Chapter IV:

Environmental
Protection
 ENVIRONMENT

- Environment is a set of conditions or

surroundings in which a persons,
animals, plants, soil, water and others
that live, interact and/or sustain.

- It derived from French word “Environ”

means “Surrounding”.
 THE SEVEN ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLES
(According to the Society for the Conservation of
Philippine Wetlands, Inc.)

1.Everything is connected to everything else.

2.All forms of life are important (thus, the need for
biodiversity).
3.Everything must go somewhere (thus, too much can cause
pollution)
4.Ours is a finite earth (thus, the need for conservation).
5.Nature knows best (thus, the need for ecological
technology).
6.Nature is beautiful and we are stewards of God’s creation.
7.Everything changes.
 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Environmental protection is the

process of keeping the natural
environment by everyone, organization
and the government. It is a sustainable
action to ensure that management of
natural resources balance utilization,
and important values for the present
and the next generation shall prevail.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND
MANAGEMENT

The study of environmental problems and

their solutions has never been more
important.

1. Modern society in 2009 is hooked on oil.

2. Production has decreased while demand
has increased, and the population of the
world has been increasing by more than 70
million each year.
3. The emerging energy crisis is producing an
economic crisis as everything produced from
oil increases in price beyond what some
people can pay. Energy and economic
problems come as a time of unprecedented
environmental concerns from the local to
global level.
 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND
MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2019

This act seeks to ensure that decisions pertaining to

the environment are made in an integrated manner,
in collaboration with appropriate authorities, non-
governmental organizations and other persons,
provides for preventive and remedial measures for
the control and mitigation of all forms of
environmental degradation or pollution, and
promotes and encourages among all persons a better
understanding and appreciation of the environment.
The Act also regulates the social relations with regard
to collection of, and access to, environmental
information and the rights and the obligations of the
State, the municipalities, the juristic and natural
persons in respect of environmental protection.
 PHILIPPINE AGENDA 21
THE KEY TO PHILIPPINES’ ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION

1.Philippine Agenda 21 (PA 21) is a program of action into

the 21ˢᵗ century for bringing the Earth into a sustainable
future.
2.It was adopted by the participating governments of the
world in the United Nations Conference on Environment
and Development (UNCED), otherwise known as the Earth
Summit, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June 1992.
3. PA 21 is the Philippines’ commitment to the UNCED. It
also lays down the mix of strategies that integrate areas (or
Action Agenda), from the national to the regional level, with
the corresponding implementing platforms and plans.
It is basically made up of:
3.The Principles of Unity;
4.The Action Agenda; and
5.The Implementation Strategies.
 THE VISION OF PHILIPPINE AGENDA 21

PA 21 envisions a better quality of life for all

through the development of a just, moral,
creative, spiritual, economically-vibrant, caring,
diverse yet cohesive society characterized by
appropriate productivity, participatory and
democratic process and living in harmony within
the limits of the carrying capacity of nature and
the integrity of creation.
 THE GOAL ELEMENTS OF THE ENHANCED PA
21

WHAT ARE THE FIVE GOAL

ELEMENT OF PA 21?

1.Poverty Reduction.
2.Social Equity
3.Empowerment and Governance
4.Peace and Solidarity
5.Ecological Integrity.
 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Sustainable development as defined in the

PA 21 (1996) is “harmonious integration of a
sound and viable economy, responsible
governance, social cohesion and ecological
integrity, to ensure that development is a life-
sustaining process.”
 THE PHILIPPINE COUNCIL FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT (PCSD)

The Philippine Council for Sustainable

Development (PCSD) is a multi-sectoral body
formed to coordinate and monitor the
fulfillment of the commitments of the
Philippine to the UNCED, and later, the
WSSD. It has spearheaded the formulation of
PA 21.
THE KEY ACTORS IN SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT WORK
 7 Key Principles Of Environmental
Management

1.Polluter Pays Principle (PPP)

2.User Pays Principle (UPP)
3.Precautionary Principle (PP)
4.Principle of Responsibility
5.Principle Of Effectiveness and Efficiency
6.Principle of Proportionality
7.Principle Of Participation
 THE ROLE OF YOUTH IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT

RIGHTS OF CITIZENS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

• The right to breathe clean air.

• The right to utilize and enjoy all-natural resources according
to the principles of sustainable development.
• The right to participate in the formulation, planning,
implementation and monitoring of environmental policies
and programs and in the decision-making process.
• The right to participate in the decision-making process concerning
development policies, plans and programs projects or activities
that may have adverse impact on the environment and public
health.
 THE ROLE OF YOUTH IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT

RIGHTS OF CITIZENS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

• The right to be informed of the nature and extent of the

potential hazard of any activity, undertaking or project and
to be served timely notice of any significant rise in the level
of pollution and the accidental or deliberate release into the
atmosphere of harmful or hazardous substances.
• The right of access to public records which a certain citizen
may need to exercise his or her rights effectively.
 THE ROLE OF YOUTH IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT

RIGHTS OF CITIZENS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

• The right to bring action in court or quasi-judicial bodies to

enjoin all activities in violation of environmental laws and
regulations, to compel the rehabilitation and cleanup of
affected area, and to seek the imposition of penal sanctions
against violators of environmental laws.
• The right to bring action in court for compensation of
personal damages resulting from the adverse
environmental and public health impact of a project or
activity (Republic Act 8749).
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
 DEFORESTATION

Can cause climate change and flooding

 POLLUTION

Considered as the world’s largest single

environmental health risk
 WATER CRISIS

Lack of freshwater resources to meet the

standard water demand.
 Ozone Depletion

Can increase amount of UV radiation that

may cause skin cancer, eye cataracts and
can affects our immune system
How do you save water?
 WATER SANITATION AND CONSERVATION
(USES OF WATER)

1.Agriculture Use
2.Domestic Use
 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION

Environmental education refers to organized efforts

to teach about how natural environments function
and, particularly, how human beings can manage
their behavior and ecosystems in order to live
sustainably.
Environmental education is a learning process that
increases people’s knowledge and awareness about
the environment and associated challenges, develops
the necessary skills and expertise to address the
challenges, and fosters attitudes, motivations, and
commitments to make informed decisions and take
responsible action (UNESCO
 Related Laws and Directives in
Promoting Environment Education

• CHED Memorandum Order No. 33 Series of

2009
Subject: Integration of Environmental Education in the Tertiary
Education Curriculum particularly the Civic Welfare and Training
Service Component of the National Service Training Program.
• Republic Act No. 9512
The National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of
2008. An act to promote environmental awareness through
environmental education and for other purposes
• Republic Act No. 9275 or Philippine Clean
Water Act of 2004
An act providing for a comprehensive water quality management
and for other purposes
 Related Laws and Directives in
Promoting Environment Education

• Republic Act No. 9175 or Chainsaw Act of

2002
An act regulating the ownership, possession, sale, importation and
use of chainsaws, penalizing violations thereof and for other
purposes.
• Environmental Protection and
Management Act (No. 10 of 2019)
This act seeks to ensure that decisions pertaining to the
environment are made in an integrated manner, in collaboration
with appropriate authorities, non-governmental organizations and
other persons, provides for preventive and remedial measures for
the control and mitigation of all forms of environmental
degradation or pollution, and promotes and encourages among all
persons a better understanding and appreciation of the
environment.
 Related Laws and Directives in
Promoting Environment Education

• Republic Act No. 9147 or Wildlife Resources

Conservation and Protection Act of 2001
An act providing for the conservation and protection of wildlife
resources and their habitats, appropriating funds therefor and for other
purposes.
• Republic Act 9003 or The Ecological Solid
Waste Management Act of 2000
This is an act providing for an ecological solid waste management
program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and
incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties,
appropriating funds thereof, and for other purposes.
• Republic Act 8749 or Philippines Clean Air Act
of 1999
"Philippines Clean Air Act of 1999" an act providing for a comprehensive
air pollution control policy and for other purposes.
• Hazardous Waste Management
A comprehensive and integrated management of toxic substances
and hazardous wastes which adheres to the waste management
hierarchy of source reduction, recycling, treatment and safe disposal
for the protection of personnel, environment and property.
• Hazardous Waste
These are solid wastes or a combination of solid waste which identify
concentration or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics may
do the following:
1. cause or significantly contribute to the increase in mortality or an
increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness; and
2. cause a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or
the environment when improperly treated, stored or transported.
• Zero Waste Management is an ecological method of handling
wastes that does not degrade the environment nor pollute air, water,
soil and facilitate their sanitary retrieval, reuse or recycling. This is
one of the most friendly, economical tool of contributing ecological
welfare for human beings and the community.
Four Characteristics of Hazardous Wastes

1. Ignitable - the substance causes or

enhances fires
2. Corrosive - the substance destroys tissues
or metals
3. Reactive - the substance reacts with others
and may explode
4. Toxic - the substance is a danger to health,
water food and air
 The Three Main Goals of Hazardous
Waste Management
1. Protection of the environment
2. Improvement of public health
3. Conservation of energy
 7 R’s of Waste Management

1.Rethink
2.Refuse
3.Reduce
4.Reuse
5.Repair
6.Regift
7.Recycle
 We won't have a society if we destroy the
environment. Environment is no one's property to
destroy; it's everyone's responsibility to protect.