Lipoprotein Metabolism
Hoda Mustafa
MSc . Medical Biochemistry
Objectives
Define lipoproteins
By the end of this lecture every student must be able to
Classify lipoproteins
Describe lipoproteins Components
Define apo-lipoproteins
Explain Metabolic pathways of
lipoprotein(s)
Dietary lipids and de novo synthesized
lipids by adipose tissue and liver must be
transported between various tissues and
.organs for utilization and storage
?How Lipids transport in the blood
Definition
Lipoproteins are amphipathic molecule
lipids + protein
Lipoproteins members
chylomicron
very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
low density lipoprotein (LDL)
high density lipoprotein (HDL)
Lipoproteins
classification
chylomicron lest density highest mss
very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
low density lipoprotein (LDL)
high density lipoprotein (HDL) highest
density low mass
According to their mass and density
Composition and characteristics of human plasma
lipoproteins
Classes of Lipoproteins
Are Classify according to their movement in electrophoresis ,into:
preβ-lipoprotein
β-lipoprotein
α-lipoprotein
Mobility of lipoproteins in
electrophoresis
Lipoprotein Structure
Consist of two parts : lipid
&protein
: Lipids are
Phospholipids(PL)-1
Cholesterol(C)-2
Triacylglycerol(TG)-3
Cholesteroylester(CE)-4
The 2 above make outer membrane
The 2 below found inside making
the core
Lipoprotein
protein part called apo-lipoproteins
structure
Apo -lipoproteins (Apo)
. Are integral or peripheral proteins
Their classes are represent by capital
English letter A,B,C ,D,E
Each class has sub classes
Sub classes represent by Latin number
I, II, III and IV
Examples : Apo CI Apo CII
Metabolism of Chylomicron
Metabolism of Chylomicron
Maturation of chylomicron
Nascent
chylomicron
Mature
chylomicro
n
Very low density lipoprotein
(VLDL)
Metabolism
. Liver synthesis VLDL
About 60 % of
nascent VLDL is
endogenous
triacylglycerol(TG)
Maturation of VLDL
Nascent
VLDL
Mature
VLDL
Degradation of mature VLDL
Mature VLDL
VLDL remnant
OR
Intermediate density lipoprotein
Intermediate Density Lipoprotein (IDL) Fate
, In the blood
Approximately half of IDL goes and entre the liver
.via receptor mediated endocytosis
other half of IDL , its triglyceride degradeates
more by lipoprotein lipase to free fatty acids and
LDL (low density lipoprotein)
LDL (low-density lipoprotein) rich in cholesterol
and cholesteroylester comparing to VLDL and
IDL
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Fate
, In the blood
About 60% of low-density lipoprotein(LDL ) entre
the liver via receptor mediated endocytosis
About 40% of low-density lipoprotein(LDL ) entre
the extra-hepatic tissues via receptor mediated
endocytosis
Low-density lipoprotein(LDL)
&
coronary atherosclerosis
: low-density lipoprotein(LDL ) function
carry endogenous cholesterol to hepatic and
extra-hepatic tissues(Bad cholesterol )
There is a correlation between incidence of
coronary atherosclerosis and total plasma
cholesterol concentration and low-density
. lipoprotein concentration
) Bad cholesterol(
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
Metabolism
Is synthesized and secreted from both liver and
.intestine
Nascent HDL contains Apo A, C II and E and act
. as reservoir for Apo C II and E
which are required for metabolism of VLDL and
chylomicrons
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Metabolism
Nascent HDL is a disk-shaped bi-layer phospholipid
.(largely lecithin )
Nascent HDL rapidly converted to spherical shape
.as it receive and accumulate cholesterol
When nascent HDL receive cholesterol from other
lipoproteins and from cell membranes , it is
immediately esterified cholesterol to
.cholesteroylester by LCAT and accumulate
HDL transport cholesteroylester back to the liver by
reverse cholesterol transport. (reverse transport )
(good cholesterol )
:References
Lippincott's Illustrated Biochemistry 7th
edition ,2014
Basic Medical Biochemistry ,clinical
approach ,4th , 2013
Lipid Biochemistry 5th Edition , 2002
