces (e.g.,
GUI)
 Importance of HCI:
• Improves usability and user satisfaction
• Reduces cost, complexity, and design time
  Fields Influencing Human-Computer
Interaction:
• Cognitive Psychology
1.4.1 Disciplines • Computer Science (graphics, UI tools)
Contributing to • Linguistics
HCI • Engineering and Design
• Artificial Intelligence
• Human Factors
 1.5.1 Emerging technology trends in 2019

 Key Technology Trends in 2019:

• 5G Networks
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
1.5 Future • Autonomous Devices
Trends in • Blockchain
Emerging • Augmented Analytics
Technologies • Digital Twins
• Enhanced Edge Computing
• Immersive Experiences in Smart Spaces
  Discussion Prompt:
Activity • Which emerging technologies will have more
1.8 effect on our day-to-day life & how?
  Influential Emerging Technologies:
• Chatbots – Automating customer service and
communication
• Virtual, Augmented & Mixed Reality –
Enhancing education, training, and marketing
Technologies
That Will Shape • Blockchain – Securing data and digital
Your Life and transactions

Business • Ephemeral Apps – Temporary but impactful

mobile content
• Artificial Intelligence – Optimizing decision-
making and automation
 These technologies are not just for top tech
companies — they are already shaping everyday
life and business operations.
  Barfly Discussion Prompt:
• Discuss how each of the following technologies
could shape your future and business:
Activity • Chatbots

1.9 • Virtual, Augmented & Mixed Reality

• Blockchain
• Ephemeral Apps
• Artificial Intelligence
  Debate Setup:
• Form small groups of 3–5 students
• Each group presents one invention from the Industrial Revolution
• Each student speaks for 1–2 minutes
 Topics to Cover:
• What the invention is

Activity 1.10 – • Why it was the most important advancement

Group Debate
• Its impact on society (positive/negative)
 Inventions to Choose From:
• Steam Engine
• Railroad
• Interchangeable Parts
• Steamboat
• Spinning Jenny
• High-Quality Iron
 Vote on the Most Important Invention!
 END

Question?