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Sequential Batch Reactor

- Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is a fill-and-draw batch activated sludge process that incorporates features of extended aeration plants. It operates through a cyclic sequence of filling, aeration, sedimentation/clarification, decanting, and sludge withdrawal. - SBRs can achieve concurrent nitrification/denitrification through aerobic and anoxic phases, as well as biological phosphorus removal by altering redox conditions. - SBRs use predictive control of aeration based on oxygen uptake rate to reduce energy usage by over 50% compared to conventional activated sludge plants.

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Rahul Revu
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280 views8 pages

Sequential Batch Reactor

- Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is a fill-and-draw batch activated sludge process that incorporates features of extended aeration plants. It operates through a cyclic sequence of filling, aeration, sedimentation/clarification, decanting, and sludge withdrawal. - SBRs can achieve concurrent nitrification/denitrification through aerobic and anoxic phases, as well as biological phosphorus removal by altering redox conditions. - SBRs use predictive control of aeration based on oxygen uptake rate to reduce energy usage by over 50% compared to conventional activated sludge plants.

Uploaded by

Rahul Revu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sequencing Batch Reactor

It is a fill-and-draw batch ASP incorporating all the features of extended aeration plant. Reactor operation takes place in certain sequence in cyclic order and in each cycle
Filling tank Aeration Sedimentation/clarification Decantation Sludge withdrawal

A number of large and small scale plants exist with several years of continuous operation in India and elsewhere.

System Schematics
DECANTER SELECTOR

INLET

OUTLET

DIFFUSER

BIOMASS

SLUDGE PUMP

C-Tech Basin

SBR Cycle of operation


Inlet start

B
Anoxic Inlet end Outlet end

B
Aerobic Anoxic

Outlet start

B
Aerobic Anoxic

System Schematics

Time - 0 hrs

1.5 Hrs

3 Hrs

Basin - 1 Basin - 2

Fill + Aeration Settling Decanting

Settling

Decanting

Fill + Aeration

Operating sequence of a 2 Basin system

Concurrent Nitrification / Denitrification in SBR


Ammonia converted to Nitrates in the Aeration basin. Denitrification of recycled effluent occurs in the selector basin Denitrification occurs concurrently in the aeration tank during the settling / decant phase Nitrogen gas is stripped off during aeration cycle. Nitrate diffusion rate is 5 times more than Oxygen. So Nitrate reaches the center of the flocs faster than Oxygen, thereby promoting denitrification. Nitrification happens in the periphery of the floc De-nitrification occurs in the central portion of the floc

Biofloc

Biological Phosphorous Removal in SBR

Anaerobic conditions for short time followed by aerobic phase will increase the uptake of Phosphorous by biomass During settlement and decant the biomass oxidation reduction potential depletes from a positive value of around +50 to +100 mV to a negative value of around 150 to 200 mV. This aids P removal

Over 50% Energy Reduction


Continuous measurement of DO and Temperature in the basin

Predictive calculations of Biological metabolic activity by the PLC Automatic and dynamic control of aeration time and intensity by the PLC based on the existing metabolic activity - Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR).

Recovering the oxygen used for nitrification back in the process by denitrification Blower can be switched off during low flow as there is no problem of short circuiting like in continuous system like ASP..
1.200 25

1.000

COD ffc-OUR
20

KWH/Kg COD

Conventional

[kgCOD/2hrs]

15 600 10 400 5

200

0
25.6 26.6 26.6 26.6 26.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 28.6 28.6

Dynamics of OUR and COD-loads

OUR [mg/l.h]

800

Merits and Demerits of SBR


Excellent effluent quality Smaller footprint because of absence of primary and secondary clarifiers, and digester Proven technology Biological nutrient (N and P) removal High degree of coliform removal Less chlorine dosing required Can withstand hydraulic and organic shock loads Demerits Comparatively higher energy consumption To achieve high efficiency, complete automation is required Highly skilled operators are needed No energy production Uninterrupted power supply is required

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